国土空间生态修复关键区域系统识别与修复

基于生态系统问题诊断与生态安全格局构建,探索国土空间生态修复关键区域识别与修复的方法路径。以武汉市蔡甸区为研究区域,从数量、质量、空间格局等3个方面系统诊断了生态系统的退化程度、退化类型及其空间分布。基于生态源地的识别,并以土地覆盖类型、距离水源距离、植被覆盖度、坡度、高程等5种因子构建生态阻力面,通过最小阻力模型识别潜在生态廊道,进而构建生态安全格局。在此基础上,综合生态系统问题诊断与生态安全格局需求,系统地辨识出了武汉市蔡甸区的生态保育区、自然修复区、人工修复区和生态廊道建设区。结果显示,共提取出1 901.52 hm²林地和水体作为生态源地,识别出18 168.12 m潜在生态廊道。从生态保育、自然修复、人工修复、生态廊道建设4个方面提出了对应的生态保护修复措施。     

湖北电网安全运营的地质灾害调查研究

对遍布湖北省内100多个可能有地质灾害隐患的变电站、输电线路进行了野外调查,归纳出影响湖北电网安全运营的地质灾害的主要类型和分布特征,并分析了地质灾害的成因,给出了相应的治理对策,对湖北电网的安全运营提供依据。     

Explaining urban governance in the midst of political transformation: The city of Macao

This paper takes a close look at the urban governance and political culture of Macao, the world largest casino city. Macao has experienced spectacular economic growth since gaming liberalisation in 2002 and China's Free Individual Travel scheme launched in 2003. However, the booming gaming sector has crowded out other sectors of Macao. It has not only made the city's economy mono‐structured and consequently extremely vulnerable to external shocks and fluctuations but also induced serious social divisions and political controversies within the local community. By tracing the root cause of the ongoing dilemma and crisis in the mode of governance, the dynamic relationships between formal and informal institutions, consensus politics and the social group culture are intensively discussed in a historical context. In fact, the sustainable development of the former Portuguese colony has largely been hindered by its residents' passive attitudes toward political communication, non‐transparent urban governance, the absence of a middle class and the dominance of pro‐establishment social groups.     

The politics of water democracy: insights from grassroot struggles in the Ecuadorian Highlands

In the past two decades spaces for user participation have been opened within water governance structures at many scales. In this contribution, based on a case study of the Provincial Water Users Federation Interjuntas‐Chimborazo in the Ecuadorian Highlands, I explore how and why formal participation of water users in itself is problematic in terms of democracy. The case shows that for organised peasant water users to work on more democratic water governance, the creation of upscaled federations, alliances, networks and sometimes street protests is crucial to open up spaces in which their interests are represented. This suggests that democracy is not merely about participation, but more importantly, it is about the politics of how democracy is made through conflicts, protests, negotiations and the creation of strategic alliances that challenge the structures and processes through which decisions are taken.     

试论我国公共资源治理的制度供给改革——以农业生物遗传资源治理为例

遗传资源是现代生物技术发展不可或缺的战略资源.近年来,我国农业遗传资源面临着生物多样性退化、生物海盗剽窃、育种材料奇缺、遗传资源开发程度低等现实问题.公共资源的公共性、稀缺性、非排他性、效用综合性等决定公共资源治理中的实时多元化制度需求,如果社会缺乏灵活高效的制度变迁机制,由此带来的有效制度供给不足,必然最终导致公共资...     

“五位一体”村级治理评价体系初探

[目的]构建村级治理评价体系,对村级治理状况进行考评分析,为推进国家治理体系建设和治理能力现代化的改革提供参考.[方法]依据以经济、政治、社会、文化和生态环境为核心的“五位一体”改革布局进行归类,利用熵值法核算指标权重,构建村级治理评价指标体系;从我国中西部地区选取典型行政村,对其村级治理状况进行考评分析.[结果]形成了以农村经济建设、民主政治、精神文明、社会公共服务和生态文明为一级指标、共包含21个二级指标的村级治理评价指标体系,其中,一级指标中农村经济建设和生态文明的权重相对较大,二级指标中村民人均纯收入是考量村级治理二级指标中最重要的项目.在村级治理水平考评中,湖北省老河口市李楼镇张庄村和武汉市洪山区青菱街老桥村的村级治理水平突出,综合得分分别为0.935和0.934分,且与其余20个行政村的得分差距明显.[建议]拓宽选人渠道、健全人才发展机制;以国家、省部、市级开展支援农村发展的活动为契机,挖掘村级治理新动力;促进村级治理典型模式推广与经验分享.     

Effect of Peat-based Container Media on Establishment of Scots Pine,Norway Spruce and Silver Birch Seedlings after Transplanting in Contrasting Water Conditions

Abstract

Urban woodlands are the subject of complex decision-making that requires a strategic overview of the resource. This article contributes a national study of municipal woodland in Denmark. Data were collected among all Danish municipalities through a postal survey (with a response rate of 52%). As much as 83% of the woodland units were located within urban settlements or at their fringe, emphasising that municipalities are important urban woodland providers. Municipal woodland resources were typically divided into many separate units of varying size. On average, the responding municipalities owned 12.6 woodland units with an allocated area of 265 ha, resulting in a mean size of 21.5 ha. A general lack of management plans, and a significant drop in recreational facilities provided with decreasing woodland size indicate that the recreational use potential of small woodland units was largely overlooked. Municipal woodland units frequently bordered other woodland or nature areas of different ownership. Thus even small municipal woodlands can play a key role in the development of multifunctional green infrastructures in the urban landscape. Only municipalities with extensive woodland property had issued a woodland policy, and/or certified woodland management. This indicates a need for development of governance and strategic management instruments attractive to municipalities with limited woodland property.     

基于SOA的整车企业技术数据集成研究

针对整车企业信息化程度越来越高，但是信息孤岛现象也越来越严重的问题，提出了基于SOA（Service Oriented Architecture)的整车企业跨系统技术数据查询和实时报表的系统设计和实施框架，通过技术方案、用例、类图等详细分析了系统的构架和实施策略.案例研究表明，该系统具有很强的可操作性.     

东阳义乌水权交易的第三方效应及对策研究

运用系统分析方法、比较分析方法和典型案例法,结合东阳义乌地区水权交易的经典案例,着重阐释了水权交易过程中产生的第三方正效应和第三方负效应,提出对水权交易第三方正效应进行多样化补偿和对第三方负效应采取预防、保障、补偿三结合的治理措施,以解决水权交易过程中的公平和效率问题。     

饲料企业制度层文化与精神层文化的兼容性研究

企业制度层文化和精神层文化是饲料企业文化的重要组成部分,两者对饲料企业行为层文化和物质层文化具有决定性作用。兼容性是企业制度层文化与精神层文化关系研究中首先要解决的关键问题。文中在对这个问题分析的基础上,进一步使用系统论的方法研究了饲料企业精神层文化与企业制度层文化在兼容情况下与不兼容情况下的关系,并针对处于企业制度层文化和企业精神层文化不兼容状态中的饲料企业,提出了相应的对策建议。