汉英词汇内涵差异与外语教学中文化的导入

由于中国文化与英国文化分属两种截然不同的文化。因此，二者之间存在着很大的文化差异。而词汇作为语言的基本单位，是最明显的承载文化信息，反映人类社会文化生活的工具。因此，本文作者从词汇理性意义和文化意义的差异两大方面对词汇的跨文化差异做了一些探讨。目的在于能够从点到面，进一步探讨外语教学中文化导入的问题，并根据教学经验，采用直接解说法、融合法、交际实践法，对比分析法和测试法五种方法来进行文化教学。     

江苏卫生健康职业学院新校区概念性规划方案解读

基于在我国高等教育事业和卫生健康事业不断繁荣的大背景下,医药卫生类高校创建新校区成为当下大趋势。而规划作为校区创建的基本依据,是具有指导性意义的重要内容。江苏卫生健康职业学院新校区概念性规划方案是从多家建筑设计院中遴选出的3种优秀方案,通过对某一种优秀方案进行解读,简要阐述了新校区概况,深入分析了该方案的规划理念和规划策略,以资为同类型大学规划提供参考。     

Nature of the "occluded" low-density fraction in soil organic matter studies: A critical review

Density separations show great promise in elucidating the progression of organic matter decomposition and mineral association in soils. We review the literature on these separations, with a focus on the low-density material released by sonication, the so-called "occluded", "aggregate-protected" or mineral-associated low-density fraction (m-LF). This fraction accounts for up to half of the total C in surface soils. A commonly cited model explains this material as an intermediary (between mineral-free LF and high-density fractions) during the progressive decay of plant detritus accompanied by mineral association. However, the great variance in m-LF compositions (e.g. unusual aliphaticity, high C:N, variable mean residence time) shown in the literature implies a separate genesis for some of the organic matter in this fraction in some soils. Aspects of organic particle size and lipid composition of original plant sources deserve more attention. We propose a revision of the current model that allows for materials of widely varying lability in this pool. A combination of density separation with isotope tracers, detailed chemical characterization and other physical separation techniques are needed to improve models of soil organic matter dynamics linking the density fractions.     

概念复合理论对广告语中汉语熟语翻新的认知阐释

运用Fauconnier和Turner等人提出的概念复合理论和概念整合网络，从认知的层面对广告语中汉语熟语刨新使用的意义构建进行分析。旨在说明概念的合成是一种具有普遍性的认知活动，具有极强的认知阐释力。并且通过分析证明广告语中汉语熟语刨新使用的意义构建可以从认知的角度运用复合理论来阐释，为广告熟语刨新使用的研究提供一种新的研究角度和方法。     

A conceptual model for understanding social practices in family forestry

This paper presents a conceptual model for better understanding of the various aspects or phenomena in family forestry. In this model, land is considered as the basic resource around which work and family life are organised. With the land follows specific property rights, giving the children, as a result of marriage, the right to inheritance. To generate revenue from the capital invested or to increase the value of the property, self-employment in practical work and decision-making is needed. Taxes are charged on the revenue of the property. Gender has an impact on inheritance position, division of work, and pattern of marriage. By connecting these institutions or concepts to each other with threads of social practices, a ‘cobweb model’ is developed which allows the structure of the social reality in family forestry to be visualised. The cobweb model has been applied in order to examine social practices in contemporary Swedish family forestry. Results based on a nationwide survey, reveal significant differences between different forest owner categories regarding the impact of gender, inheritance, marriage, property rights and self-employment. Furthermore, the analytical potential of the model is demonstrated.     

长沙橘子洲风景区环境景观改造概念规划

针对长沙橘子洲风景区的环境景观现状,面向现代城市居民身心再生过程的需要,遵循生态、文化和人本的景观改造规划理念,提出了因地制宜、兼顾历史和现实的橘子洲风景区环境景观改造概念规划,并从地形改造、道路规划、植物配置、建筑设计和驳岸设计几方面进行了分项规划.     

流域水文模型研究进展

流域水文模型是研究流域水文学和水资源管理的重要工具。介绍了系统理论模型、概念性模型和物理模型的应用发展情况和存在的不足。未来的主要研究热点将主要集中在:加强模型的物理基础分析、改进参数优选方法、完善模型结构、增强模拟真实性、增加分布式物理模型适用性;将3S、DEM和ANN等先进技术和工具应用到模型中,集成开发一体化的分布式水文模型,并与其他专业系统模型相耦合建立起模型库集成系统;把水文—气候—社会—经济—生态—环境等耦合成新型的模型系统,更好地满足模拟需要,更真实地反映实际情况,提高模型的精确度。     

概念设计方法及其在农业机械装备研发中的应用

概念设计的核心是创新设计,旨在确定待设计产品具有市场竞争力的新型工作原理。通过运用诸如TRIZ等先进设计原理进行农业机械装备的概念设计,不仅能够有效地加快设计进程,而且更重要的是能够研发出性能完善的优质创新产品。为此,分析了我国农业机械装备的设计特点;讨论了概念设计的基本原理和基本方法;收集了应用概念设计理论进行农业机械装备研发的实例,并对所采用的几种概念设计方法进行了探讨;进而对进行农业机械装备概念设计的一般方法进行了归纳。     

Use of PRZM-3 to validate a laboratory to field degradation conceptual model

The test substance, boscalid, was applied at two field sites, but, depending on how kinetic calculations were performed, the time required for 50% of the initial compound concentration to dissipate (half-life) ranged from 27 to 200 days. Laboratory aerobic soil studies indicated that the DT50 for the compound was about 108 days, and since compound dissipation rates are typically shorter in the field than those observed in the laboratory, confidence in the field half-life calculations was questioned. Researchers have asked whether exposure models might be useful for relating laboratory to field behavior, especially when results are difficult to reconcile between the two systems. In order to determine how realistic field dissipation-time kinetic calculations were, a 60-day DT50 (some masked data), 150-day DT50 and a 196-day rate constant (t1/2) kinetic result were entered into the Pesticide Root Zone Model (PRZM-3) for a California site. A 27-day DT50, and a 200 day t1/2 kinetic result were also entered into the model for a Florida site. Results indicate that using the shortest DT50 solution in PRZM-3 provided the best fit to actual field data. Results from this study suggest that PRZM-3 can be used successfully to address uncertainty between a laboratory conceptual understanding of a compound's behavior and the actual behavior observed in the field.     

英语表量结构建构中的认知机制探析

选取英语中表量结构的基本形式“a(n) N1 of N2 ”为研究对象，从认知角度探析N1量词、N1名词和N1动词分别与无界性的语义焦点N2的组合机制。研究发现，英语表量结构的建构通常有四种方式，即N1量词与N2之间的转喻映射、N1量词的搭配原型（N2′）与N2之间的隐喻映射、N1名词与N2之间的隐喻映射、N1动词与N2之间的概念整合。其中转喻映射形成的表量结构可视为原型，其他三种类型是在原型表量结构的基础上通过隐喻或概念整合依次拓展而成。这说明英语表量结构的建构是在多种认知操作下进行的一种渐变的、有梯度的过程，不同类型的表量结构之间存在着认知理据性。