计算机在渔政管理中的应用——捕捞许可证数据库网络系统

作者介绍了《捕捞许可证数据库网络系统》，这是借鉴国内外管理经验提出的，最终实现大连市渔政部门与所属各县区形成一个渔政管理的计算机通讯网络，为进入“全国渔业管理信息系统工程”做基础准备，其目的利用现有渔政设施逐步提高宏观调控能力，循序渐进达到科学化、规范化的管理效果，使渔业生产获取最佳的经济效益和社会效益。     

农村生态型沼气工程设计软件的开发

依据中国农村生态型沼气工程的应用对象和特点，选择庭院经济、生态温室、生态果园3种模式建立了数学模型并开发设计了辅助设计软件。该软件能依据用户的设计要求，经计算绘制整套的沼气工程设计施工图，并具有界面友好、简单易用的特点，同时采用视频形式详细介绍了沼气的施工与维护方法。     

计算机技术在园林绿化中的应用

从网络资源共享、人工智能、3S技术、自动化控制、电子商务、计算机模拟、辅助设计等方面综述了计算机技术在园林绿化中的应用现状。     

油菜高产规律研究与应用

在一定条件下，油菜冬前生长愈好，春后产量愈高，这是冬油菜的重要高产规律。回顾这一规律的研究与应用过程：通过大量的田间调查研究发现规律，通过小区控制试验和统计分析方法进一步证实，并在指导各地大面积高产实践中加以验证。揭示该规律内部各事物之间的本质联系及内在的生物学基础。     

媒体资源在蓄能机组全范围仿真机中的应用

介绍了抽水蓄能机组全范围仿真机中常用媒体资源的主要作用,如文本、声音、图像、图形、动画及视频等,并给出了这些媒体资源在Windows环境下用Visual C 6.0的实现方法,把该方法应用于水力装置系统仿真软件包中,取得了较好的效果。     

针对原木CT图像的一种中值滤波

在对传统的中值滤波和原木CT图像的特点的研究基础上,发现单纯地用中值滤波算法或均值滤波难以同时尽可能地消除混合噪声。针对这一问题,提出了一种改进的自适应中值滤波算法。对于不同的图像区域,算子也相应地有所不同,其中算子中的权值选取依赖于区域的灰度中值,且当某点的灰度越接近灰度中值,其权值就相应地越大。实践证明,新算法的处理结果优于传统的滤波算法和均值滤波,具有准确性和实时性。     

西瓜的需肥特点及施肥技术

西瓜营养丰富,果肉味甜,能降温去暑,是人们喜食的一类水果。西瓜生长过程中需肥量较多,如果营养不足或养分比例不当,会严重影响其产量和品质。在充分了解西瓜的需肥特点之后,提出应根据西瓜的长势、生长规律,注意氮、磷、钾三元素的合理搭配以及有机肥和化肥的互补作用,进行合理施肥,才能取得西瓜的高产。     

Zinc biofortification of maize (Zea mays L.): Status and challenges

Zn deficiency is one of the leading health problems in children and women of developing countries. Different interventions could be used to overcome malnutrition, but biofortification is most impactful, convenient, sustainable and acceptable intervention. Maize is one of the major crops grown and consumed in the regions with prevalent Zn malnutrition; therefore, this is suitable target for Zn biofortification. Zn biofortification of maize could be achieved through agronomic and genetic approaches. Discussion of agronomic approaches with genetic approaches is prerequisite because soils in developing countries are deficit of Zn and availability of Zn in soils is mandatory for estimating the genetic responses of maize genotypes through genetic approaches. Seed priming, foliar and soil applications are agronomic tools for biofortification, but solo and combined applications of these treatments have different effects on Zn enrichment. Genetic approaches include the increase of Zn bioavailability or increase of kernel Zn concentration. Zn bioavailability could be increased by reducing the anti‐nutritional factors or by increasing the bioavailability enhancers. Kernel Zn concentration could be improved through hybridization and selections, whereas genetically engineered attempts for improving Zn uptake from soil, loading in xylem, remobilization in grains and sequestration in endosperm can further improve the kernel Zn concentration. Key challenges associated with dissemination of Zn biofortified maize are also under discussion in this draft. Current review emphasized all of above‐mentioned contents to provide roadmap for the development of Zn biofortified maize genotypes to curb the global Zn malnutrition.     

Male sterility in soybean: Occurrence,molecular basis and utilization

In plants, male sterility (MS) is a specific breeding target trait. With the advancements in agriculture, utilization of heterosis breeding in hybrid production through MS lines has become the main breeding tool of various cross‐pollinated and even self‐pollinated crops. Soybean is an essential source of oil and protein; however, the low yield is a major factor limiting its development. Soybean MS mainly comprises cytoplasmic‐nuclear MS and nuclear/genic MS (NMS/GMS), which can effectively utilize heterosis to improve soybean yield. This review outlines the recent research progress on the development of new genetically MS lines, exploring the underlying molecular mechanism of MS, identification and cloning of MS and fertility restoration genes, and the application of MS lines. We further discussed and prospected the future developmental scenario direction of the soybean MS, based on the previous studies of other crops sterility system. Moreover, this review also provides comprehensive information for better application of MS to soybean breeding programme.     

精密播种制钵机的机构设计及计算机辅助分析

目前,我国农业育苗播种中,所采用的播种制钵机还属于机械化范畴,不具有自动化水平,不能有效实现精密播种需求。为此,分析精密播种制钵机优化设计的需求,并结合Pro/Engineer软件辅助分析,优化了设计参数。结果表明:设计出的精密播种制钵机的机械结构简单、性价比高,降低了使用中钵体的破损率(降低12.0%),提升制钵机工作可靠性(提升2 0.0%),具有较大的经济效益。基于计算机辅助分析方法 ,优化设计精密播种制钵机的机构,可提升精密播种制钵机应用性能。