大学英语课堂教学的创新与实践

当今社会对大学生的英语水平及综合应用能力提出了新的更高要求,大学英语教学也因此面临新的挑战。作者根据自己的教学实践,阐述了在大学英语教学中的一些做法与体会,期望起到抛砖引玉的作用。     

轻型门式刚架结构中关于稳定分析问题的探讨

针对现行《门式刚架轻型房屋钢结构技术规程》（CECS 102:2002）中关于稳定分析的部分条款,通过大量系统的有限元分析,指出上述条款中存在的问题,并提出改进的建议：1）对单跨门式刚架变截面柱计算长度系数的取值提出了修正,并扩充了取值范围;2）对带摇摆柱门式刚架变截面柱计算长度放大系数的公式提出了修正;3）对工字形截面构件腹板有效宽度系数的公式提出了修正;4）提出了新的风吸力下冷弯薄壁檩条稳定承载力计算公式.以上工作为《上海市轻型钢结构技术规程》的修订提供了理论依据.     

2种不同形状诱芯田间诱蛾效果比较

在田间比较了双孔扁垫柱型诱芯和反口钟型长效诱芯不同使用期对小菜蛾的诱集效果和持效期。结果表明,随着使用时间的延长,2种诱芯的诱蛾效果均逐步下降,前期双孔扁垫柱型诱芯诱蛾效果好于反口钟型长效诱芯,后期二者差异不显著。     

棉花穴盘育苗移栽高产示范试验

采用对比设计,研究了棉花穴盘育苗移栽栽培方式与地膜直播栽培方式（CK）对棉花生长和产量的影响。结果表明：棉花穴盘育苗移栽栽培方式的棉花生育期较CK长12 d,虽然全生育期整齐度和苗期生长势较CK差,但花期和絮期的生长势好于CK,单株成铃数明显增多,增产显著。棉花穴盘育苗移栽栽培方式可以在生产上大面积推广应用。     

高简并引物小温度范围不规则降落PCR在庞大基因家族扩增中的应用（摘要）

[目的]探讨了高简并性引物扩增庞大基因家族基因的特殊方法。[方法]采用常规高简并引物对鲤鱼基因组DNA分析进行了常规PCR扩增、常规降落PCR扩增以及优化后的小温度范围不规则跳跃降落PCR扩增。[结果]采用PCR仅得1条明显条带,得到的基因较少;采用常规降落PCR法仅得到弥散性扩增,无明显条带出现;而采用小温度范围的不规则跳跃降落PCR则得到了得到了3条明显条带和多个基因,扩增结果理想。[结论]为庞大基因家族扩增条件中的优化与选择提供了理论依据。     

An improved rotor side control strategy of double fedwind turbine generation system

Based on a on site wind turbine’s output active power vs. generator speed curve, the shortage of conventional power control strategies of doubly fed wind turbine generation system are analyzed. Considering the generator speed restriction and active power fast track control requirement, the power decoupling control strategy in the rotor side converter and variable pitch control strategy are improved, that is, an output mechanical torque of wind turbine and the generator speed of DFIG are used in the rotor side active power control loop in order to achieve an accurate optimal speed control, as well as a direct active power control method is also adopted in the variable pitch control strategy. Finally, the overall operational performances of DFIG wind turbine generation system using the proposed control strategies are simulated, and also compared with the conventional control strategies. The results show that the improved control strategy is more valid and correct.     

Influence on new tunnel mechanics behaviorinduced by construction about adjacent spacing

This paper takes Chongqing Two-River Tunnel as the research background, based on the system for structure and surrounding rockmass of the highway tunnel, conducts a three-dimension model test about forked tunnel with different altitude to study new tunnel’s mechanics behavior induced by construction, and uses numerical simulation to analyze model domain. The results show that the displacement on new tunnel’s left hance is larger than the displacement on its right hance. Left hance displacement is larger than hance displacement of the single tunnel, and the right hance displacement is less than hance displacement of the single tunnel. The trend of hance displacement and crown settlement with different adjacent spacing is got. Normalizing hance displacement and crown settlement of model test, the relation between displacement and adjacent spacing is disclosed. The hance displacement and crown settlement gained by numerical simulation is close to the converted result of model test, which indicates that the model test data is consistent with the result of numerical simulation.     

Detection of cows with insemination problems using selected classification models

In the present study, the detection of cows with artificial insemination (AI) difficulties using selected statistical and machine learning methods is presented. Cows were divided into two classes: those that conceived after one or two services (“GOOD”) and those that required more than two services per conception (“POOR”). The best performance was exhibited by one of the artificial neural networks (ANN) and the multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS) method (AIC, BIC, RMS and accuracy); whereas logistic regression (LR) and classification functions (CF) were of somewhat lower quality. The detection of cows with AI difficulties, performed on the basis of the test set comprising new instances, showed that the ANN and MARS were more precise in comparison with the statistical methods. Sensitivity and specificity were over 85% for the perceptron with two hidden layers (MLP2) and MARS and approximately 80% or lower for LR and CF. From among variables determining the AI category, the average calving interval and cow body condition index were the most important. Other significant variables were lactation number, pregnancy length, sex of calf from previous calving and cow age. The prognoses obtained using ANN and MARS can be used for the appropriate preparation of cows for AI.     

麦套玉米与单作玉米的生物学性状差异分析

研究了不同播期麦套玉米与单作玉米在生物学性状方面的差异。结果表明,共生期间,不同播期单作玉米的展开叶数、次生根数、地上部鲜重和干重均高于麦套玉米,可见叶、种子根、株高不尽一致;麦套玉米由于小麦的遮阴,比同期播种的单作玉米生育期推迟,叶片总数、果穗叶位减少,穗位高、株高降低。麦套玉米适时套种时间应在小麦收获时,玉米苗在3叶展开期前后(在山东省玉米品种郑单958适宜套种时间为5月21～26日),麦收后立即中耕灭茬,适时追肥浇水,加强田间管理,能够达到单作玉米的产量。     

土壤类型对凉山烤烟品质的影响

以云烟87为材料,在盐源烟区选取5种不同类型土壤进行烤烟大田栽培,研究了四川凉山土壤类型对烤烟主要化学成分、中性致香物质及内在质量的影响。结果表明,参试土壤钙、镁含量较丰富,明显缺氯;紫色土、红壤、黄壤、沉积土等明显缺钾和氮;水稻土和沉积土缺磷。不同土壤烤后烟叶化学成分有差异,水稻土和紫色土上烤后烟叶烟碱、总氮含量较高,糖含量较低,基本符合优质烟叶质量标准;红壤、紫色土和黄壤上烤后烟叶钾含量相对较高,接近优质烟叶钾含量;沉积土、水稻土和红壤上烤后烟叶氯含量较高,接近优质烟叶氯含量。不同土壤烤后烟叶致香物质含量差异较大,黄壤和红壤上烤后烟叶苯丙氨酸类降解产物含量较高;黄壤、红壤和水稻土上烤后烟叶类西柏烷类产物含量较高;水稻土、紫色土和红壤上烤后烟叶质体色素降解产物含量及致香成分总量较高。不同土壤烤后烟叶内在质量存在一定的差异,由高到低对应的植烟土壤依次为:紫色土、红壤、黄壤、沉积土、水稻土。