泛素-蛋白酶体通路在神经系统中的生物学功能

概述了泛素一蛋白酶体通路（ubiquitin—proteasome system，UPS）的组成及其作用机理，着重阐述了其在神经系统中的生物学功能，主要包括UPS在神经元发育、突触的功能、突触的可塑性以及神经性疾病等方面的研究现状，为进一步揭示神经元的生长发育机理以及神经性疾病的研究提供参考。     

蛋鸡舍湿墙降温设施的应用效果分析

通过对某鸡场三种不同的纵向通风与蒸发降温设施在夏季的使用效果的观察，证明纵向通风加湿帘系统在降低鸡舍环境温度、缓解热应激、降低鸡群生产性能下降幅度等方面效果最好。纵向通风与湿墙降温系统也具有一定的效果，从性价比来讲也不失为一种好的环境控制措施。     

用发酵罐制备嗜水气单胞菌疫苗用菌液培养条件的优化

本试验探讨了用发酵罐培养嗜水气单胞菌灭活疫苗生产菌株Ｊ－１株菌液的最佳条件。分别以发酵罐和摇床在不同的培养条件下培养Ｊ－１株制备菌液,前者１２个批次,后者６个批次。比较不同的培养条件对细菌菌体数量及ＨＥＣ毒素产量的影响。结果表明：发酵罐培养优于摇床培养,以产毒素培养基于２８℃发酵罐通气培养Ｊ－１株,培养２８小时效果最佳,培养菌液含菌量达２．９×１０１０ｃｆｕ／ｍｌ,培养液上清的溶血价达２７,发酵液中残糖为０．１２ｇ／Ｌ,符合发酵工艺要求。     

水稻胚乳双向电泳技术体系的优化分析

为比较同一杂交组合不同直链淀粉含量后代在灌浆期胚乳内蛋白表达差异,文章建立了一套适合灌浆期水稻胚乳蛋白的双向电泳技术,探讨了胚乳蛋白的提取、等电聚焦上样量的选择、胶条转移等双向电泳的一些关键技术。结果表明,一次溶解蛋白样品,TCA-丙酮法优于酚法蛋白提取,300μg上样量为最适上样量,能得到清晰、分离效果好、蛋白点数较多的图像。     

动物对应激反应的调节机理综述

应激往往是由多种因素造成的非特异性反应,对动物的健康和生产产生负面影响,它会使动物免疫力下降,增加动物患病的几率.对于猪群来说,饲养场地变换、运输、密度过大、温度过高或过低、疫苗注射、疾病等都可以造成应激.应激反应是动物机体对这些紧张性事件的适应性反应,主要是机体的神经、内分泌等系统对内外环境刺激的系统性反馈,以此来使...     

露地菊‘纽9717’的茎叶离体快繁体系

以露地菊‘纽9717’(Chrysanthemum×grandiflora ‘niu9717’)无菌苗为试验材料, 进行茎段(含腋芽)离体快繁体系和离体叶片不定芽再生体系的研究。结果表明, 最佳茎段增殖培养基为MS+6-BA 0.3 g·L-1+KT 0.5 g·L-1+NAA 0.5 g·L-1, 平均增殖系数为3.2;最佳叶片离体再生培养基为MS+6-BA 2.0 g·L-1+NAA 0.5 g·L-1, 6-BA与NAA组合更有利于愈伤组织分化, 愈伤组织诱导率为100%, 愈伤组织分化率为92.3%, 繁殖系数为8.9, 其中分裂素KT及TDZ不利于愈伤组织诱导及不定芽分化, 生长素2, 4-D能有效诱导愈伤组织, 但抑制不定芽分化;最佳生根培养基为1/2MS+IBA 0.05 g·L-1, 生根率达100%, 平均生根数为12.08, 平均根长1.5 cm, 移栽成活率为100%, 高浓度生长素能诱导根形成但抑制根的伸长。     

北票市畜牧技术推广体系改革与建设项目实施效果及建议

深化基层畜牧技术推广体系改革与建设,旨在提升基层畜牧技术推广体系公共服务能力。北票市畜牧技术推广站通过一系列措施,建立健全新型基层畜牧技术推广服务体系。基层畜牧技术推广体系改革与建设推进了体制机制创新,完善了工作机制,夯实了人才基础,提高了服务效能。通过两年的实践证明,基层畜牧技术推广体系改革与建设项目实施,有效解决了畜牧技术推广服务体系“最后一公里”问题。     

Plasma renin activity and plasma concentrations of aldosterone, cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in healthy cats

A pathogenetic role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system has been implicated in cats in both systemic arterial hypertension and hypokalemic myopathy. Yet, measurement of plasma aldosterone concentrations (PACs) and plasma renin activity (PRA) has not unequivocally pointed to hyperaldosteronism as a cause of these conditions. To obtain appropriate reference ranges, this study included a large number (130) of healthy house cats of different breeds without a history of recent illness and plasma concentrations of urea and creatinine below the upper limit of the respective reference ranges. In addition, the pituitary-adrenocortical axis was studied by measuring plasma concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), and cortisol. Reference ranges for PACs (110-540 pmol/L; 40-195 pg/mL), PRA (60-630 fmol/L/s; 0.3-3 ng/mL/h), and the aldosterone to renin ratio (ARR) (0.3-3.8) were very similar to those established in the same laboratory for humans in a supine position. No breed differences were found. The ARRs in neutered cats were significantly higher than in intact cats, primarily because of low PRA in neutered cats. The ARRs of cats > or = 5 years of age were significantly higher than those of cats < 5 years of age. The plasma concentrations of ACTH, alpha-MSH, and cortisol did not correlate significantly with PAC. Thus, although blood sampling was performed in cats in nonstandardized positions and was associated with a wide variation of stress responses, the references ranges of PAC, PRA, and ARR were similar to the relatively narrow limits established for humans under standardized conditions. The effects of neutering and aging on PRA and ARR warrant further investigation.     

Productivity of different cow genetic groups in dual-purpose cattle production systems in south-eastern Mexico

The objective was to evaluate the effect of cow genetic group, nutritional level and their interaction on some economically important traits of dual-purpose herds managed under field conditions. Nine herds were monitored during a production cycle in Yucatan, Mexico. Herds were grouped into four nutritional levels (NL) based on the metabolizable energy (ME) apparently available on pasture, nutritional management, and milk production. Cows were classified into three genetic groups (GG): low (≤25%), middle (25–75%) and high (≥75%) graded for Bos taurus inheritance. Total milk sold (TMS), days in milk (DIM), TMS adjusted to DIM within each NL (TMSA), body condition score (BCS) at calving, changes of BCS during lactation (CBCS), calf weaning weight (WW), age at weaning (AW), kg of calf weaned per cow (KWC) and calf mortality were studied. The statistical model included the fixed effects of NL, GG, month of calving (MC), parity number (PN) and BCS at calving and GG × NL interaction. The effects of NL, GG, MC, PN and GG × NL were significant (p < 0.05) for TMS, KWC. As expected, TMS increased with NL from 562.4 ± 106 kg for NL1 to 2366.3 ± 100.1 kg for NL4. KWC was greatest for NL2 (138.6 kg) followed by NL1 (135 kg); the lowest KWC corresponded to NL4 (96.0 kg) (p < 0.05). TMS values for the middle (1727 ± 94.7 kg) and the high graded GG (1603.5 ± 83.5 kg) were twice those for the low graded GG cows (828.5 ± 95 kg) (p < 0.05). KWC was also higher for the middle graded group (152.8 kg) than for the low or (104 kg) or the high graded GG (118 kg) (p < 0.05). With better nutrition cows of all GG improved their milk performance but not the calf traits. CBCS was negative for all GG. The highest BCS lost was for cows in NL1 and NL2 and for cows in the high graded GG (p < 0.05).     

Magnetic resonance imaging appearance of the brain and cervical spinal cord in an edema disease affected pig

A 7‐week‐old male pig was presented with signs of a central nervous system disorder. An MRI of the head and cervical spine was performed immediately after euthanasia. The MRI revealed multifocal bilaterally symmetric T2‐weighted hyperintense lesions in the brain and spinal cord, likely due to a toxic metabolic process. Histopathological examination supported the MRI findings and confirmed the diagnosis of edema disease due to Shiga‐like toxin produced by Escherichia coli. This is the first case published of the MRI findings in an edema disease affected pig.