向量平衡问题解集的连通性

通过引入弱上半连续的概念,利用标量化结果研究了向量平衡问题各种解的连通性和道路连通性,推广了Gong X H的相应的结论.     

荔枝蝽的系统解剖及其在测报上的应用

本研究采用蜡盘解剖法,对荔枝蝽的脂肪体、消化道、中肠、马氏管、输精管、卵巢进行系统解剖。提出了卵巢发育的1-5级标准。发现其内部器官的变化与发生状况紧密相关。通过冬季预测、早春预测等发生期与发生量的预测,为荔枝蝽的综合防治提供了准确的放蜂和施药时间。     

Social connectedness in marginal rural China: The case of farmer innovation circles in Zhidan, north Shaanxi

The intrinsic dynamics andinnovative potential of the rural poor in Chinacan be illustrated by the phenomena of farmerinnovation circles (FIC) in north Shaanxi.These are informal networks used by farmers tocollaborate on technology learning andagricultural production. Though not limited tospecific geographic locations, these circlesare particularly important in the marginalareas of rural China where the complexity ofthe geographic environment, the diversity offarmer demands, and the inefficiency of formalagricultural extension networks impede thespread of new agricultural technologies. Socialconnectedness in the form of householdcommunication networks, technology learninggroups, and inter-village links aids people's collective capacity to work together. In thestudy of 50 villages in this remote region, itwas found that households with more connectionswere more likely to adopt a range of newtechnologies (ploughs, varieties, inputs,orchards, afforestation, grazing landrehabilitation), and so had higher income. Adetailed case study shows how collective actioncan lead to environmental improvements thatfurther increase incomes. It is concluded thatif there is to be sustainable development inthe marginal areas of China, then there willclearly need to be closer communication andinteraction between agricultural professionalsand rural communities.     

Annual and herbaceous perennial native Australian plant species are symptomless hosts of Phytophthora cinnamomi in the Eucalyptus marginata (jarrah) forest of Western Australia

Resistant annual and herbaceous perennial plant species were identified as key hosts which allow Phytophthora cinnamomi to persist on severely impacted black gravel sites within the Eucalyptus marginata (jarrah) forest of southwest Western Australia. Of the annual and herbaceous perennial plant species present on black gravel sites, 15 out of 19 species were found to be hosts of P. cinnamomi, and 10 of these were symptomless hosts. In particular, the native annual Trachymene pilosa and the two native herbaceous perennials Stylidium diuroides and Chamaescilla corymbosa were commonly found to be hosts of the pathogen. Species from 12 new genera including three from new families (Crassulaceae, Droseraceae and Primulaceae) are reported for the first time to be hosts of P. cinnamomi. The species from which P. cinnamomi was recovered were the native species: Chamaescilla corymbosa, Crassula closiana, Drosera erythrorhiza, Hydrocotyle callicarpa, Levenhookia pusilla, Paracaleana nigrita, Podotheca angustifolia, Pterochaeta paniculata, Rytidosperma caespitosum, Siloxerus multiflorus, Stylidium diuroides and Trachymene pilosa, and the introduced annual weeds Hypochaeris glabra, Lysimachia arvensis and Pentameris airoides.     

基于改进Credit Metrics模型的商业银行信用风险度量及实证研究

信用风险是我国商业银行面临的主要风险。随着美国金融危机的蔓延,各国银行业已意识到加强信用风险监管的必要性。研究信用风险特征,建立合适的度量模型准确地度量我国商业银行的信用风险,是降低信用风险的必然要求,而Credit Metrics模型以其擅长度量非交易性资产的信用风险而著称。作者首先对Credit Metrics模型加以改进,使用我国的信用评级转移矩阵,其次考虑宏观经济和企业本身的非系统性风险,重新调整信用评级转移矩阵。最后以某家银行为基础,使用Credit Metrics模型进行实证研究,同时对于模型中的部分参数进行修正并对模型加以改进,从而完善Credit Metrics模型在我国商业银行业的应用。     

Can predicted mountain pine beetle net production be used to improve stand prioritization for management?

Stand-level planning of lodgepole pine management can benefit from the use of mountain pine beetle susceptibility-risk model analyses to assign treatment priority. Priority is currently assigned based solely on relative levels of expected volume loss in the event of a mountain pine beetle outbreak. We evaluated the possibility to predict the relative contribution of brood beetles, by infested stands, to the next beetle generation. Existing data were used to develop generalized parameters for inclusion in predictive models of stand-level mortality and brood production. Model output for independent stands achieved a highly significant relationship with measured outcomes of brood productivity, indicating that relative levels of brood production can be predicted and incorporated into decision-models.     

年刈割次数对科尔沁沙地不同秋眠级紫花苜蓿品种产量、品质和越冬率的影响

为明确科尔沁沙地适宜种植苜蓿秋眠级和刈割次数,在内蒙古阿鲁科尔沁旗以不同秋眠级的6个紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa）品种为试验材料,研究不同秋眠级苜蓿品种刈割2次、3次和4次对产量、品质和越冬率的影响。结果表明,随刈割次数的增加,不同秋眠级苜蓿品种越冬率逐渐降低;秋眠级1~3级苜蓿品种年刈割3次总产量最高,秋眠级4~5级苜蓿品种年刈割4次总产量最高;不同刈割次数各茬次间苜蓿品质不同。综合分析得出,在科尔沁沙地灌溉苜蓿种植区,选择秋眠级1~4级的苜蓿品种,年刈割2~3次为宜。     

济南园林水生花卉综合评价及分级

选择合适的园林水生花卉,为日后济南园林水景绿化提供科学合理的依据和指导。采用问卷调查法与专家评价法筛选45种观赏性高的水生花卉,专家对其进行综合评价分级。在2轮专家评价后,其评价的分级结果为：综合评价为Ⅰ级的水生花卉共有12种（黄菖蒲、花菖蒲、菖蒲、红蓼、香蒲、芦苇、芦竹、花叶芦竹、水生美人蕉、再力花、莲（荷花）、睡莲）,在济南园林水景中的应用价值较高;综合评价为Ⅱ级的水生花卉共有16种,综合评价为Ⅲ级的水生花卉共有6种,Ⅱ和Ⅲ级水生花卉应用价值逐渐降低;综合评价为Ⅳ级的水生花卉共有11种（水莎草、磚子苗、水毛花、巴天酸模、石龙芮、水芹、泽芹、苹（田字萍）、狐尾藻、豆瓣菜、眼子菜）,Ⅳ级水生花卉不太适合在济南园林水景中的应用。     

洞庭湖区5个紫花苜蓿品种高温期刈割后的表现

为探讨洞庭湖区紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)在夏季高温刈割后的生长状态及再生产量及品质的品种间差异,对种植一年的5个紫花苜蓿品种于2015年8月1日进行全年第5茬刈割测产,9月21日进行第6茬刈割测产。研究结果发现,秋眠级较高的苜蓿品种WL656、WL903第5茬刈割后再生植株长势和第5茬刈割鲜草产量显著优于秋眠级低的苜蓿品种WL363(P0.05)。第6茬刈割WL903的鲜草产量显著高于其它品种,粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量在品种间存在显著差异,但没有明显变化规律。高秋眠级的WL903和WL712综合表现较好,是可进一步研究的耐热型苜蓿品种。     

印楝木屑压块物理及燃烧特性

研究调查木薯淀粉和阿拉伯树胶粘合印楝木屑制成压块的特性。压块在千斤顶平均压力为10．7kg·cm^-2制成。木屑与粘合剂的重量比分别为：100：15,100：25,100：35和100：45。测试压块的物理和燃烧特性。压块的物理和燃烧特性的变化随粘合剂的种类和粘结剂的水平而变化佃〈0．05）。结果表明：淀粉为粘合剂压制的木屑压块有较好的性能、密度、耐用性、热值、固碳百分率、低灰和低挥发物分别为0．546g·cm^-3、95．93％、33．09MJ·kg^-1、84．70％、3．35％和11．95％;而阿拉伯树胶为粘合剂压制的木屑压块的密度、耐用性、热值、固碳百分率、低灰和低挥发物分别为0．425g·cm^-3、94.85％、32．76MJ·kg^-1、87．30％、4．45％和8．75％。研制压块是为了得到良好的燃料,当木屑与淀粉和阿拉伯树胶为粘合剂的比例分别为100：25和100：35,能得到最佳木屑压块。