北五味子主要性状的遗传参数及相关性研究

对辽宁省本溪县北五味子示范园内三年生成熟期北五味子主要性状的遗传参数及性状间遗传相关性分析,并在遗传相关的基础上对产量性状进行逐步回归和通径分析。遗传参数分析结果表明：果穗数、平均穗重、产量、地茎、穗粒数的变异系数较大,育种选择潜力大。遗传相关分析结果表明：产量及果穗数分别与地茎呈极显著、显著正相关,与比叶重间呈极显著负相关。逐步回归分析表明：对产量贡献较大的性状主要有果穗数、平均穗重、果穗长和比叶重,其中比叶重对产量为负向效应。通径分析结果表明：与产量主要相关的5个性状中果穗数对产量的直接正向效应值最大,总间接正向效应值最小;果穗数对产量的直接效应为正,总间接效应为负,且直接效应绝对值大于总间接效应;果穗长与地茎对产量的直接与间接效应均为正向,且总间接效应大于直接效应;比叶重对产量的直接效应与间接效应值均为负,直接效应与间接效应数值相差不大。     

腐殖酸与生物质碳对土壤磷素活化及无机磷形态转化的影响

[目的]探究腐殖酸、生物质碳对土壤磷素活化及无机磷形态转化的影响,为增效磷肥的研发提供理论依据.[方法]以腐殖酸、生物质碳为试验材料,以1、2 g/kg 土的配比与磷肥及供试土壤充分混匀,进行持续60 d的土壤培养试验,以研究腐殖酸与生物质碳对土壤磷素活化及无机磷各形态转化的影响.[结果]与CK2、CK1相比,施用腐殖...     

基于随机系数累加多层统计模型的香蕉产业组织模式绩效研究

利用随机系数累加多层统计模型对我国香蕉产业组织模式绩效进行实证分析,并从亩产量和收入两方面对不同香蕉产业组织模式的绩效进行比较,从而得出产业组织结合越紧密绩效越高的结论,并进一步提出促进我国香蕉产业组织化发展的对策建议.     

基于因子分析与模糊数学的福建

在问卷调查的基础上,运用统计分析、因子分析及模糊综合评判等方法对福建农林大学校园环境质量进行了具体分析和评价.评价因子的均值显示校园总体质量一般.不同专业、性别和居住位置的学生对各评价因子的评价存在一定的差异,某些主观因素会对环境质量评价结果产生影响.对28个评价因子进行旋转分析得到10个主因子,依次为环境意象因子、景观可视因子、环境安全因子、人文环境因子、生活交通因子、环境卫生因子、建筑因子、物理环境因子、交通便利性因子及校门可达性因子,它们是影响被调查者对环境评价的主要因子.模糊综合评价结果显示福建农林大学校园总体环境质量评价等级为E3级,即"一般",今后福建农林大学环境质量在总体上还有待提高,尤其应重点加强校园人文环境建设.     

种间关联参数在Microsoft Excel 2003中的实现——Spearman秩相关分析

种间关联分析是认识植物群落的重要基础。针对种间关联参数计算过程复杂、繁琐、易错等特点,以Spearman秩相关分析为例,提出利用Microsoft Excel 2003的基本功能进行数据处理,快速高效地计算出Spearman秩相关值参数,对其他常用的种间关联参数的计算具有推广性。     

Stability analysis for bollworm complex in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Gossypium hirsutum</Emphasis> L.

One approach to improve cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) yield is to identify stable genotypes for low or no bollworms damage as it accounts low cost of cultivation to a considerable extent. The objective of the study was to identify stable genotypes for low bollworms damage under protected and unprotected experiments. Fifty cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotypes were evaluated for open bollworms damage percent (spotted, pink and Heliothis bollworms) for 3 years during 2003–2005 under protected and unprotected conditions. Variance due to genotypes, environments, genotype × environment and genotype × environment (linear) components were highly significant for the trait in protected and unprotected experiments. Under protected experiment, genotypes CSH 3020 and 3045 were found to be desirable and stable while genotype CSH 3058 was suited for poor environments. Fourteen genotypes viz. CSH 3034, 3035, 3043, 3044, 3047, 3051, 3053, 3058, 3059, 3094, 3106, 3114, 3123 and CSH-3157 were fairly stable under unprotected environments. The study lead to the conclude that in general for the two experiments the genotypes differed for stability for low bollworms damage.     

Influence analysis of fuel quality on engine emission performance

Quality, composition, and characteristics of fuel from 7 areas of P. R. China were analyzed. Fuel quality factors influencing engine emission performance were studied. Using fuel from the HuaZhong and XiNan areas, engine COx, HC, and NOx emissions were tested by adjusting the excess air coefficient and the advanced ignition angle. In light of the characteristics of aromatic hydrocarbon and alkenes of fuel from different areas in P. R. China, we have shown engines can operate smoothly and engine emissions can be decreased when the excess air coefficient and the advanced ignition angle are properly adjusted.     

Light interception and radiation use efficiency in temperate quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) cultivars

Sea level quinoas are grown at low altitudes in Central and Southern Chile. Both sensitivity to photoperiod and response to temperature largely determine quinoa adaptation, but crop biomass production must be quantified to evaluate agronomic performance. The objectives of this work are: (i) to characterize development effects on leaf area evolution for genotypes of sea level quinoa differing in cycle length, (ii) to quantify the extinction coefficient (k) for photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and radiation use efficiency (RUE) from emergence up to the beginning of grain filling and (iii) to identify which crop attributes related to canopy architecture should be considered to improve biomass production. Four cultivars (NL-6, RU-5, CO-407 and Faro) were cropped in Pergamino (33°56′S, 60°35′W, 65 m a.s.l.), Argentina, at three densities (from 22 to 66 plants m⁻²) in two consecutive years under field conditions with adequate water and nutrient supply. Thermal time to first anthesis and maximum leaf number on the main stem were linearly correlated (r² = 0.87; p < 0.0001). Leaf area continued to increase during the flowering phase, notably in NL-6, the earliest genotype. There were significant differences in maximum plant leaf area between cultivars. Increasing density reduced plant leaf area but effects were comparatively small. Estimated k was 0.59 ± 0.02 across genotypes and was higher (p < 0.05) for 66 plants m⁻². Values for RUE changed as cumulative intercepted PAR (IPAR) increased; at initial stages of development RUE was 1.25 ± 0.09 g MJ IPAR⁻¹, but if cumulative IPAR was higher than 107.5 ± 10.4 MJ IPAR m⁻², RUE was 2.68 ± 0.15 g MJ IPAR⁻¹. That change occurred when leaf area index (LAI) and fraction of PAR intercepted were still low and ranged from 0.61 to 1.38 and from 0.33 to 0.51, respectively. No significant association was found with any developmental stage. Our results agreed to the notion that RUE variation during pre-anthesis phases is largely determined by LAI through its effect on radiation distribution within the canopy. Biomass production could be improved if periods of interception below 50% of incoming PAR were reduced to ensure high RUE. This seems to be possible in temperate areas both by the use of late genotypes with a higher number of leaves on the main stem and by early genotypes provided adequate plant density is chosen. Early increment in LAI and overlapping of the leaf area increase period with the flowering phase are desirable strategies for earliest genotypes to maximize yield.     

湖北省三次产业的就业情况分析——基于数据函数性特征方法

使用1978～2005年湖北省三次产业就业情况调查数据,采用函数性数据分析方法对湖北省产业就业情况的面板数据进行分析。研究结果表明随着我国产业结构的调整,各产业情况发生较大变化,整体就业容纳能力有所增加,其中第一产业,第三产业在产业结构中起主要作用。     

Study of gene effects for cotton yield and Verticillium wilt tolerance in cotton plant (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Verticillium wilt (VW), caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb., is a destructive disease of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). The use of resistant cultivars has long been considered the most practical and effective mean of control. The aim of this work was to study the quantitative genetic basis of Verticillium wilt resistance in Upland cotton by using five genotypes and their possible crosses without reciprocals selecting simultaneously for resistance and desirable agronomic characteristics. Five cotton cultivars and 10 F1s from half-diallel crosses were analyzed for VW resistance. The seed cotton yield, the number of bolls/ plant, and boll weight were measured and Verticillium wilt index (VWI) was estimated during two crop seasons in two different sites each year always on plots with naturally infested soil. Genetic components of variance were analyzed using the Hayman model. Analysis of variance for all characters showed significant differences between genotypes, without genotype-site interaction in most cases. Both, additive genetic variance component (D) and dominance genetic variance components (H1 and H2) were presented in all characters, except for VWI. D was the most important component for boll weight and VWI. Boll weight was the most correlated character with seed cotton yield and VWI. Broad sense heritability was high for boll weight and VWI, moderate for seed cotton yield and low for bolls per plant. Narrow sense heritability was moderate for boll weight, and high for VWI.