向日葵菌核病菌的生长发育和侵染循环

向日葵菌核病菌的萌发和子囊盘形成的最适温度是10~25℃,最适土壤相对湿度80%~90%,良好的通气条件。菌核的萌发不需要光,但子囊盘的形成需要一定的散射光。菌核在最适宜的条件下的萌发,子囊盘柄的长度最长不超过8 cm。因此,秋季深翻灭茬,可有效防止第二年菌核病的发生。     

固氮球形芽孢杆菌与巨大芽孢杆菌的混合增效作用

球形芽孢杆菌Bs7与巨大芽孢杆菌Bm1 0 1混合培养时具有固氮增效作用。稀释 40 0倍的巨大芽孢杆菌的无菌上清液与球形芽孢杆菌共培养 ,同样能增强后者的固氮活性。Bs7(pAB5 76 )在纯培养时的nifA表达活性为 6 849 5Miller单位 ,与巨大芽孢杆菌上清培养液进行混合培养时的表达活性为 75 0 0 4Miller单位。上述结果表明 :某些微量非碳源的活性分泌物和某些固氮调节基因可能在固氮增效作用中起重要作用。在与水稻联合培养条件下 ,混合接种球形芽孢杆菌与巨大芽孢杆菌可以提高固氮菌在水稻根表的定殖能力     

Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal status of various crops in different agricultural soils of northern Greece

Summary This paper reports the results of a survey of the occurrence of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas and spores of the associated fungi in a variety of soils in Northern Greece. The roots of several crop species were examined for the presence of mycorrhizal structures and all samples showed evidence of infection, though to varying degrees. Cotton plants, in particular, had heavy arbuscular infection. Intact and presumably viable spores were relatively infrequent and empty non-viable spores were much more common. Soil characteristics at each sample site are reported also, but only broad generalizations are made at this stage with respect to correlations between mycorrhizal occurrence and edaphic factors.     

烟叶烘烤过程中白粉病菌的侵染情况

为了探究烟叶采后白粉病菌在烘烤过程中的侵染情况,以烟草品种南江3号为材料,研究了不同寄主植物白粉病菌对烟叶的侵染情况。结果表明:不同寄主植物的白粉病菌成活率和侵染率以烟草白粉病菌最高,分别为66.7%~88.9%和50.0%~88.9%,烟田周边的植物中,羊蹄、水蛇麻、风轮菜、地雷花和葵花上的白粉病菌均能侵染烟叶导致烟叶白粉病,侵染率为5.6%~50.0%,以地雷花的侵染率最高,达50%;在烟叶烘烤过程中,烟草、地雷花、风轮菜、葵花和水蛇麻上的白粉病菌只能在散叶堆放阶段和鲜烟装炕阶段侵染烟叶,侵染率为5.6%~88.9%,在烟叶烘烤的后续阶段不能感染。     

龙眼果实潜伏性病原真菌的初步研究

采用快速、简便的果肉分离法，从健康龙眼果实中分离潜伏侵染的真菌。经形态和致病性鉴定，2个分离频率较高的潜伏侵染真菌为龙眼拟茎点霉[Phomopsis longanae Chi]和可可毛色二孢[Lasiodiplodia theobromae（Pat．）Griff．＆ Maubl．]；不同发育阶段的龙眼果实分离结果表明，龙眼拟茎点霉在花期RH可侵染，而可可毛色二孢主要在龙眼果实膨大期侵染。研究结果为制定龙眼果实采后病害综合防治策略提供依据。     

猪伪狂犬病与细小病毒病混合感染的诊治报告

本文报告了一起猪伪狂犬病和细小病毒病混合感染的诊治病例。该场出现母猪产死胎、木乃伊胎、流产、死产和初生仔猪发病死亡现象，用疫苗预防和中西药结合治疗等综合防治措施取得了较好的疗效。     

检测脑脊液细胞因子水平对化脓性脑膜炎与病毒性脑炎鉴别诊断的价值

目的 :了解中枢神经系统 (CNS)感染性疾病患儿脑脊液中细胞因子水平对化脓性脑膜炎与病毒性脑炎的鉴别诊断价值。方法 :采用双抗体夹心ELISA法检测化脓性脑膜炎、病毒性脑炎和非CNS感染性疾病患儿脑脊液中的G CSF、TNF α、IL 8和sIL 2R水平 ,观察它们与粒细胞、蛋白含量和糖定量间的相关性并对它们在不同疾病组脑脊液中的水平进行比较。结果 :中枢神经系统 (CNS)感染性疾病患儿脑脊液中的G CSF、IL 8、sIL 2R与粒细胞计数呈正相关 (P均 <0 .0 5 ) ;化脓性脑膜炎组脑脊液中G CSF、IL 8明显高于病毒性脑炎组 (P均 <0 .0 1) ,而TNF α、sIL 2R与病毒性脑炎组的差异无显著性 (P均 >0 .0 5 )。病毒性脑炎组脑脊液中的TNF α、sIL 2R均高于对照组 (P均 <0 .0 1) ,而G CSF、IL 8与对照组的差异无显著性 (P均 >0 .0 5 )。结论 :脑脊液中G CSF、IL 8水平对化脓性脑膜炎与病毒性脑炎的鉴别诊断有一定的价值     

Interactions amongst Mycorrhiza,Azotobacter chroococcum and Root Characteristics of Wheat Varieties

A field experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with three replications over 2 years to evaluate the effect of wheat cultivar and dual inoculation of Azotobacter chroococcum (Azc) and arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF, Glomus fasciculatum) on root characters and AMF infection in three crosses of wheat. The experimental material comprised four wheat parents, WH‐147, WH‐157, WH‐542 and PBW‐175, and three F₁ crosses, WH‐147 ×WH‐157, WH‐147 × WH‐542 and WH‐147 × PBW‐175. Comparison of treatment averages, i.e. control (mineral nutrients 60 kg N + 30 kg P₂O₅ + 12.5 kg ZnSO₄ ha^?1, as in other two treatments), AMF and AMF + Azc, revealed that inoculation of Azc led to an increase in AMF infection in roots. Maximum root biomass was obtained in F₁ hybrids WH‐147 × WH‐157 in the AMF treatment and in WH‐147 × PBW‐175 receiving AMF + Azc. Total root length and AMF infection of roots was maximum in WH‐147 × PBW‐175 for all the treatments during both years. A positive association between AMF infection in roots and Azotobacter survival in the rhizosphere was apparent. Similarly, maximum A. chroococcum counts were observed 80 and 120 days after sowing in the AMF + Azc treatment in cross WH147 × PBW175.     

安徽省某鸡场鸡隐孢子虫感染情况调查

对安徽省某鸡场 2 0 0份粪样采用金胺 -酚改良抗酸染色法进行隐孢子虫感染情况调查 ,结果表明 ,肉鸡感染率为19.4 % (35 / 180 ) ,肉种鸡感染率为 2 0 .0 % (4/ 2 0 )。所获虫体经鉴定为火鸡隐孢子虫 (Cryptosporidium meleagridis)。经卡方检验 ,肉鸡和肉种鸡隐孢子虫感染率间差异不显著 (P>0 .0 5 )