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31.
32.
用分别添加0.5%、1%与10%满江红的配合饲料喂1日龄AA肉鸡,21日龄、42日龄的体重0.5%、1%添加组显著高于10%添加组和对照组(P〈0.05)。0.5%、1%添加组鸡只粪便的双歧杆菌和乳酸茵的总数较对照组增多60%,而大肠杆菌数量则下降67%。不同浓度的满江红溶液,添加于培养基中,进行体外增茵和抑茵试验,满江红对双歧杆菌体外增殖和大肠杆菌体外抑制均有良好的效果。以上结果表明,满江红可以作为家禽益生元。 相似文献
33.
抗鸡球虫药的筛选分为体内筛选和体外筛选。体外筛选具有简易、迅速、准确和经济的优点。本文在前人大量工作的基础上,总结了体外筛选的全过程,并分述了细胞培养筛选法和鸡胚培养筛选法。 相似文献
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北京油鸡胚胎成纤维细胞系建立与生物学特性研究 总被引:12,自引:3,他引:12
采取组织块直接培养法,对北京油鸡胚胎组织进行原代和继代培养,成功地建立了成纤维细胞系。并对培养细胞进行了形态学、细胞生长动力学观察,以及核型和乳酸脱氢酶、苹果酸脱氢酶的同工酶分析。结果表明,该细胞系的群体倍增时间(PDT)为24h;细胞染色体中二倍体占主体,为76%~88%;乳酸脱氢酶、苹果酸脱氢酶同工酶电泳图谱与本室其它细胞系有明显差别;细菌、真菌、病毒、支原体检测呈阴性。该细胞系的建立,使北京油鸡这一国家重要种质资源在细胞水平上保存下来,也为基因组文库和体细胞克隆等研究提供了理想的生物材料。 相似文献
37.
耕作方式与长期定位施肥对雨养农田冬小麦产量的调控效应 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了明确西北黄土高原半湿润偏旱区耕作方式与长期定位施肥对冬小麦产量的调控效应,以设在半湿润偏旱区连续12年的耕作与肥料长期定位试验为平台,采用裂区设计,以传统耕作和免耕耕作为主处理,不施肥(CK)、单施无机氮肥(N)、单施无机磷肥(P)、单施有机肥(M)、无机氮磷肥配施(NP)、有机无机肥配施(NMP)为副处理,栽培制度为1年春玉米-3年冬小麦轮作,研究耕作及施肥措施对冬小麦产量的影响及其在生产年型间的变化关系。结果表明,不同年型及耕作方式均以有机无机配施冬小麦产量最高,有机肥单施高于化肥单施,磷肥单施高于氮肥单施。耕作方式间表现为传统耕作高于免耕耕作,年型间表现为丰水年>平水年>干旱年,耕作和施肥方式的增产效果以干旱年最好,平水年和丰水年差异不显著。有机无机配施与传统耕作结合优化了冬小麦冠层温度、叶绿素相对含量等生理指标,提高了光合速率、气孔导度及蒸腾速率,因而改善了有效穗、穗粒数和千粒重等产量性状而使冬小麦增产。在550 mm左右降水量的陇东旱塬雨养农业区,无论何种耕作方式及生产年型,长期采用有机无机或无机氮磷肥配施均表现出持续提高冬小麦产量的良好作用。因此,有机无机配施结合传统耕作是提高陇东半湿润偏旱区冬小麦产量的最佳耕作栽培模式。 相似文献
38.
Effect of a 1800 MHz electromagnetic field emitted during embryogenesis on chick development and hatchability
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K. Pawlak Z. Nieckarz A. Sechman D. Wojtysiak B. Bojarski B. Tombarkiewicz 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2018,47(3):222-230
The level of artificial electromagnetic field (EMF) has steadily increased with the development of human civilization. The developing chicken embryo has been considered a good model to study the effects of EMF on living organisms. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of a 1800 MHz electromagnetic field during embryogenesis on the frequency of chick embryo malformations, morphometric parameters of the heart and liver and concentration of corticosterone in blood plasma, lipid and glycogen content in the liver of newly hatched chicks. A 1800 MHz EMF was found to shorten the duration of embryogenesis (earlier pipping and hatching of chicks) while having no effect on the quantity and quality of chicks and on increasing the incidence of embryo malformations. Exposure of chick embryos to EMF caused decreases in relative heart weight and right ventricle wall thickness. The pipping and hatching of chicks can be accelerated by stressful impact of EMF, which is confirmed by a significant increase in plasma corticosterone concentrations and decrease in fat and glycogen in the liver of chicks exposed during embryogenesis on the electromagnetic field with a frequency of 1800 MHz. 相似文献
39.
Based serum metabolomics analysis reveals simultaneous interconnecting changes during chicken embryonic development
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M. L. Peng S. N. Li Q. Q. He J. L. Zhao L. L. Li H. T. Ma 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(5):1210-1219
Metabolic disorder is a major health problem and is associated with a number of metabolic diseases. Due to native hyperglycaemia and resistance to exogenous insulin, chickens as a model had used in the studies of adipose tissue biology, metabolism and obesity. But no detailed information is available about the comprehensive changes of serum metabolites at different stages of chicken embryonic development. This study employed LC/MS‐QTOF to determine the changes of major functional metabolites at incubation day 14 (E14d), 19 (E19d) and hatching day 1 (H1d), and the associated pathways of differential metabolites during chicken embryonic development were analysed using Metabolite Set Enrichment Analysis method. Results showed that 39 metabolites were significantly changed from E14d to E19d and 68 metabolites were significantly altered from E19d to H1d in chicken embryos. Protein synthesis was promoted by increasing the concentrations of L‐glutamine and threonine, and gonadal development was promoted through increasing oestrone content from E14d to E19d in chicken embryos, which indicated that serum glutamine, threonine and oestrone contents may be considered as the candidate indicators for assessment of early embryonic development. 2‐oxoglutaric acid mainly contributed to enhancing the citric cycle, and it plays an important role in improving the growth of chicken embryos at the late development; the decreasing of L‐glutamine, L‐isoleucine and L‐leucine contents from E19d to H1d in chicken embryonic development implied their possible functions as the feed additive during early posthatch period of broiler chickens to satisfy the growth. These results provided insights into understand the roles of serum metabolites at different developmental stages of chicken embryos, it also provides available information for chicken as a model to study metabolic disease or human obesity. 相似文献
40.
Effects of oral administration of different dosages of carvacrol essential oils on intestinal barrier function in broilers
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ShuDong Liu MinHo Song Won Yun JiHwan Lee ChangHee Lee WooGi Kwak NamSoo Han HyeunBum Kim JinHo Cho 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(5):1257-1265
Essential oils are widely used in the pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries, and many plant essential oils have shown that they have positive effects on broilers nutrition. This experiment was conducted to study the effects of orally administered different dosages of carvacrol essential oils on intestinal barrier function in broiler chickens. A total of eighty 28‐day‐old (1.28 ± 0.15 kg) ROSS 308 broilers were randomly allocated to four groups of 20 replicates each, with one chicken per replicate per cage, and all were fed with the same diet. Four experimental groups were orally administered 0, 200, 300 or 400 μl carvacrol essential oils at 18:00 hr every day during the 2‐week experimental period. As a result of which, the gene expression of the occludin, claudin‐1, claudin‐5, ZO‐1 and ZO‐2 in intestinal mucosa of small intestine (p < 0.05) and the goblet cell content in small intestine epithelium (p < 0.05) were significantly increased; test subjects with 300 or 400 μl carvacrol essential oils reduced the microbial counts of Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli in the intestines (p < 0.05); Essential oils administration also significantly increased activity of the sucrase (p < 0.05) and lactase (p < 0.05) in intestinal mucosa. In conclusion, the carvacrol essential oils have positive effects on growth performance and intestinal barriers function of broilers; those effects may be related to the dosage, as administration of 300 or 400 μl was more effective than that of 200 μl. 相似文献