瑞利衰落信道下认知无线电脉冲波形调制技术研究

提出一种用于瑞利衰落信道的认知无线电脉冲波形调制(PSM)方案。该方案采用多小波包滤波器组来构造正交脉冲,允许时域和频域的重叠,具有较高的灵活性和频带利用率,并可利用频率分集来提高抗衰落性能。仿真结果表明,基于多小波包的PSM方案不仅符合FCC模板的要求,而且具有比单小波方案更高的抗衰落性能。     

外语教师对课堂互动的认知误区分析

讨论了外语课堂互动的理论依据和课堂互动对二语习得的影响,分析了外语教师对课堂互动的认知误区,这些误区包括：把课堂互动等同于行为互动;重交际教学,忽视语法教学;过分强调输出,忽略影响输出效果的因素;对互动任务设置的复杂性缺乏认识。在此基础上提出了外语课堂有效互动的评判标准,即是否促进了学习者的外语学习。     

从构式语法视角尝试英语虚拟语气的认知研究

构式是集语义、句法和语用知识为一体的框架的具体体现,它的整体性、经济性和能产性为虚拟语气的研究提供了一个新的进路。从构式视角研究虚拟语气,可以看到以前看不到的问题,可以有效解决它的分类问题,更加透彻理解它的本质,有助于虚拟语气的认知教学。虚拟语气是一种动词形式的说法过于简单,构式才是它的归宿。构式赋予了虚拟语气形式和意义匹配的象征理据。没有构式,虚拟语气也就变得不可能难以理解。虚拟构式的形式本质是 “从属”,意义本质在 “拟”而不在 “虚”。     

“where”到底在哪里？——浅谈中西交流中礼貌用语的翻译

中西文化的截然不同造成了中西方人所特有的认知语境的差异,这种差异便形成了中西交流中的障碍,也给翻译,尤其是交流中的礼貌用语的翻译提出了难题。本文试图借助于关联理论的工具,提出中西交流中礼貌用语的翻译策略：（1）使用恰当的认知语境知识,对原交际者的信息意图进行正确地推理和分析;（2）采取异化手段,顺应译语接受者的文化心理和接受期待,以传达原交际者的意图为旨归;（3）补足认知语境,让译语接受者习得异国文化习俗。     

关联理论关照下的话语理解

Sperber 和 Wilson 从认知科学的角度对话语交际进行了有效探讨, 提出了以明示推理原则为根基的关联理论。在话语实践中, 交际双方通常凭借认知语境与最佳关联的有效介入来实现话语的准确理解, 从而达到成功交际的目的。     

家具制造作业体力负荷对认知能力的影响

近年来家具信息化制造水平显著提升,但由于不同类型和规模的家具企业自动化程度有所差异,绝大部分工人生产作业仍普遍采用体力和脑力劳动并存的作业模式,这势必会导致工人的体力与脑力双重疲劳.作业疲劳不仅会引发职业健康风险,还会严重影响作业绩效,甚至导致重大人因失误.在作业疲劳研究中,工人脑力疲劳的研究成为重点,而认知能力是衡量...     

Effect of anesthesia depth with Narcotrend monitoring on cognitive function after gastrointestinal tumor surgery in elderly patients

AIM: To determine the correlation of anesthesia depth and the regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO₂) under the monitoring of Narcotrend (NT), and its predictive value for post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in senior patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumor surgery. METHODS: From June 2018 to June 2019, 90 elderly patients who were scheduled for gastrointestinal tumor surgery were enrolled. The depth of anesthesia was monitored with Narcotrend index (NTI), and the rSO₂ was evaluated by the near-infrared spectroscopy throughout the intraoperative periods. Cognitive function of the patients was evaluated by using mini-mental state examination (MMSE) 24 h after surgery. RESULTS: The patients (n=25) were diagnosed with POCD at 24 h after surgery. The patients with POCD had significantly longer duration of NTI<35 than that in non-POCD patients (P<0.05). Moreover, there was significantly longer duration of ΔrSO₂>13% to baseline and rSO₂<55%. The duration of NTI<35 was highly correlated with the duration of ΔrSO₂>13% to baseline (r=0.62, 95% CI=0.35~0.89, P=0.004). The serum S100β level in POCD group was significantly higher than that in non-POCD patients, while there was no statistically difference with respect to the serum level of interleukin-6 (IL-6). CONCLUSION: Deep anesthesia was likely to exacerbate the imbalance of cerebral oxygen supply and consumption in elderly surgical patients, which might further cause the injury of central nervous system. Narcotrend-guided anesthesia might have beneficial effects on the prevention of POCD especially in elderly patients.     

The Emerging Evidence for a Protective Role of Fucoidan from Laminaria japonica in Chronic Kidney Disease-Triggered Cognitive Dysfunction

This study aimed to explore the mechanism of fucoidan in chronic kidney disease (CKD)-triggered cognitive dysfunction. The adenine-induced ICR strain CKD mice model was applied, and RNA-Seq was performed for differential gene analysis between aged-CKD and normal mice. As a result, fucoidan (100 and 200 mg kg⁻¹) significantly reversed adenine-induced high expression of urea, uric acid in urine, and creatinine in serum, as well as the novel object recognition memory and spatial memory deficits. RNA sequencing analysis indicated that oxidative and inflammatory signaling were involved in adenine-induced kidney injury and cognitive dysfunction; furthermore, fucoidan inhibited oxidative stress via GSK3β-Nrf2-HO-1 signaling and ameliorated inflammatory response through regulation of microglia/macrophage polarization in the kidney and hippocampus of CKD mice. Additionally, we clarified six hallmarks in the hippocampus and four in the kidney, which were correlated with CKD-triggered cognitive dysfunction. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of fucoidan in the treatment of CKD-triggered memory deficits.     

农产品质量安全消费者满意评价影响因素分析——来自浙江的调查

以2008年三聚氰胺事件为起点,改善消费者满意评价成为政府农产品质量安全管理的重要目标之一。文章构建了农产品质量安全消费者满意评价指标,利用浙江2019年13县1 910份拦截式调查数据,通过两类4个计量模型对比分析了其主要影响因素。研究发现,浙江农产品质量安全消费者满意评价处在较高水平,县级属地管理履职效力在改善农产品质量安全消费者满意评价中起到了核心作用,消费者自身的农产品质量安全认知水平与知晓程度也对其满意评价产生正向影响;来自农贸市场的消费者满意评价要高于来自超市的消费者满意评价,在当地居住时间越长的消费者满意评价更高;年龄越高与受教育水平越高的消费者其满意评价则更加谨慎。因此,我国政府应抓住农产品质量安全舆情改善契机,深入推进农产品质量安全属地管理,提升消费者农产品质量安全认知水平,重点针对年长人群和外来人口在工作宣传方面发挥积极作用。     

小城镇消费者对农产品质量安全的认知与问题分析——以湖南省桃江县为例

对湖南省桃江县县城175名消费者进行随机调查,分析消费者对桃江县农产品质量安全状况的总体认识及其对安全认证农产品的认知和购买情况,提出了促进农产品质量安全体系发展的措施。