草地早熟禾品种在北京地区对褐斑病的抗性评价

采用田间目测法对草地早熟禾（Poa pratensis）31个品种的抗病性进行评价。结果表明,不同品种（系）对褐斑病（Rhizoctonia solani）的抗性有较明显差异,抗病程度分别从高感到高抗,其中有9个品种的相对抗病指数与隶属函数值均在0.70～1.00,属褐斑病高抗;有6个的相对抗病指数与隶属函数值在0.50～0.70,属于褐斑病中抗;有1个的相对抗病指数与隶属函数值在0.30～0.50,属褐斑病感病;有9个的相对抗病指数与隶属函数值在0.10～0.30,属褐斑病中感;有3个的相对抗病指数与隶属函数值在0.10以下,属褐斑病高感;有3个品种由于评价结果不一致尚不确定其抗病等级。     

绵羊杂色曲霉毒素中毒的诊断

2010年春季以来,在辽西部分养羊户中的断奶羔羊及育成羊群中出现不明原因的死亡现象,经抗生素等药物进行常规治疗无效,死亡率达12％.临床症状为可视黏膜及皮肤重度黄染并排血红蛋白尿,最后因肝肾功能衰竭死亡;病理剖检变化为肝、肾变性坏死及实质性器官出血性变化为主.通过流行病学调查,并对病死羊进行病理剖检及对饲料真菌毒素的检...     

鹿口蹄疫抗体间接ELISA检测方法的建立

以纯化的口蹄疫病毒作为包被抗原,建立了检测鹿口蹄疫抗体的间接酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）。最佳反应条件是：抗原包被质量浓度为40μg/mL,血清稀释度为1：100,检测的灵敏度为1：400。     

三黄白术片对人工感染鸡传染性法氏囊病的疗效

３组１６日龄小鸡人工感染以鸡传染性法氏囊病（ＩＢＤ）病毒,４８ｈ后出现临床症状,分别内服三黄白术片,剂量分别为０．３７５ｇ,０．２５ｇ和０．１２５ｇ,每日２次,连服５日,随后的１０日内,治疗组分别死亡１３．３％（４／３０）、１６．７％（５／３０）和４０％（１２／３０）,而未治疗的对照组死亡５３．３％（１６／３０）。在相对增重上,治疗组分别为７３．９％、７０．１％和７１．１％,而未治疗对照组为２５．８％。     

Investigating the Link between Particulate Exposure and Airway Inflammation in the Horse

Inhalant exposure to airborne irritants commonly encountered in horse stables is implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory airway disease (IAD) and recurrent airway obstruction (RAO), non‐infectious, inflammatory pulmonary disorders that impact the health and performance of horses across all equine disciplines. IAD and RAO have overlapping clinical, cytological, and functional manifestations of the pulmonary response to organic dust and noxious gases encountered in the barn environment. Study of these diseases has provided important but incomplete understanding of the effect of air quality upon the respiratory health of horses. In this review, the principles of particulate exposure assessment, including health‐related aerosol size fractions and size‐selective sampling, the factors influencing air quality in equine environments, and the effect of air quality on the equine respiratory tract are discussed. The objective of this review is to provide the reader with a summary of the most common chronic inflammatory airway diseases in the horse and the principles of air sampling that are essential to the planning, interpretation, and assessment of equine respiratory health‐related exposure studies.     

A multi-analysis approach for space–time and economic evaluation of risks related with livestock diseases: The example of FMD in Peru

This study presents a multi-disciplinary decision-support tool, which integrates geo-statistics, social network analysis (SNA), spatial-stochastic spread model, economic analysis and mapping/visualization capabilities for the evaluation of the sanitary and socio-economic impact of livestock diseases under diverse epidemiologic scenarios. We illustrate the applicability of this tool using foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Peru as an example. The approach consisted on a flexible, multistep process that may be easily adapted based on data availability. The first module (mI) uses a geo-statistical approach for the estimation (if needed) of the distribution and abundance of susceptible population (in the example here, cattle, swine, sheep, goats, and camelids) at farm-level in the region or country of interest (Peru). The second module (mII) applies SNA for evaluating the farm-to-farm contact patterns and for exploring the structure and frequency of between-farm animal movements as a proxy for potential disease introduction or spread. The third module (mIII) integrates mI–II outputs into a spatial-stochastic model that simulates within- and between-farm FMD-transmission. The economic module (mIV) connects outputs from mI–III to provide an estimate of associated direct and indirect costs. A visualization module (mV) is also implemented to graph and map the outputs of module I–IV. After 1000 simulated epidemics, the mean (95% probability interval) number of outbreaks, infected animals, epidemic duration, and direct costs were 37 (1, 1164), 2152 (1, 13, 250), 63 days (0, 442), and US$ 1.2 million (1072, 9.5 million), respectively. Spread of disease was primarily local (<4.5 km), but geolocation and type of index farm strongly influenced the extent and spatial patterns of an epidemic. The approach is intended to support decisions in the last phase of the FMD eradication program in Peru, in particular to inform and support the implementation of risk-based surveillance and livestock insurance systems that may help to prevent and control potential FMD virus incursions into Peru.     

重庆市山羊博尔纳病病毒P24基因的检测

为了解重庆市山羊博尔纳病隐性带毒情况，分析博尔纳病病毒（BDV）的种系来源。采用巢式逆转录酶PCR结合荧光定量PCR（FQ—nRT—PCR）技术对重庆市60只山羊外周血单核细胞（PBMCs）及脑组织中的BDVP24基因片段进行了检测，将阳性产物测序，并与国外BDV毒株进行了比较。结果，山羊外周血检测阳性率为8．3％（5／60），脑组织检测阳性率为10％（6／60）。该BDVP24片段核苷酸序列与马源BDVH1766株同源性最高，达96．519／6，与标准株Strain V和He／80同源性为95．35％，并且编码的氨基酸序列也相同。表明，重庆市山羊中存在动物源性博尔纳病隐性带毒，该BDVP24核苷酸序列与Strain V和He／80株具有高度同源性。     

Na(+), K(+)-ATPase content in skeletal muscle of dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism

Several hormones regulate Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase content in the muscle cell membrane, which is essential for maintaining muscle cell excitability. Chronic glucocorticoid excess is associated with muscle weakness and reduced endurance. We hypothesized that chronic glucocorticoid excess affects Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase content in canine skeletal muscle, and contributes to reduced endurance and muscle weakness associated with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH) in dogs. Therefore, Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase content in skeletal muscle was evaluated before and after hypophysectomy and hormone replacement (cortisone and l-thyroxin) in dogs with PDH (n = 13), and in healthy controls (n = 6). In addition, baseline and exercise-induced changes in plasma electrolyte concentrations and acid–base balance were evaluated before and after hypophysectomy in dogs with PDH. Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase content of gluteal muscle in dogs with PDH was significantly lower than in control dogs (201 ± 13 pmol/g versus 260 ± 8 pmol/g wet weight; P < 0.01). Similar differences were found in palatine muscle. After hypophysectomy and on hormone replacement, Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase was increased (234 ± 7 pmol/g wet weight). Both plasma pH and base excess in dogs with PDH (7.44 ± 0.01; 1.7 ± 0.6 mmol/l, respectively) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than after hypophysectomy and hormone replacement (7.41 ± 0.01; −0.2 ± 0.4 mmol/l, respectively). Exercise induced respiratory alkalosis, but did not result in hyperkalemia in dogs with PDH. In conclusion, chronic glucocorticoid excess in dogs with PDH is associated with decreased Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase content in skeletal muscle. This may contribute to reduce endurance in canine PDH, although dogs with PDH did not exhibit exercise-induced hyperkalemia. Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase content normalized to values statistically not different from healthy controls after hypophysectomy and hormone replacement.     

西藏兔病毒性出血症的研究--病原鉴定及疫苗免疫效力试验

１９９４年６￣７月,西藏林芝地区家兔大批急性死亡同,经过流行病学调查,临诊断症状观察,病理剖检等结果与兔病毒性出血症特征相符。进一步作病毒学检查表明,病变组织超薄发切片经电子显微镜观察发现有大量直径约３０ｎｍ的球状裸听病毒粒子,自然病死兔肝组织匀交涉 清能凝集入）型红细胞,而且血凝兔出血症病毒阳性抗血清所抑制,致病性试验结果表明,该病毒对兔有很强的致病性;用西藏自然病死兔肝组织匀浆试制的矩形疫苗兔     

Equine Granulocytic Anaplasmosis: A Case Report and Review

A 15 year-old Thoroughbred mare was examined for lethargy, fever, and inappetence of 1-day duration. A hard-bodied tick was removed from the horse. A complete blood count (CBC) demonstrated leukopenia with lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia. Morulae were visualized in circulating granulocytes. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed the identity of these organisms as Anaplasma phagocytophilum. The horse was treated symptomatically for fever and inappetence with flunixin meglumine (1.1 mg/kg [0.5 mg/lb]) and oral electrolyte paste. Oxytetracycline (6.6 mg/kg [3 mg/lb] intravenously every 24 hours) treatment was begun as soon as a definitive diagnosis was determined. The mare responded to treatment, but she was switched to oral doxycycline (10 mg/kg [4.5 mg/lb] every 12 hours) after 5 days because of perivascular swelling at the injection site. Complete resolution of clinical signs was seen. There was no evidence of recurrence 1 year later. No additional horses at the farm were affected. The horse in this report presented for lethargy, inappetence, and fever, with limited other abnormalities. This represents a classical presentation of a mild to moderate case of anaplasmosis, which had not previously been reported in Virginia. The disease may be more widespread than has been previously reported, and it should warrant inclusion on a complete differential diagnosis list in a case of fever of unknown origin.