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51.
52.
Kazuki NAKASHIMA Itoko NONAKA Shigehiko MASAKI Makoto YAMAZAKI Hiroyuki ABE 《Animal Science Journal》2004,75(4):353-360
The effect of heat stress on protein oxidation and myofibrillar proteolysis in chick myotubes was investigated. Myotubes were incubated at 37 or 41°C for 6 and 24 h. Protein carbonyl content, as an index of protein oxidation, increased more at 41°C than at 37°C for 6 and 24 h incubations. Nτ‐methylhistidine release as an index of myofibrillar proteolysis also increased more at 41°C than at 37°C for 6 and 24 h incubations. Proteasome activity also increased more under those same conditions. Calpain and cathepsin D but not B + L activities showed a greater increase at 41°C than at 37°C for 24 but not the 6 h incubation. These results indicate that heat stress increases protein oxidation and proteasome activity, resulting in an increase in myofibrillar proteolysis for short‐term incubation and, for long‐term incubation, it increases calpain, proteasome and cathepsin D activities, finally accelerating myofibrillar proteolysis in chick myotubes. 相似文献
53.
Kunio SUGAHARA Mako MATSUMOTO Motoko YAMADA Fumiaki YAOSHIZAWA Yutaka KARASAWA 《Animal Science Journal》2004,75(5):431-434
In order to determine the role of the cecum on energy use in growing chickens, metabolizability of the dietary energy and energy expenditure were examined in the week following bilateral ligation and washing out of the cecum. Apparent metabolizable energy (AME) values were 14.30 and 13.69 kJ/g air‐dry matter for sham‐operated and cecally ligated chickens, respectively. These values were found to be significantly different (P < 0.05). Although AME intake and fasting heat production were decreased by cecal ligation, the distribution of AME (measured as fasting and feeding heat production, as well as heat increment and energy retention, as a proportion of AME intake) was not affected. These results suggest that the cecum helps chickens extract AME from corn‐soybean type diets with little, if any, effect on AME use, based on the present study of growing chickens in the week following cecal ligation. 相似文献
54.
硒和维生素E在热应激猪自由基代谢中的作用 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
在平均温度为 (34.89± 5 .6 2 )℃的猪舍内 ,选择 10 0日龄长大二元杂交商品生长猪 (去势公猪 ) 4 0头 ,随机分为 4组 ,通过日粮添加不同水平的硒 (Se)和维生素 E(VE)作为对照组、低水平组、中水平组和高水平组 ,测定与自由基代谢有关的血清丙二醛 (malondialdehyde,MDA )含量、超氧化物歧化酶 (superoxide dismutase,SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (glutathione- peroxidase,GSH- Px)活性。结果表明 ,补充 Se和 VE 可降低 (P<0 .0 5 )或显著降低 (P<0 .0 1)血清MDA含量 ;升高 (P<0 .0 5 )或显著升高 (P<0 .0 1)血清 SOD和 GSH- Px活性 ,从而证明 Se和 VE可减少热应激猪体内自由基的数量 ,缓解猪热应激时的自由基损伤 ,提高猪抗热应激的能力 相似文献
55.
野外放归大熊猫肠道菌群变化的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对四川卧龙中国保护大熊猫研究中心的一只野外放归亚成体大熊猫肠道菌群的组成和季节变化规律进行了研究,同时与其圈养双胞胎兄弟的肠道菌群进行了比较。从放归大熊猫粪便中分离出17种肠道菌,优势菌群为肠杆菌、肠球菌和乳杆菌。与圈养大熊猫相比,放归大熊猫肠道菌群中优势菌群的种类未发生改变,但是肠球菌数量增加,肠杆菌和乳杆菌的数量减少。研究发现放归大熊猫肠道菌群中的肠杆菌和肠球菌的数量随季节变化有较大波动,乳杆菌的数量随季节变化波动不大;而圈养大熊猫三种优势菌的数量随季节变化波动都不大。 相似文献
56.
A comparison of two sources of methionine supplemented at different levels on heat shock protein 70 expression and oxidative stress product of Peking ducks subjected to heat stress
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L. Guo R. Li Y. F. Zhang T. Y. Qin Q. S. Li X. X. Li Z. L. Qi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(1):e147-e154
57.
Effects of concentrate‐to‐forage ratios and 2‐methylbutyrate supplementation on ruminal fermentation,bacteria abundance and urinary excretion of purine derivatives in Chinese Simmental steers
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C. Wang Q. Liu G. Guo W. J. Huo C. X. Pei S. L. Zhang H. Wang 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(4):901-909
This study evaluated the effects of dietary concentrate levels and 2‐methylbutyrate (2MB ) supplementation on performance, ruminal fermentation, bacteria abundance, microbial enzyme activity and urinary excretion of purine derivatives (PD ) in steers. Eight ruminally cannulated Simmental steers (12 months of age; 389 ± 3.7 kg of body weight) were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Moderate‐concentrate (400 g/kg diet [MC ]) or high‐concentrate (600 g/kg diet [HC ]) diets were fed with or without 2MB (0 g/day [2MB ?] or 15.0 g/day [2MB +]). Dry matter intake and average daily gain increased, but feed conversion ratio decreased with the HC diet or 2MB supplementation. Ruminal pH decreased, but total volatile fatty acid increased with the HC diet or 2MB supplementation. Molar proportion of acetate and acetate‐to‐propionate ratio decreased with the HC diet, but increased with 2MB supplementation. Propionate molar proportion and ruminal NH 3‐N content increased with the HC diet, but decreased with 2MB supplementation. Neutral detergent fibre degradability decreased with the HC diet, but increased with 2MB supplementation. Crude protein degradability increased with the HC diet or 2MB supplementation. Abundance of Ruminococcus albus , Ruminococcus flavefaciens , Fibrobacter succinogenes and Bufyrivibrio fibrisolvens as well as activities of carboxymethyl cellulase, cellobiase, xylanase and pectinase decreased with the HC diet, but increased with 2MB supplementation. However, abundance of Prevotella ruminicola and Ruminobacter amylophilus as well as activities of α‐amylase and protease increased with the HC diet or 2MB supplementation. Total PD excretion also increased with the HC diet or 2MB supplementation. The results suggested that growth performance, ruminal fermentation, CP degradability and total PD excretion increased with increasing dietary concentrate level from 40% to 60% or 2MB supplementation. The observed diet × 2MB interaction indicated that supplementation of 2MB was more efficacious for improving growth performance, ruminal fermentation and total PD excretion with promoted ruminal bacteria abundance and enzyme activity in the MC diet than in the HC diet. 相似文献
58.
通过对河南春水镇农业保险的调查背景描述以及对河南春水镇农户进行走访和问卷调查的基础上,分析农户对农业保险的认知度及参与意愿,研究河南春水镇农户对农业保险的认知度以及其参加农业保险的意愿,并得出调查研究结论,最终提出应加大农业保险的宣传、转变农户思想观念以及增加农户农业收入的对策与建议. 相似文献
59.
60.
Genome‐Wide Identification of MicroRNAs Responsive to High Temperature in Rice (Oryza sativa) by High‐Throughput Deep Sequencing
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J. Li L.‐Q. Wu W.‐Y. Zheng R.‐F. Wang L.‐X. Yang 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2015,201(5):379-388
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to play important roles in plant growth and stress response. Heat stress is a severe abiotic stresses by adversely affecting plant growth and yield. To identify heat‐responsive miRNAs at the genome‐wide level in rice (Oryza sativa), we constructed two small RNA libraries from young panicles treated or not with heat conditions. Ion torrent sequencing of the two libraries identified 294 known miRNAs and 539 novel miRNAs. Differential expression analysis showed that 26 miRNAs were downregulated and 21 miRNAs were upregulated in response to heat stress. Among them, five heat‐responsive miRNAs, including miR162b, miR529a‐p5, PC‐5P‐62245‐9, miR171b and miR169n, were validated by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. A total of 44 target genes of the differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted. These target genes are most significantly overrepresented in the cell growth process. The results demonstrated that rice miRNAs play critical roles in the heat stress response. This study opens up a new avenue for understanding the regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs involvement in the heat stress response in rice. 相似文献