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11.
浅议评估视野下的高校图书拒借现象 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
王友莲 《农业图书情报学刊》2009,21(10):116-119
从评估的角度深入分析导致高校图书拒借的诸多因素,阐述高校图书馆如何充分利用评估这把双刃剑,以评估为契机,化弊为利,使得图书拒借现象得到有效控制。 相似文献
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H. Amory A. S. Linden D. J. -M. Desmecht F. A. Rollin K. McEntee P. M. Lekeux 《Veterinary research communications》1992,16(5):391-401
The purpose of this study was (1) to evaluate the technical and methodological problems associated with invasive haemodynamic measurements in unsedated cattle; (2) to assess the reproducibility of such measurements both within and between days; and (3) to compare the values with those previously reported.Twenty-one healthy calves, aged from 5.5 to 12 months, were studied. The central venous, the right ventricular, the pulmonary arterial, the pulmonary capillary wedge and the systemic arterial pressures were obtained by means of fluid-filled catheters, and the cardiac output was measured by the thermodilution technique. The heart rate, the stroke volume, the pulmonary and systemic vascular resistances and the pulmonary and systemic ventricular workloads were calculated.An adverse reaction, consisting of severe pulmonary hypertension, tachycardia, tachypnoea and transient weakness, occurred in 7 calves during the catheterization procedures. Such a reaction might be due to a local reflex induced by stimulation of mechano-receptors by the catheter tip. It should be avoided by reducing the manipulation of the catheter as much as possible and by inflating the tip of the balloon when moving it forwards. A comparison of the vascular pressures with those previously reported was difficult because of methodological or technical limitations, such as, for instance, a lack of standardization of the baseline. The reproducibility of the haemodynamic measurements obtained was satisfactory, in contrast to previous studies performed in conscious animals. This was attributed to our animals being better trained to the experimental conditions and emphasizes the importance of reducing mental stress in obtaining reliable haemodynamic measurements in unsedated and potentially uncooperative animals. 相似文献
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Thirty-three dairy farms in the Norwegian counties of Østfold and Akershus in which cubicle sheds had been in use for at least one year and with a herd size of less than 60 cows, were contacted and asked to participate in a study. The study focused on heifers'' use of cubicles and concentrate dispenser just after being transferred from rearing accommodation to the milking herd. For each heifer, the farmer recorded cubicle use once nightly between 9 and 11 pm. The daily amount of concentrate released in the dispenser and the allotted daily ration were also recorded. The recording period was 15 consecutive days for cubicle use and 7 days for concentrate dispenser use. Cubicle refusal behaviour, i.e. lying outside the cubicles, was analysed by logistic regression using rearing accommodation of heifers, herd size, heifer age, and housing layout as independent variables, and herd as a clustering variable. On Day 2 after transfer, 34% of the heifers were showing cubicle refusal behaviour (N = 340). By Day 15 this percentage had dropped to 23. Cubicle refusal was lower throughout the whole period among heifers which used the cubicles on the 3 first days after transfer compared to those which did not. This tendency could also be detected several months later. The analysis showed cubicle refusal to be significantly associated with rearing accommodation (OR = 6.1, c.i.95%OR = 1.5–24.3, P = 0.01) and cubicle layout in the shed (OR = 0.2, c.i.95%OR = 0.0–0.7, P = 0.01). None of the tested variables were found to be significant for failure to use the concentrate dispenser, a behaviour which was less frequent than cubicle refusal. However, 8 percent of the heifers did not visit the dispenser at all throughout the 7 days of observation. 相似文献
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Steve C. Haskins DVM MS DACVECC Peter J. Pascoe BVSc DACVA Jan E. Ilkiw BVSc PhD Mack Fudge DVM MPVM DACVECC Kate Hopper BVSc DACVECC Janet Aldrich DVM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2005,15(2):100-109
Objective: To collate canine cardiopulmonary measurements from previously published and unpublished studies in instrumented, unsedated, normovolemic and moderately hypovolemic dogs. Design: Collation of data obtained from original investigations in our research laboratory. Setting: Research laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine. Subjects: Sixty‐eight dogs. Interventions: Subjects were percutaneously instrumented with an arterial catheter and a thermodilution cardiac output catheter. A femoral artery catheter was percutaneously placed for blood removal. Measurements and main results: Body weight, arterial and mixed‐venous pH and blood gases, arterial, pulmonary arterial, pulmonary artery occlusion, and central venous blood pressure, cardiac output, and core body temperature were measured. Body surface area, bicarbonate concentration, standard base excess, cardiac index (CI), stroke volume, systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance, left and right ventricular work and stroke work indices, left and right rate‐pressure product, alveolar PO2, alveolar–arterial PO2 gradient, arterial and mixed‐venous and pulmonary capillary oxygen content, oxygen delivery, oxygen consumption, oxygen extraction, venous admixture, arterial and venous blood carbon dioxide content, arterial–venous carbon dioxide gradient, carbon dioxide production were calculated. In 68 dogs, hypovolemia sufficient to decrease mean arterial blood pressure (ABPm) to an average of 62 mmHg, was associated with the following changes: arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) decreased from 40.0 to 32.9 mmHg; arterial base deficit (BDa) increased from ?2.2 to ?6.3 mEq/L; lactate increased from 0.85 to 10.7 mm /L, and arterial pH (pHa) did not change. Arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) increased from 100.5 to 108.3 mmHg while mixed‐venous PO2 (PmvO2) decreased from 49.1 to 34.1 mmHg. Arterial and mixed‐venous oxygen content (CaO2 and CmvO2) decreased from 17.5 to 16.5 and 13.8 to 9.6 mL/dL, respectively. The alveolar–arterial PO2 gradient (A‐a PO2) increased from 5.5 to 8.9 mmHg while venous admixture decreased from 2.9% to 1.4%. The ABPm decreased from 100 to 62 mmHg; pulmonary arterial pressure (PAPm) decreased from 13.6 to 6.4 mmHg; and pulmonary arterial occlusion pressure (PAOP) decreased from 4.9 to 0.1 mmHg. CI decreased from 4.31 to 2.02 L/min/m2. Systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance (SVRI and PVRI) increased from 1962 to 2753 and 189 to 269 dyn s/cm5, respectively. Oxygen delivery (DO2) decreased from 787 to 340 mL/min/m2 while oxygen consumption (VO2) decreased from 172 to 141 mL/min/m2. Oxygen extraction increased from 20.9% to 42.3%. Conclusions: Moderate hypovolemia caused CI and oxygen delivery to decrease to 47% and 42% of baseline. Oxygen extraction, however, doubled and, therefore, oxygen consumption decreased only to 82% of baseline. 相似文献
15.
Blaney BJ McKenzie RA Walters JR Taylor LF Bewg WS Ryley MJ Maryam R 《Australian veterinary journal》2000,78(2):102-107
OBJECTIVE: To establish the aetiology and define the main clinical features of a syndrome characterised by severe feed refusal, death of piglets and reduced milk production in pigs and dairy cattle. DESIGN: Clinical, pathological, toxicological and epidemiological examination of clinical cases in 10 piggeries and 4 dairies, located between 50 and 150 km south-west of Rockhampton. RESULTS: All cases were associated with the feeding of sorghum grain infected with sorghum ergot (Claviceps africana). There was mild to severe feed refusal when the sorghum was first offered. Sows fed ergot before farrowing had shrunken udders, produced no colostrum, and displayed signs of oestrus. All of their piglets died, apparently from starvation: necropsy of a few piglets showed that they were born alive and walked, but had ingested no milk. Sows fed the grain after farrowing had severe reductions in milk production despite aggressive sucking by piglets, leading to very poor growth of piglets. There were no signs of infectious disease. Ergot in sorghum samples ranged from 1 to 31% ergot sclerotes by weight. Total alkaloid concentrations in mixed feeds ranged from 5 to 40 mg/kg, with dihydroergosine accounting for approximately 90%. At the same time, in the same districts, there were reports of feed refusal and reduced milk production from 4 dairy farms. Grain samples from these farms contained up to 17% C africana ergot sclerotia. CONCLUSION: Agalactia and feed refusal are classical signs of poisoning by rye ergot (C purpurea), but this is the first time that sorghum ergot has been associated with a similar syndrome. 相似文献
16.
砂地柏提取物对粘虫和玉米象取食、存活及繁殖的影响 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
利用小叶碟添加法和饲料混药法测定了砂地柏的甲醇提取物对粘虫和玉米象生物活性的影响。结果表明:砂地柏甲醇提取物对粘虫表现出强烈的拒食活性。务处理的总校正死亡率均未超过30%,但试虫在取食了一定量毒叶约12h后,表现出明显的中毒症状。甲醇提取物的2个浓度处理对玉米象成虫的种群形成抑制率均达到80%以上,表现出很强的种群形成抑制作用。丙酮溶剂对玉米象成虫的种群形成有一定影响。 相似文献
17.
WANG Li-hua 《甘肃林业职业技术学院学报》2007,(2)
高职教师的科研意识对高职院校科研工作的发展具有根本性的影响,本文在分析高职教师科研意识现状及其原因的基础上,分别从高职院校和高职教师的角度提出强化和端正高职教师科研意识的应对之策。 相似文献
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19.
Independent selection for seed free tryptophan content and vernalization response in chickpea domestication
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Ruth P. van‐Oss Avi Gopher Zohar Kerem Zvi Peleg Simcha Lev‐Yadun Amir Sherman Hong‐Bin Zhang George Vandemark Clare J. Coyne Ofer Reany Shahal Abbo 《Plant Breeding》2018,137(3):290-300
Chickpea shows a distinct domestication trajectory vis‐a‐vis pod dehiscence and growth cycle mediated by vernalization insensitivity compared with its companion Near Eastern legumes. Our objectives were: (i) to map the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with vernalization response and seed free tryptophan in domesticated × wild chickpea progeny and (ii) estimate the genetic correlation between vernalization response and free tryptophan content. A domesticated × wild chickpea cross was used to document phenotypic segregation in both traits and to construct a skeletal genetic map for QTL detection. A number of vernalization response and seed free tryptophan content QTLs were documented in both F2 and F3 generations. No significant genetic correlation between these two traits was observed. Epistatic relationship between two free tryptophan loci was documented. It is evident that selection for high seed tryptophan is easier to accomplish relative to selection for vernalization insensitivity. This suggests that the two traits were selected independently in antiquity, thereby corroborating earlier claims for conscious selection processes associated with chickpea domestication. 相似文献
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Lori M MacDougall DVM James A Hethey BSc Alex Livingston† BSc BVetMed PhD Diplomate ECVPT FRCVS Christopher Clark‡ BA VetMB MVetSc Diplomate ACVIM Cindy L Shmon DVM MVSc Diplomate ACVS & Tanya Duke-Novakovski BVetMed DVA Diplomate ACVA Diplomate ECVAA 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2009,36(5):512-522