辐射诱变新桑品种川799的育成

用辐射与杂交育成新桑品种川799,其树型紧凑,枝条粗壮、直立,生长旺盛,易采摘,平均年667m2桑园产叶1551.53kg,比对照荷叶白高11.64%,万蚕产茧量和万蚕产茧层量分别比对照高6.84%和7.88%,5龄50kg桑产茧量比对照高9.45%,667m2桑园产茧量和茧层量分别比对照高16.18%和17.83%。秋叶硬化迟,属晚生桑品种。     

论中国的肉牛育种问题

中国是世界养牛大国，也是第三大牛肉生产国，然而还未有自己培训的专门化肉牛品种。肉牛育种问题十分迫切。中国的肉牛育种有良好的黄牛选育基础，特别是母牛基础较好。着重肉用性能选育、瞄准国际先进水平是由役用黄牛培育专门化肉牛的基本技术路线。按肉用指数（BPI）衡量，目前较多黄牛品种还处于“役肉兼用”阶段，个别是黄牛品种（母牛）可达到“肉役兼用”水平。“本品种选育、适量导血”可能是培育我国特色专门化肉牛新品种的较快而稳妥的途径。育种核心目标可以包括保留黄牛若干特征性状，但关键指标是使其BPI达到一定水平；公牛5．6，母牛4．0，以参于国际竞争，并支撑我国肉牛产业持续、健康发展。培育条件是选育肉牛新品种的极大限制因素，应大力加强。     

肉羊信息管理与育种分析系统的研究

采用面向对象编程技术和可视化的界面设计方法,运用SQL Server 2005为后台数据库并结合Visual Studio 2005,采用C#为程序设计语言,研发了肉羊信息管理与育种分析系统。根据肉羊育种实际需求,设计了用户管理、数据管理、育种分析和系统帮助四大模块,以实现肉羊育种资料的科学化管理,提高肉羊选种选配的准确度和工作效率。     

分子连锁图与家蚕育种

本文概要介绍QTL概念、分子标记及其分子图的构建方法,通过大量的动植物QTL定位取得的成绩以及家蚕分子标记和分子图研究现状的阐述,展望了家蚕分子育种的前景。     

Lactation-related mammary gland pathologies—A neglected emergency in the bitch

Mastitis is a common reproductive disorder in bitches, reaching a prevalence of 0.71%. Mastitis has a wide range of forms, from asymptomatic to severe gangrenous mastitis that can lead to septic shock and death of the bitch and nurslings. However, most of the time it is overlooked, undiagnosed or mistreated. The present systematic review was performed to revise and summarize the existing knowledge related to this disorder, including diagnosis, treatment and prevention.     

长爪沙鼠生长与繁殖性能的主要指标测定

目的:探讨在普通级环境下饲养的长爪沙鼠的饲养管理、生长发育及繁殖等情况。方法:观测长爪沙鼠的饲养管理方法,记录0-12周的生长发育情况,统计1～5胎的初生个体重、窝产仔数、窝重和离乳重,测定成年长爪沙鼠主要脏器的重量、脏器重量/体重的比值。结果表明:在普通级环境下饲养的长爪沙鼠初生体重为2.8～3.2g,窝产仔4～9只,3～8周龄体重增长快,5周龄开始雌雄体重有显著性差异(P<0.05)繁殖性能好。     

《烟草育种学》课程教学改革的实践探索

河南农业大学烟草育种课程组全体教师对《烟草育种学》的教学内容、教学方式和考核形式进行了系列改革。近年来的教学实践表明,这些改革措施充分调动了学生学习的主动性,达到了改善教学质量的效果,为高等农业院校该课程的教学提供一定的参考。     

秀山土鸡种质资源调查

重庆市秀山土家族苗族自治县位于渝东南片区,地处武陵山脉中段,为渝、鄂、湘、黔边区结合部。由于独特的地理环境,具有丰富的自然资源,也形成了一些特有的地方畜禽资源,如秀山土鸡等,其以耐粗饲、抗病力强、适应性好、肉质细嫩、肉味鲜美、滋补性强等特点而备受消费者的青睐。秀山土鸡成年公/母鸡的体重、体斜长、胫长、屠宰率分别为（2350±200）g/（1760±130）g、（19.90±0.76）cm/（18.13±0.64）cm、（11.80±0.41）cm/（10.19±0.32）cm、（87.53%±1.39%）/（87.67%±0.55%）;母鸡的年产蛋量、蛋重和蛋形指数分别为：130～150枚、（45.10±4.97）g、（1.31±0.09）。针对秀山土鸡的生产状况和生产性能,提出了相应的保种和选育方案。     

中国驴品种资源现状及其分子遗传育种研究进展

驴是中国一个古老畜种,对不良环境适应性强,耐粗饲、抗病力强,一直是役、驮、乘、肉、药多用资源之一。但随着农业机械化、运输业快速发展及人民生活水平提高,近些年来驴品种资源整体面临着种质资源退化、种群数量和质量显著下降等问题。本文针对我国驴品种资源概况、保护利用现状、存在问题及其分子遗传育种研究进展进行综述,以期为驴品种资源的保护及开发利用提供参考。     

Adverse impact of industrial animal agriculture on the health and welfare of farmed animals

Industrial animal agriculture is grounded in the concept of maximizing productivity and profit. Selective breeding for maximum productivity in one characteristic of the animal (e.g. milk yield in cows, or breast meat in broiler chickens) has resulted in genotypes and phenotypes that may predispose the animals to poor health and welfare. The conditions in which these individuals are kept may also frustrate many inherited behaviors that they are strongly motivated to perform. In order to curb the resulting harmful aberrant behaviors, such as feather‐pecking in chickens, we sometimes resort to mutilating the animals. In many places chickens are routinely de‐beaked by means of a hot metal guillotine. Compassion in World Farming (an international organization that promotes the humane treatment of farm animals) believes that it is unethical to treat sentient beings in such ways. We have a duty to respect farm animals' sentience by providing them with housing conditions that take their needs and wants into account, and by reverting to the use of dual‐purpose, slower‐growing breeds that have the potential for good welfare. Alternatives to current farming practices are available, and we owe it to the animals, and to our consciences, to pursue them.