章古台沙地3种针叶树生长规律对比研究

[目的]研究章古台沙地3种针叶树生长规律。[方法]通过对章古台沙地樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica)、油松(Prnus tabulaeformis)、赤松(Prnus densiflora)3种针叶树的解析木进行分析,比较3种针叶树的生长特点。[结果]8~16 a 3种针叶树的胸径和树高生长较快,16 a以后生长逐渐变缓。24 a以后赤松的树高生长比樟子松、油松快,32 a以后胸径生长比樟子松、油松快。樟子松和油松8~24 a时材积连年生长量增长较快,赤松在33~40 a时材积生长明显加快,最高可达0.014 2m3/a。[结论]该研究可为掌握针叶树种在沙地上的生长规律提供科学依据。     

Involvement of circadian clock in crowing of red jungle fowls (Gallus gallus)

The rhythmic locomotor behavior of flies and mice provides a phenotype for the identification of clock genes, and the underlying molecular mechanism is well studied. However, interestingly, when examining locomotor rhythm in the wild, several key laboratory‐based assumptions on circadian behavior are not supported in natural conditions. The rooster crowing ‘cock‐a‐doodle‐doo’ is a symbol of the break of dawn in many countries. Previously, we used domestic inbred roosters and showed that the timing of roosters' crowing is regulated by the circadian clock under laboratory conditions. However, it is still unknown whether the regulation of crowing by circadian clock is observed under natural conditions. Therefore, here we used red jungle fowls and first confirmed that similar crowing rhythms with domesticated chickens are observed in red jungle fowls under the laboratory conditions. Red jungle fowls show predawn crowing before light onset under 12:12 light : dim light conditions and the free‐running rhythm of crowing under total dim light conditions. We next examined the crowing rhythms under semi‐wild conditions. Although the crowing of red jungle fowls changed seasonally under semi‐wild conditions, predawn crowing was observed before sunrise in all seasons. This evidence suggests that seasonally changed crowing of red jungle fowls is under the control of a circadian clock.     

亚洲型舞毒蛾的羽化和生殖行为节律

为了探究亚洲型舞毒蛾(Lymantria dispar asiatica)的羽化和生殖昼夜节律,在自然光周期和温湿度条件下对亚洲型舞毒蛾成虫的羽化、求偶、交配及产卵行为进行了观察,并利用触角电位反应测定了处女雌蛾性信息素的合成量与日龄之间的关系。结果表明:亚洲型舞毒蛾雌蛾在化蛹后11 d,雄蛾在化蛹后12 d分别出现羽化高峰;雌雄蛾的羽化行为均发生在光期前2 h(02:00)至暗期3 h(21:00),雄蛾羽化高峰期为光期6 h(09:00),较雌蛾(11:00)提前2 h。雌蛾羽化约2 h后开始求偶,1日龄雌蛾的求偶率随时间的推移逐渐上升,而其他日龄的雌蛾仅在光周期开始后的1 h内求偶率降至当日最低(75%),其余时间达到或接近100%;2日龄雌蛾体内的性信息素合成量最高,以后逐日下降。成虫羽化当日即可交尾,室内交尾高峰期发生在光期11 h(14:00)左右,次高峰出现在暗期6 h(00:00)。产卵高峰期发生在光期3 h(06:00)左右,次高峰出现在暗期2 h(20:00)。综上可见,亚洲型舞毒蛾成虫的羽化和生殖行为存在明显的昼夜节律。     

The Effect of Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme Inhibitors of Left Atrial Pressure in Dogs with Mitral Valve Regurgitation

Background: Despite many epidemiological reports concerning the efficacy of angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in dogs with mitral regurgitation (MR), the hemodynamic effects of ACE inhibitor administration have not been fully evaluated. Objectives: To document left atrial pressure (LAP) in dogs with MR administered ACE inhibitors, in order to obtain interesting information about daily LAP changes with administration of ACE inhibitors. Animals: Five healthy Beagle dogs weighing 9.8 to 14.2 kg (2 males and 3 females; aged 2 years). Methods: Experimental, crossover, and interventional study. Chordae tendineae rupture was induced, and a radiotelemetry transmitter catheter was inserted into the left atrium. LAP was recorded for 72 consecutive hours during which each of 3 ACE inhibitors—enalapril (0.5 mg/kg/d), temocapril (0.1 mg/kg/d), and alacepril (3.0 mg/kg/d)—were administered in a crossover study. Results: Averaged diurnal LAP was significantly, but slightly reduced by alacepril (P= .03, 19.03 ± 3.01–18.24 ± 3.07 mmHg). The nightly drops in LAP caused by alacepril and enalapril were significantly higher than the daily drops (P= .03, ?0.98 ± 0.19 to ?0.07 ± 0.25 mmHg, and P= .03, ?0.54 ± 0.21–0.02 ± 0.17 mmHg, respectively), despite the fact that the oral administrations were given in the morning. Systolic blood pressure (122.7 ± 14.4–117.4 ± 13.1 mmHg, P= .04) and systemic vascular resistance (5800 ± 2685–5144 ± 2077 dyne × s/cm⁵, P= .03) were decreased by ACE inhibitors. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: ACE inhibitors decrease LAP minimally, despite reductions in left ventricular afterload. ACE inhibitors should not be used to decrease LAP.     

茶秆竹竹鞭生长规律的研究

茶秆竹竹鞭绝大部分分布在0－30cm土层中。竹鞭生物量与鞭长、鞭径呈正相关。壮芽比例是1龄竹鞭的较少，随着鞭龄加大而增多，然后又迅速减少。笋芽多长在2－3龄竹鞭上。竹鞭划分应以1龄为幼龄鞭，2－3为壮龄鞭，4龄为中龄鞭，4龄以上为老龄鞭。     

论理雅各的《易经》英译

19世纪末英国传教士理雅各的易经英译对中国文化在西方世界的传播和影响起了巨大的作用,他的译本经久不衰,至今仍被西方汉学家视为易经外译的典范。本文对理雅各及其易经英译本进行探讨,旨在发现其翻译的特定思路以及译本的优势与长处,寻找其不足与误译,以利新世纪易经英译的进一步精化与更为广泛的传播。     

Heart Rate Variability in Horses Engaged in Equine-Assisted Activities

Although there has been a recent surge in using horses to treat mental and emotional human health issues, the consequences of horse-assisted interventions on the stress response of horses have not been well documented. Assessment of the autonomic nervous system and its regulation of cardiovascular function has been used as an indicator of acute and chronic stress in human beings and horses. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a noninvasive measurement that has been used to assess autonomic nervous system regulation of cardiovascular function. There is evidence to suggest that several factors including the genotype, behavior, environment, temperament, and nutritional status of the horse play a key role in the large inter-individual variations in basal HRV. The present study determined whether 24-hour HRV recordings in horses currently working in equine-assisted therapy (EAT) differ from those previously shown in Thoroughbred horses. Findings from the present study found that in contrast to previous studies in Thoroughbred horses, diurnal and nocturnal low frequency and high frequency powers were not significantly different in horses that are currently engaged in EAT. Future studies are needed to determine the short- and long-term consequences of horses participating in EAT programs. Findings from this study will provide the basis for the development of a physiological/behavioral assessment criteria to determine the consequences of EAT on the well-being of horses as well as to help EAT Centers to improve the beneficial effects of EAT in human beings.     

汉江上游翘嘴鳜仔稚鱼摄食特性的初步研究

为了提高汉江上游翘嘴鳜(Siniperca chuasti)苗种培育效率,本研究以鲢(Hypophthalmichehys molitrix)和麦穗鱼(Pseudorasbora parva)作为翘嘴鳜仔稚鱼饵料,对翘嘴鳜仔稚鱼昼夜摄食节律、日摄食强度、其规格与最大可摄食饵料规格的相关性以及翘嘴鳜仔稚鱼同类相残等摄食特性进行了研究。结果表明:(1)翘嘴鳜仔稚鱼属于晨昏摄食型;(2)翘嘴鳜仔稚鱼对饵料鲢日均摄食范围为48.75%~53.75%;(3)翘嘴鳜仔稚鱼规格与摄食麦穗鱼规格呈显著线性正相关:y=0.4146x+0.9256(R^2=0.9869);(4)在饵料缺乏情况下,不同规格翘嘴鳜仔稚鱼均进行同类相残,小规格翘嘴鳜仔稚鱼(1.5~2.0 cm)的相残率为3.33%,大规格翘嘴鳜仔稚鱼(3.0~6.5 cm)的相残率达到15.83%。     

地膜油葵的生长规律与密度效应的研究

研究了地膜覆盖下油葵G1O1的生长规律与密度效应，结果表明：①油葵株高生长符合Logistic曲线；覆膜油葵的旺盛生长期在出苗后22～42d，不覆膜油葵在出苗后28～53d；②叶面积指数在各个时期覆膜处理均高于不覆膜处理；③干物质积累也符合Logistic曲线；覆膜处理的干物质积累直线增长期为出苗后36～59d，积累量为163．830g／株；不覆膜处理的干物质积累直线增长期为出苗后41～64d，积累量为119．821g／株；④覆膜油葵的产量比不覆膜的增加23．6％；覆膜油葵的适宜密度为66150～80250株／hm^2。     

针刺足三里穴的临床疗效及其机理分析

本研究采用临床疗效观察与动物实验相结合的方法。临床病例系来源于山西纺织印染厂医院,晋中地区第二人民医院。动物实验采用胃和结肠壁浆膜上缝植 Ag—AgCl 乏极化电极双极导联法,同时描记针刺足三里前后家兔空腹胃和结肠肌电变化。结果证明针刺足三里对胃肠电及胃肠功能有双向调节作用,对腹泻、便秘、胃脘痛、胃痉挛等消化系统疾病有良好的疗效。总有效率95%。本文还揭示了胃电兴奋时结肠电抑制,结肠电抑制时胃电抑制的相关变化规律。