柏正平教授运用补肺益肾膏治疗COPD稳定期临床经验

湖南省名中医柏正平教授认为慢性阻塞性肺疾病（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD）稳定期肺、脾、肾亏虚为发病之本,痰浊、瘀血为病理产物,治以补肺健脾、温肾固本、祛痰化瘀,临床采用自拟膏方补肺益肾膏对COPD稳定期患者进行调理,增强患者体质,减少急性发作次数,提高患者生活质量,为COPD稳定期的临床治疗提供有效方法。     

密蒙花颗粒对亚慢性毒性实验中SD大鼠血液生化指标的分析

目的 观察密蒙花颗粒对SD大鼠的亚慢性毒性作用及其血液生化指标变化情况。方法 80只SD大鼠随机分为4组（雌雄各半）,即空白对照组及密蒙花颗粒低、中、高剂量组,进行为期3个月的亚慢性毒理实验,其中3个给药组分别将密蒙花颗粒23.75 g、45 g、95 g溶于100 mL生理盐水中,灌胃体积为20 mL/kg,空白对照组予以同等灌胃体积生理盐水灌胃,观察各实验组及对照组血常规、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、肌酐、尿素、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、葡萄糖、血钾、血钠、血氯、肌酸激酶等指标变化情况,从而进一步评价密蒙花颗粒对SD大鼠血液系统、肝脏、肾脏、心脏等的毒性作用。结果 密蒙花颗粒对SD大鼠血液生化相关指标无不良影响。结论 密蒙花颗粒对SD大鼠血液生化指标无明显慢性毒性反应,可在临床推广应用。     

轻型慢性乙型肝炎湿热蕴结证与肝郁脾虚证肝组织纤维化分级及肝脏硬度值的比较

目的 比较轻型慢性乙型肝炎（chronic hepatitis B,CHB）湿热蕴结证与肝郁脾虚证患者肝组织纤维化分级、肝脏硬度值的差异。方法 回顾性分析161例轻型CHB患者的临床资料,依据中医辨证分型,分为湿热蕴结证组和肝郁脾虚证组,采用倾向得分匹配法（propensity score matching,PSM）按1：1匹配后,比较两组间肝组织纤维化分级、肝脏硬度值的差异。结果 （1）倾向得分匹配后,共纳入116例轻度CHB,分为湿热蕴结证和肝郁脾虚证组,各58例,两组间临床基本特征差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;（2）89.7%（104/116）轻型CHB患者肝组织纤维化分级为S0-2,湿热蕴结证肝组织纤维化程度明显重于肝郁脾虚证（P<0.05）;（3）湿热蕴结证组肝硬度值（LSM）明显高于肝郁脾虚证（P<0.05）。结论 轻型CHB患者病程早期,湿热蕴结证较肝郁脾虚证其纤维化程度重,启动抗病毒治疗时,及时运用中医辨治抗肝纤维化,力求及早延缓、阻断纤维化进展。     

慢性心衰大鼠心肌miRNA-1、miRNA-133/Caspases表达差异研究

目的 探讨慢性心衰大鼠心肌miRNA-1、miRNA-133/Caspases表达差异。方法 30只SD大鼠随机分为正常组10只,模型组20只。正常组等容量生理盐水腹腔注射,模型组予阿霉素腹腔注射造模;采用心脏彩超检测心功能,采用生理记录仪记录血流动力学,心脏切片行Tunel染色检测细胞凋亡,采用Real-time PCR法检测miRNA-1、miRNA-133、Caspase-3mRNA、Caspase-9mRNA表达;采用Western blot及免疫组化法检测心肌组织Caspase-3、Caspase-9蛋白表达水平。结果 与正常组比,模型组大鼠左室舒张期内径（LVIDd）、左室收缩末期内径（LVESD）、左心室终末舒张压（LVEDP）明显增大（P<0.05）,而左心室短轴缩短率（LVFS）、左室射血分数（LVEF）、心输出量（CO）、左心室平均压（LVAP）、左心室内压最大上升速率（dp/dtmax）及左心室内压最大下降速率（-dp/dtmax）下降（P<0.01）,Tunel染色示心肌凋亡明显。miRNA-1、Caspase-3mRNA、Caspase-9mRNA、Caspase-3蛋白、Caspase-9蛋白表达增加（P<0.01）,miRNA-133表达下降（P<0.01）。结论 miRNA-1、Caspase-3、Caspase-9在心肌凋亡中表达增加,miRNA-133表达下降。     

补中益气汤加味治疗膝关节慢性滑膜炎气虚水滞型的临床观察

目的 观察补中益气汤加味治疗膝关节慢性滑膜炎气虚水滞型的临床疗效。方法 将60例膝关节慢性滑膜炎患者随机分成治疗组和对照组各30例,治疗组采用补中益气汤加味治疗,对照组采用地奥司明口服治疗,治疗2周,比较两组治疗前后膝关节肿胀程度、VAS疼痛评分、WOMAC评分和两组治疗后综合疗效。结果 治疗组的膝关节肿胀程度、VAS疼痛评分、WOMAC评分较治疗前显著降低（P<0.05）,治疗组疗效优于对照组（P<0.01）;治疗组总有效率为93.33%,对照组为76.67%,治疗组疗效明显优于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 补中益气汤加味治疗膝关节慢性滑膜炎气虚水滞型具有较好的临床疗效。     

镰刀菌毒素污染饲粮导致的断奶仔猪肝脏损伤与自然修复研究

本试验旨在研究阶段性饲喂镰刀菌毒素污染饲粮对仔猪血清和肝脏生化指标、抗氧化指标以及肝脏炎性细胞因子白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)mRNA相对表达量的影响。选用体重为(8.45±0.94)kg的35日龄"杜×长×大"雌性仔猪30头,随机分为3组,每组10个重复,每个重复1头猪。对照组持续饲喂基础饲粮,镰刀菌毒素组持续饲喂镰刀菌毒素污染饲粮(玉米赤霉烯酮0.90 mg/kg,呕吐毒素1.43 mg/kg,烟曲霉毒素5.85 mg/kg),自然恢复组在饲喂镰刀菌毒素污染饲粮35 d后,改饲喂基础饲粮。预试期7 d,正试期56 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,镰刀菌毒素组仔猪肝脏相对重量显著升高(P0.05),血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性显著升高(P0.05),血清总蛋白(TP)和球蛋白(GLB)含量显著降低(P0.05),血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、血清和肝脏总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性显著下降(P0.05),血清和肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量显著升高(P0.05);肝脏炎性细胞因子IL-1β和IL-6 mRNA相对表达量显著升高(P0.05)。2)经21 d自然恢复后,与镰刀菌毒素组相比,自然恢复组仔猪肝脏相对重量有所降低(P0.05),血清AST、ALT和ALP活性显著降低(P0.05),血清TP和GLB含量显著升高(P0.05),血清T-SOD活性显著升高(P0.05),血清和肝脏GSH-Px、肝脏T-SOD活性有所升高(P0.05),血清和肝脏M DA含量显著降低(P0.05),肝脏炎性细胞因子IL-1β和IL-6 mRNA相对表达量显著降低(P0.05)。由此可见,本试验条件下,长期饲喂镰刀菌毒素能够造成仔猪肝脏损伤,影响肝脏的抗氧化、蛋白质合成和免疫功能,而经过21 d恢复期,仔猪肝脏抗氧化和免疫功能得到了一定程度的改善。     

Effects of transforming growth factor‐β1 treatment on muscle regeneration and adipogenesis in glycerol‐injured muscle

Transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1 is associated with fibrosis in many organs. Recent studies demonstrated that delivery of TGF‐β1 into chemically injured muscle enhances fibrosis. In this study, we investigated the effects of exogenous TGF‐β1 on muscle regeneration and adipogenesis in glycerol‐injured muscle of normal mice. Tibialis anterior (TA) muscles were injured by glycerol injection. TGF‐β1 was either co‐injected with glycerol, as an ‘early treatment’ group, or injected at day 4 after glycerol, as a ‘late treatment’ group and the TA muscles were collected at day 7 after initial injury. Myotube density was significantly lower in the early treatment group than in the glycerol‐injured group (without TGF‐β1 treatment). Moreover, the Oil red O‐positive area was significantly smaller in the early treatment group than in the late treatment group and glycerol‐injured group. Furthermore, TGF‐β1 treatment increased endomysial fibrosis and induced immunostaining of α‐smooth muscle actin. The greater inhibitory effects of early TGF‐β1 treatment than that of late TGF‐β1 treatment during regeneration in glycerol‐injured muscle suggest a more potent effect of TGF‐β1 on the initial stage of muscle regeneration and adipogenesis. Combination of TGF‐β1 with glycerol might be an alternative to enhance muscle fibrosis for future studies.     

Study on the Building Conditions of Acute Lung Injury in Mice

In order to explore the building conditions of acute lung injury, healthy Kunming mice were selected, by intraperitoneal injection of cascade dose of LPS (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 mg/kg) to observe the mice respiratory frequency, mortality, lung W/D value and the changes of tissue structure in different conditions, and detect the expression changes of inflammation cytokine, IL-10,TNF-α, IL-1β and IFN-γ. The results showed that compared with control group, lung W/D value in 4 mg/kg LPS group significantly increased (P<0.05) and lung W/D values in 6, 8 and 10 mg/kg LPS groups extremely significantly increased (P<0.01). Pathological analysis showed that 6 mg/kg LPS group appeared lung congestion, alveolar luminal and pulmonary interstitial exudation, alveolar septal thickening, and a small amount of neutrophil infiltration. 8 and 10 mg/kg LPS groups appeared pulmonary congestion, alveolar and pulmonary interstitial exudation, alveolar septal thickening and neutrophil infiltration. Compared with control group, collagen fibers of the lung tissue in 6, 8, 10 mg/kg LPS group increased, and more appeared in the lung around the trachea, 10 mg/kg LPS group was the most obvious. The inflammatory factors in 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 mg/kg LPS groups had extremely significantly increased compared with control group (P<0.01). Pathological biopsy and related indicators showed that the model of mice could be successfully constructed by intraperitoneal injection of 8 mg/kg LPS for 12 h.