培养液中铜水平对PK15细胞内铜离子浓度与CuZn-SOD活性的影响

在 PK15细胞无血清液体培养基中添加 0、7.8、15 .6、31.2、6 2 .5 μmol/L Cu,观察了培养液中不同铜水平对PK15细胞内铜离子浓度和 Cu Zn- SOD活性的影响及二者的相关性。结果表明 ,PK15细胞内铜离子浓度及 Cu Zn-SOD活性均随培养液中添加铜离子浓度升高和培养时间的延长而有不同程度的升高 ,其中以添加 Cu31.2 μmol/L组最高 (P<0 .0 5 )。PK15细胞内 Cu Zn- SOD活性与细胞内铜离子浓度和培养时间呈强正相关 (培养时间 :r=0 .873～0 .980 ,P<0 .0 5 ;铜离子浓度 :r=0 .90 0～ 0 .972 ,P<0 .0 5 )     

The Nutritive Value and Yield of Alfalfa Cultivated on Sulphur Postmining Lands

The study was carried out on the reclaimed lands of a bore-hole sulphur mine. The cropping of two succeeding cuts of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) was determined and its chemical composition was analyzed. Alfalfa was cultivated on waste lime (flotation tailings), enriched with a humus layer. The levels of basic nutrients, total S, total F, Ca, P, Mg, K, Na, Fe and Mn were determined in alfalfa. The biomass of an average crop was 6830 kg  ha^–1 in the first cut and 14300 kg  ha^–1 in the second one. The yields of dry matter as well as of crude and true proteins were positively correlated with the phosphorus level in the dry matter of alfalfa (P < 0.01). The level of total sulphur was positively linearly correlated with the phosphorus content (P < 0.01). No harmful accumulation of sulphur or fluoride was observed. A deficiency of phosphorus in alfalfa and an abnormal Ca:P weight ratio was found. The S total level was positively correlated with N total concentration. (P < 0.01). The percentage of true protein in crude protein was negatively correlated with total sulphur (P < 0.01). The level of nonprotein nitrogen compounds was positively correlated with S total level (P < 0.01).     

Liver biopsy techniques for adult horses and neonatal foals to assess copper status

Objective To evaluate standing, percutaneous, ultrasound-guided, transthoracic liver biopsy in mares, and transabdominal, laparoscopically-guided, liver biopsy under general anaesthesia in foals, as techniques for obtaining tissue for assessment of copper status. The techniques were evaluated with respect to ease of use and effect on the animal.
Procedure Twenty of 24 Thoroughbred mares and 21 of their foals were biopsied. The animals were part of a larger study of the effect of copper supplementation on copper status and the prevalence of developmental orthopaedic disease. Livers were also collected from unrelated horses and sampled to investigate the variability in the distribution of copper in liver tissue.
Result The biopsy technique caused no lasting effect on the mares, but there was an increased risk of viscus penetration associated with taking multiple biopsy cores. The use of ultrasonography to scan the target area for the liver identified four cases that were not appropriate candidates for liver biopsy, because of large intestine being located in the biopsy area. In the foals there were no serious postoperative adverse effects, nor was there any evidence of problems caused by the procedure when the abdomen was examined post-mortem at 5 months of age. In livers collected to investigate the variability of copper concentration, copper appeared to be relatively evenly distributed through the liver.
Conclusion Standing, percutaneous, ultrasound-guided, transthoracic liver biopsy in mares, and transabdominal, laparoscopically-guided, liver biopsy under general anaesthesia in foals are convenient procedures for obtaining liver tissue for assessing copper status in horses. The use of ultrasound to identify liver tissue is recommended, especially in older mares.     

松针叶绿素与脂溶性复合物的提取

采用置换反应将松针中含镁叶绿素转变成水溶性叶绿素铜钠，用低浓度乙醇浸提并分离脂溶性部分，得到叶绿素铜钠速淀粉，其１％水溶液ｐＨ值为８－９，６００倍稀释呈翠绿色，产品获得率为松针干粉的８％－１０％，同时获得脂溶性复合物，其主要成分为ＶＥ。     

Fixation Property of Copper Triazole Wood Preservatives

According to AWPA E11-2006 standard,copper fixation rates of several copper-based formulations,such as ammoniacal copper,amine copper,and ammoniacal-ethanolamine copper,as well as alkaline copper quaternary(ACQ),were tested and compared in this paper.And the fixation rates of tebuconazole(TEB) and propiconazole(PPZ) in several formulations,such as copper azole,emulsified type and solvent type,were also compared.The determination of copper content in the leachate was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrom...     

日粮缺锌对猪血液生理生化指标及组织锌,铜含量的影响

用Ｃａ∶Ｚｎ为６０∶１、３３０∶１和５１６∶１的３种日粮分别饲喂３组仔猪１２０ｄ，对试验猪的临床症状和部分血液生理生化指标的变化进行了动态观察，并测定了试验猪１２种组织的锌、铜含量。结果表明，血液白细胞数和血清碱性磷酸酶，试验Ｂ组（Ｃａ∶Ｚｎ为５１６∶１）与对照组（Ｃａ∶Ｚｎ为６０∶１）之间有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）；试验Ａ、Ｂ组猪（Ｃａ∶Ｚｎ为３３０∶１和５１６∶１）被毛锌含量、肝锌含量和肝铜锌比极显著低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。这些指标对于仔猪缺锌的早期诊断具有重要的诊断价值。     

高铜对雏鸭肝氧化状态及肝细胞凋亡的影响

将360只1日龄天府肉鸭随机分为6组，分别以对照日粮（Cu8mg／kg）和高铜日粮（Ⅰ组：Cu100mg／kg；Ⅱ组：Cu200mg／kg；Ⅲ组：Cu400mg／kg；Ⅳ组：Cu600mg／kg；Ⅴ组：Cu800mg／kg）饲喂6周，研究日粮铜水平对雏鸭肝氧化状态及肝细胞凋亡的影响。结果显示，与对照组比较，Ⅳ组和Ⅴ组肝铜锌SOD和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性降低（P〈50．01），Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组和Ⅴ组羟自由基和丙二醛含量显著升高（P〈0．01），Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组肝铜锌SOD和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性升高（P〈0．01）。高铜组肝细胞凋亡率随日粮铜水平的升高而增加。表明，日粮铜水平为400mg／kg以上时可引起肝抗氧化功能降低和肝细胞凋亡率升高。     

贵州尾矿区野生豆科牧草根瘤菌及其抗性测定

为了筛选获得对复合重金属具有耐受能力且能在本地豆科植物根系内定殖共生的抗性根瘤菌,本研究从贵州省内的锰矿区、铅锌矿区采集野生豆科牧草根瘤样品,经分离纯化、菌体形态观察、16S rRNA基因序列比对分析,获得71个根瘤菌保存菌株。系统发育和区系分析结果表明,分离菌株分属7属28种,其中根瘤菌属(Rhizobium)的分布频率高达54.93%,为优势属,木兰根瘤菌(R.indigoferae)的分布频率最高(15.49%),为优势种。选择来自不同尾矿区、不同种类的根瘤菌17株,采用重金属平板法测定各供试菌株对贵州尾矿土分布较多的Pb²⁺,Zn²⁺,Cr⁶⁺,Mn²⁺,Cd²⁺五种重金属的耐受性,结果发现17个菌株对3种或3种以上的重金属都具有不同程度的耐受能力,其中HMZT039-6,HSST042-6,HSST042-1,ZHQT052-1和HXTT050-1对5种重金属离子均有耐受能力,为筛选出的最优抗性根瘤菌株。本研究结果可为本地区土壤重金属污染的修复治理提供共生微生物资源。     

铜锌对华北落叶松多酚氧化酶活性的影响

以华北落叶松3年生幼苗为试验材料,对不同生育期4种处理(对照、锌、铜、铜 锌)下各器官(叶、枝、干、主根、侧根)多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性进行测定分析,结果表明:华北落叶松幼苗各器官内多酚氧化酶活性差异极为显著,干中PPO活性在3月达225.2 U·g-1,而叶中PPO活性在5月仅为57.3 U·g-1.叶子中PPO活性呈递增变化趋势,10月最高,枝、干、主根、侧根的PPO活性在年循环周期内呈规律性变化,7月均达高峰期.铜、锌对各器官内PPO活性有明显的影响,而且与生育期有关.铜对PPO活性的增强作用达显著水平,尤以枝最为突出,10月份铜处理后枝中PPO活性比对照提高95.1%;锌对主根PPO活性的提高也有较明显影响,对其他器官PPO活性有不同程度的抑制作用.10月份锌处理后干中PPO活性比对照下降35.5%;铜、锌互作对干和主根PPO活性的提高表现出较大的协同作用.华北落叶松幼苗体内铜元素含量与PPO活性呈显著的正相关,铜、锌元素通过影响PPO活性而影响幼苗的生长及抗寒性.     

Dielectric properties of copper-ethanolamine treated Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata Hook.)

In order to clarify the interaction between copper and wood substances in wood treated with copper containing water-borne wood preservatives, the dielectric constant ε′ and dielectric loss factor ε″ of untreated wood and wood treated with four concentration levels of copper-ethanolamine (Cu-EA) solutions were determined within a temperature range from –100 to 40°C and a frequency range from 100 to 1 MHz. Three dielectric relaxation processes were observed in the ε″ spectrum; among them R-I is based on the reorientation of methylol groups in the amorphous region of wood cell walls and R-II is related to wood extractives. R-III appeared in Cu-EA treated wood, and its magnitude decreases with the concentration of Cu-EA solutions used in this experiment. This relaxation process was considered to be based on the reorientation of copper-ethanolamine-wood complexes in wood cell walls. At low copper retention, the hydrogen in the complex can form hydrogen bonding with adjacent hydroxyl groups, which results in a strong bonding state between copper and wood; at high copper retention, the numerous copper-ethanolamine complexes not only hinder them from forming hydrogen bonding with adjacent wood molecules due to steric hindrance, but also weaken the interaction between wood molecules themselves, which corresponds to reducing ε″ values of both R-I and R-III processes. The results explain the fact of in-creasing copper leaching in wood treated with high concentration copper-based water-borne preservatives.