往复泵吸入特性的流体力学数值模拟

为了研究往复泵在吸入过程中流体的动力特性及相关参数对吸入特性的影响,对往复泵的吸入过程进行计算流体动力学的数值模拟。在吸入过程中,根据阿道尔夫泵阀运动微分方程和活塞运动引起的泵腔内流场变化确定泵阀的运动,同时运用动网格生成技术更新了不同曲柄转角下的计算模型。通过数值计算,得到了往复泵的瞬时吸入流量、柱塞端面上的压力分布,并研究了冲次、弹簧刚度对吸入阀迟滞关闭现象的影响。结果表明,流体的压缩性和惯性导致瞬时流量小于理论值,吸液量是理论值的0.91倍,往复泵的冲次从100/min增大到330/min时,吸入阀     

细菌生物学特性对其生物膜形成的影响

Biofilm-associated microorganisms play crucial roles in terrestrial and aquatic nutrient cycling and in the biodegradation of environmental pollutants.Biofilm formation was determined for a total of 18 bacterial isolates obtained from the biofilms of wastewater treatment systems and of little carpolite in soil.Among these isolates,seven showed strong biofilm-forming capacity.The phylogenetic affiliation of the isolates showing high biofilm formation capacity was determined through 16S rDNA sequencing and the isolates were grouped into 7 bacterial species including Pseudomonas sp.,Pseudomonas putida,Aeromonas caviae,Bacillus cereus,Pseudomonas plecoglossicida,Aeromonas hydrophila,and Comamonas testosteroni.The biofilm-forming capacity was closely related with flagella,exopolysaccharide,and extracel-lular protein.According to the coefficient of determination,the relative importance of the five biological characteristics to biofilm formation was,in order from greatest to least,exopolysaccharide > flagella > N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) signaling molecules > extracellular protein > swarming motility.     

Diversity in White Lupin (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Lupinus albus</Emphasis> L.) Landraces from Northwest Iberianplateau

All the accessions (35) of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) landraces collected from northwest Iberian plateau and maintained at the Spanish germplasm collection (CRF of INIA), were studied with the general objective of assessing the biodiversity of these landraces and to ascertain their value as genetic resources for the development of germplasm adapted to the areas where they were collected with long and chilly winters. The characterization study comprised 51 qualitative and 50 quantitative characters. Quantitative parameters were analyzed by Principal Components Analysis (PCA). The 2-dimensional plot (49.3% of cumulative variability) formed a main group of accessions and 4 outliers (#1, #9, #27 and #28) separated in the first PC. The characters with a higher contribution to the first PC were inflorescence length, leaf petiole length and leaf central foliole area. The presence of alkaloids, the percentage of plants killed by soil borne fungal diseases, the phenology, the yield per plant and yield components were also assessed. Twenty six accessions (the main group in the PCA plot) showed high homogeneity, with the following highlights: bitterness, indeterminate growth habit, early ripeness and spring sowing with the exception of #18, in which seeding date is unknown and it had a later phenology. By contrast accessions #9 and #27 were bitter of autumn sowing with determinate growing habit and they had the longest values of primary inflorescence length and a later phenology when they were sown in spring. Average values for yield and yield components showed a broad range of variation between accessions. The main yield component was the number of pods per plant. Accession #22 had the highest mean seed mass, although this had not significant influence in yield. Accession #17 showed the highest yield and #1 the lowest. This last also had the lowest values of inflorescence length, leaf petiole length and leaf central foliole area. No significant differences of resistance to soil-borne fungi were found between accessions. The year had a significant effect in the phenology, yield and yield components except for number of seeds per pod. The studied material might be of interest for the development of spring sowing germplasm adapted to north Iberian peninsula.     

益智药乙拉西坦的合成和结构表征

以2-溴丁酸甲醵为起始原料，经氨解反应、N-烷基化反应合成了乙拉西坦，总收率为45.6％，改进后的工艺路线反应时间缩短、收率提高;并用IR、^1HNMR、^13CNMR对乙拉西坦进行了结构表征．     

一个棉花血红素加氧酶基因的克隆及特性分析

血红素加氧酶(HO)是催化血红素降解的微粒酶系统,根据HO基因的保守序列设计PCR引物,对构建棉花腺体形成时期的cDNA均一化文库PCR进行筛选,分析确定阳性克隆中cDNA片段的大小,克隆了棉花中1个HO基因全长cDNA,命名为HOCG(GenBank登记号:EU373020),并对其编码的氨基酸序列进行分析.结果显示,HOCG基因长度为1 462 bp,编码318个氨基酸,其编码的蛋白质预测的等电点和分子量分别为5 580和36 220.RT-PCR分析表明,该基因在湘棉18腺体形成前后表达有差异,该基因的克隆与分析有利于进一步探明棉花腺体形成的机制.     

施肥对马尾松针叶营养成分的影响

通过分析施肥后马尾松针叶的养分状况,研究了施肥对针叶营养元素的作用,结果表明,拖用尿素、过磷酸钙、氯化钾均能显著提高针叶含N量,提高针叶含K量则以施用过磷酸钙再配合施尿素或氯化钾作用最大,而针叶P、Ca、Mg含量则要施用过磷酸钙达5760kg/hm2以上才会有显著的提高;施肥对针叶养分含量的影响表现为N、P、K、Mg、Ca均达到O.05以上水平差异,而其中K、Mg持续3年内均有显著差异,N、P、Ca则仅只1年差异显著。     

苎麻优质种质的鉴定与评价

对10份苎麻优质种质和2份对照种质的农艺性状和纤维细度进行了鉴定评价.结果表明,所选材料的农艺性状和品质性状均存在丰富的变异;供试10份优质种质的纤维细度明显高于两对照,而产量却明显低于两对照,其中,安龙苎麻1号的纤维细度达2 038m·g-1,产量达到1 762.71 kg·hm-2,丰产性较好;新民家麻、定业苎麻、龙塘白麻、安龙苎麻2号、奉节梅子线麻、那为苎麻1号产量较低(＞1 050 kg·hm-2),品质较好(纤维细度＞2 100 m·g-1),其他3份优质种质的纤维细度均大于2 200 m·g-1,但产量低(产量≤1 050 kg·hm-2).     

鲢鱼(Hypophthal michthys molitrix)背肌中组织蛋白酶B2的纯化与酶学性质鉴定

对鲢鱼背部白肌中的组织蛋白酶B2,进行了分离纯化及酶学性质的鉴定。目的酶经粗提后,再通过酸处理、硫酸铵分级沉淀、超滤、DEAE-Sephacel、Sephacryl S-100、SP-Sepharose F.F.、Blue-sepharose 6 F.F.、Con A-Sepha-rose等步骤纯化,纯化倍数达到396.5倍。经SDS-PAGE分析,该酶呈现了分子量约为25和20KDa的2条带。组织蛋白酶B2的最适反应温度和pH分别为30~35℃和pH5.5。巯基还原剂DTT、L-Cys、β-Me均显著地激活了该酶的活性。50μmol/L的E-64能够完全抑制其活性。Cl-浓度为100μmol/L以内时,对组织蛋白酶B2起到激活作用,200μmol/L时则表现为抑制作用。25 mmol/L的P2O74-,即可有效抑制该酶的活性。该纯化酶能够水解Z-Arg-Arg-MCA、Z-Phe-Arg-MCA,但是不能够水解L-Arg-MCA。组织蛋白酶B2水解Z-Arg-Arg-MCA、Z-Phe-Arg-MCA的Km值分别为7.15及226μmol/L,表明Z-Arg-Arg-MCA是该酶的最适底物。     

矿物药超高压射流粉碎可行性研究

利用超高压射流技术对自然铜、滑石、龙骨、龙齿进行粉碎,测定超细粉平均粒径、比表面积、分布宽度(SPAN)、分散稳定性、休止角及松密度。与常规粉比较发现超细粉平均粒径减小了89.15%～93.72%,松密度减小了28.57%～40.40%,比表面积增大了4.282～11.160倍,休止角增大了0.072～0.458倍,滑石超细粉在羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)中的分散性较好。利用超高压射流技术粉碎矿物药是可行的,为该技术在粉碎领域的应用提供了依据。