奶牛MTT比色法的最佳条件探讨

为建立奶牛淋巴细胞增殖反应MTT比色法,对试验条件进行了研究。应用L16(45)正交试验,对影响MTT比色法的四个主要因素,包括ConA浓度、细胞浓度、培养液小牛血清浓度及培养时间进行了比较和探索。试验表明几个因素对其增殖反应都有显著影响(P<0.05),且最佳反应条件为:15μg/mL的ConA、1×106/mL细胞浓度、10%小牛血清及60h的培养时间;影响增殖反应的先后顺序为细胞浓度、ConA浓度、培养时间及血清浓度。     

灰飞虱体内水稻条纹病毒的检测

为评价灰飞虱体内水稻条纹病毒检测方法的适用范围,利用已经制备的水稻条纹病毒(Rice stripe virus,RSV)的多克隆抗体SV21和单克隆抗体3B9,采用多孔板间接ELISA、DIBA和Western blotting等三种方法进行单头灰飞虱Laodelphax striatellus Fallén(SBPH)体内RSV检测。结果表明,检测灵敏度以多孔板间接ELISA最高,其次为DIBA,Western blotting最低;用单克隆抗体3B9检测灵敏度高于多克隆抗体SV21。RT-PCR、IC-RT-PCR和DB-RT-PCR三种方法中,RT-PCR对单头灰飞虱稀释到400倍可检测到病毒;IC-RT-PCR在多克隆抗体SV21稀释浓度大于500倍时检测不出RSV,单克隆抗体3B9稀释浓度大于800倍时检测不到RSV;DB-RT-PCR检测结果显示,单头灰飞虱在稀释400倍后均无阳性反应。     

ELISA法对禽蛋中氯霉素残留量检测

试样中残留的氯霉素与氯霉素酶标记物共同竞争氯霉素抗体,形成有酶标记或无酶标记的抗原抗体复合物而被吸附于微孔底板。用酶标仪在波长450 nm处测定吸光度,根据吸光度得出样品中氯霉素的残留量。对禽蛋中氯霉素残留量进行测定,并对其加标回收率、再现性、重复性进行了分析研究,均能够达到国际氯霉素残留量的检测要求。     

应用TaqMan-MGB探针进行松材线虫的实时荧光定量检测技术研究

 松材线虫是国际公认的最重要的检疫性有害生物之一,也是我国2类检疫危险性有害生物,我国口岸多次从货物的木质包装中截获该线虫。由于松材线虫与拟松材线虫在形态上极其相似,难以区分,幼虫更无法用于鉴定。传统的形态学鉴定、生化以及其他分子技术等方法存在费时、准确度不高、灵敏度低等缺点,不易形成标准。我们设计筛选一对引物以及一条MGB探针,对松材线虫进行实时荧光PCR检测。建立了一条从1 pg到10⁴pg标准曲线,相关系数r=0.965。该检测方法省时、准确、快速、无污染。     

Cobalt reduces nitrate inhibition of nodulation in mungbean (Vigna radiata)

 A cobalt-mediated decrease in ethylene production reduced the inhibition of nodulation by nitrate in Vigna radiata (mungbean). Nitrate increased the ethylene production in 5-day-old seedlings, while it caused a reduction in the nodulation status (nodule number and nodule weight) and nodule efficiency (acetylene reduction activity) in mungbean plants. The application of cobalt chloride inhibited nitrate-affected ethylene production and also decreased the inhibitory effect of nitrate on nodulation. The effect of cobalt was most marked on nodule number. Received: 6 August 1999     

母鼠孕期和哺乳期连续染毒双酚A对子代雄鼠睾丸发育的影响

旨在探究双酚A (BPA)对子代雄鼠睾丸发育的影响。本研究将8周龄体重18～22 g的SPF级母鼠随机分为7组,每组4个重复,每个重复5只,A组每天给予普通蒸馏水,B组每天饮水给予0.05 mg·kg^-1 BPA,C组每天饮水给予0.5 mg·kg^-1 BPA组,D组每天饮水给予5 mg·kg^-1 BPA,E组每天饮水给予10 mg·kg^-1 BPA,F组每天饮水给予20 mg·kg^-1 BPA,G组每天饮水给予50 mg·kg^-1 BPA。F0代母鼠自怀孕起直至F1代子鼠断奶止饮水染毒BPA,F1代雄鼠于断奶(21日龄)处死。ELISA结果显示,母鼠染毒BPA剂量5 mg·kg^-1以上时,子代血清和睾丸组织BPA含量显著增加(P<0.05)。睾丸器官指数测定结果证明,染毒BPA剂量大于等于20 mg·kg^-1可导致子代雄鼠睾丸指数显著增大(P<0.05)。H&E染色显示,母鼠染毒BPA剂量大于等于10 mg·kg^-1可导致睾丸生精小管萎缩,小管间隙变大。彗星试验结果证明,染毒BPA大于等于5 mg·kg^-1可使子代睾丸细胞核DNA损伤显著上升(P<0.05)。免疫组化结果显示,母鼠染毒BPA剂量大于等于20 mg·kg^-1时子代睾丸雄激素受体(AR)表达量显著减少(P<0.05)。转录组测序结果显示,母鼠染毒50 mg·kg^-1BPA后子代雄鼠睾丸剪切体代谢通路U5 snRNA亚基编码基因Snrnp40上调,剪切体通用蛋白组件编码基因Hnrnpu下调,导致mRNA转录后修饰第一步受阻,荧光定量PCR结果与转录组测序结果一致,证实了转录组结果。结果表明,母鼠暴露于低剂量BPA可以引起子代睾丸发育异常,其分子机制可能与剪切体进行mRNA转录后修饰第一步反应受阻有关。     

Bovine herpesvirus 4-associated postpartum metritis in a Spanish dairy herd

In more than 10 Spanish dairy cows, a bovine herpesvirus 4 (BHV4) associated postpartum metritis was confirmed by virus isolation, BHV4-glycoprotein B (gB) PCR and/or serology. In this study, 12 cows with, and, at the time of sampling, 3 cows without clinical signs of acute postpartum metritis from one large dairy herd in Spain were examined for bacterial and viral infections. Blood, placenta/caruncles and uterine contents were collected between day 1 and day 20 post-calving, and examined for the presence of bacteria and for viruses by virus isolation, BHV4 DNA by BHV4-gB PCR and/or BHV4 antibody titres. Bovine herpesvirus 4 was detected in 83% of the cases with clinical signs of acute postpartum metritis by virus isolation and/or BHV4-gB PCR. An increase of BHV4 antibodies was detected in all examined postpartum metritis cows and in the 3 cows without clinical metritis. Two of these 3 cows developed severe metritis a few dayss after collecting the first blood sample. A concurrent infections of BHV4 and bacteria, mainly Arcanobacterium pyogenes and Streptococcus sp., were detected in 73% of the examined uterine contents collected from postpartum metritis affected cows. This case-report study showed a clear association between BHV4 infections and acute postpartum metritis in dairy cows. In addition, the BHV4-associated postpartum metritis appeared to be an emerging syndrome in this Spanish herd.     

大黄芩鱼复方中草药泡腾片制备工艺的优化

为优化制备大黄芩鱼复方中草药泡腾片的工艺,本试验采用湿法分别制备酸性粒和碱性粒,以综合评分为评价指标,利用单因素及响应面试验优选制备泡腾片的最优工艺。结果显示:大黄芩鱼复方中草药泡腾片最优的制备工艺为泡腾崩解剂用量为60%、酸碱比为0.5:1、PEG-6000用量为4.5%、甘露醇用量为1%,且pH、崩解时限、发泡量等均符合药典中对泡腾片的质量检查要求。