检疫性杂草皱匕果芥的研究进展

从检疫性杂草皱匕果芥对除草剂抗性的现状和机制,影响种子萌发和出苗的因素,出苗时间对生长和繁殖的影响,潜在利用和控制策略等方面介绍了国内外对皱匕果芥的研究进展,指出了目前我国皱匕果芥检疫管制措施存在的问题,提出目前应从加强疫情监测、增补列入进境检疫名录、加强检疫监管和防控宣教等方面做好皱匕果芥的综合防控。     

三元交互视角下风景园林设计课程教学改革研究

针对高职院校学生在学习设计课程时自我效能感低的特点,引入社会认知理论的三元交互决定模型,通过从高职院校学生的“个人认知”、“行为模式”和“环境因素”三元视角重新梳理风景园林设计课程体系,在教学设计中融入思政元素,使课程思政和专业教学相互融合,使学生“术”与“德”更好融合,以实现“三全育人”的目标。具体措施包括:通过挖掘教学目标和内容的思政元素,塑造学生产生高效能感的“个人认知”;通过组织“项目沉浸式”教学过程,促使学生产生互为榜样的“行为模式”;通过完善课堂教学评价,营造学生良性互动的学习环境。     

印楝杀虫剂防治蝗虫的应用前景

印楝杀虫剂是公认的最优秀的生物农药之一，在环境中无残留，对非靶标生物安全，对中华稻蝗(Oxyachinensis)、东亚飞蝗(Locusta migratoria manilensis)、黄脊竹蝗(Ceraoris kiangsu)、青脊竹蝗(Ceraoris nigricornis)、沙漠蝗(Schistocerca gregaria)、血黑蝗(Melanoplus sanguinipes)和泣黑背蝗(Eyprepocnermis plorclnS)等多种蝗虫具有优异的杀虫活性，并具有独特的杀虫作用机理，是防治蝗虫的理想药剂。     

大别山板栗片热泵干燥特性及动力学模型分析

为了研究大别山板栗片热泵干燥过程和特性,建立其干燥动力学模型,并优化干燥工艺以提高干燥后的品质,以大别山板栗为研究对象进行热泵干燥动力学研究,通过对7 种常用干燥模型线性化处理,筛选适合用来描述板栗片热泵干燥特性的数学模型,并利用试验数据与模型进行回归拟合,确定并建立最适合的数学模型。结果表明：Page 模型的预测值曲线和实测值曲线高度吻合,Page模型可用来描述板栗片热泵干燥过程中水分的变化规律。研究结果可为板栗片实际生产中的热泵干燥加工提供一定参考。     

基于广义混合效应模型的云冷杉林天然更新计数方法研究

天然更新是森林恢复较好的办法,对未来林分结构和生物多样性具有深远的影响。更新模型能够模拟天然更新的现实和未来状况,为森林经营者提供准确的森林计划。以吉林省汪清林业局2013年设置的12块云冷杉针阔混交林为例,选择泊松和负二项分布形式,考虑样地间的随机效应,构建基于林分因子的云冷杉针阔混交林天然更新模型。结果表明：各个树种对林分因子的反应不一,白桦更新株数与林分每公顷株数和平均直径均呈负相关;红松和水曲柳更新株数不受各个林分因子的影响,更新株数是随机的;冷杉更新株数与林分每公顷断面积呈负相关;色木槭和云杉更新株数均与林分平均直径呈负相关。在考虑样地的随机截距效应后,模型的模拟效果显著提高。在构建天然更新模型时,林分密度是十分重要的因子,如果要人工促进天然更新,就要科学合理的采取经营措施,以确保合理的林分密度。另外样地间的差异是不容忽略的因素,需要利用混合效应模型方法来降低预测误差。     

Analysis of regional variation of height growth and slenderness in populations of six urban tree species using a quantile regression approach

Inventory data of six urban tree species from seven cities across Germany were used to model regional variation of height growth, allometric scaling, and slenderness over a wide range of size and age using a quantile regression approach. Variation within and between species and cities was large. Height did not reach an asymptote but declined at higher ages, presumably because of reduction cuts. Allometric scaling and slenderness varied with wind climate, modulus of elasticity, and coefficient of drag. Our data do not support the use of a threshold value of slenderness in tree risk assessment.     

Accounting for uncertainty in pedotransfer functions in vulnerability assessments of pesticide leaching to groundwater

A simulation tool for site-specific vulnerability assessments of pesticide leaching to groundwater was developed, based on the pesticide fate and transport model MACRO, parameterized using pedotransfer functions and reasonable worst-case parameter values. The effects of uncertainty in the pedotransfer functions on simulation results were examined for 48 combinations of soils, pesticides and application timings, by sampling pedotransfer function regression errors and propagating them through the simulation model in a Monte Carlo analysis. An uncertainty factor, f(u), was derived, defined as the ratio between the concentration simulated with no errors, c(sim), and the 80th percentile concentration for the scenario. The pedotransfer function errors caused a large variation in simulation results, with f(u) ranging from 1.14 to 1440, with a median of 2.8. A non-linear relationship was found between f(u) and c(sim), which can be used to account for parameter uncertainty by correcting the simulated concentration, c(sim), to an estimated 80th percentile value. For fine-textured soils, the predictions were most sensitive to errors in the pedotransfer functions for two parameters regulating macropore flow (the saturated matrix hydraulic conductivity, K(b), and the effective diffusion pathlength, d) and two water retention function parameters (van Genuchten's N and alpha parameters). For coarse-textured soils, the model was also sensitive to errors in the exponent in the degradation water response function and the dispersivity, in addition to K(b), but showed little sensitivity to d. To reduce uncertainty in model predictions, improved pedotransfer functions for K(b), d, N and alpha would therefore be most useful.     

基于单片机与电话网的远程测控研究

在很多的行业、部门中,都存在着因为现场与能够处理数据的管理机构隔着较远的距离,或者因为现场无人值守而导致取得的第一手数据无法及时的进行上传,但是,又必须要定时的对部分现场数据进行及时的了解和传送,这样的话对现场的情况就能够起到实时监控或者准时监控的目的。这时,各行业部门中就非常需要得到一种能够满足该项要求的单片机数据采集及远程通信系统来提供可靠的技术支持。     

在碱茅和芦苇草地中防除刺儿菜药物筛选试验结果

在碱茅和芦苇人工草地中喷施不同量的甲黄隆、绿黄隆和阔叶净均可有效防除有害杂草刺儿菜（Ｃｉｒｓｉｕｍｓｅｔａｓｕｍ）。刺儿菜的株防效和鲜重防效均与施药量呈正相关。以喷施甲黄隆（２５％）２２．５ｇ／ｈｍ２或绿黄隆（２５％）４．５ｇ／ｈｍ２最好．     

文冠果主要病虫害类型及防治技术研究

文冠果是我国北方地区种植面积较广的一类树种,经济价值较高。该文结合实际,对影响文冠果树丰产的主要病虫害类型进行简单的总结,提出相应的防治技术要点,为降低文冠果种植中病虫危害提供参考。