产色素与不产色素新疆紫草培养细胞超微结构的动态变化

对培养１５,２５和３５ｄ的新疆紫草培养细胞的电镜观察结果表明：紫草素的合成部位在内质网上;色素颗粒通过两种方式分泌到细胞外,一是与细胞膜融合,通过细胞壁释放到细胞外,二是通过细胞裂解大量排出细胞外。不产色素细胞的生长和结构变化情况与产色素细胞都相类似,只是未见大量的色素颗粒。     

原始生殖细胞的人类胚胎干细胞克隆

取材于妊娠终止胚胎生殖腺或生殖嵴及其周围组织,用ＤＭＥＭ＋ＮＣＳ培养液体外培养,分离由人ＰＧＣｓ转化成的类ＥＳ细胞,并将其与同源胚胎成纤维细胞一起用胰蛋白酶＋ＥＤＴＡ的无钙镁ＰＢＳ液消化传代。在原代培养１２ｈ观察到胞体较大、边缘不整、贴壁分裂增殖的ＰＧＣｓ样细胞,４８ｈ后观察到２６处紧密排列呈鸟巢状的类ＥＳ细胞集落及集落团。第６ｄ传代成功,第１６ｄ传至第４代。结果表明,体外培养附植后胚胎能够建成人的类ＥＳ细胞系。     

细胞永生化的研究进展

永生细胞系具有无限增殖能力,其自我更新能力、增殖分化模式、基因表达调控以及癌症等疾病研究一直以来也是分子细胞生物学领域的研究热点与难点.细胞永生化是指细胞在体外培养的时候,由于自身基因改变或者外界因素刺激,例如细胞周期检查点通路受损、端粒酶的再次激活上调、原癌基因激活等影响,使细胞分裂加快,并突破了自我衰老与凋亡机制,...     

Inactivation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling contributes to the epithelial barrier dysfunction induced by sodium oxalate in canine renal epithelial cells

High oxalate consumption has been recognized as a risk factor for renal calcium oxalate stones in companion animals (dogs and cats). However, the cellular signaling involved in oxalate-induced dysfunction in renal tubular epithelial cells remains not fully elucidated. In this study, Mardin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, an epithelial cell line derived from canine kidney tubule, were tested for cell proliferation activity and barrier function after being exposed to sodium oxalate (NaOx). Further, the involvement of Wnt/β-catenin in NaOx-induced renal epithelial barrier dysfunction was evaluated. MDCK cells treated with NaOx exhibited reduction in cell proliferation and migration. Besides, NaOx exposure led to a decrease in transepithelial electrical resistance and an increase in paracellular permeability. The deleterious effects of NaOx on epithelial barrier function were related to the suppressed abundance of tight junction proteins including zonula occludens, occludin, and claudin-1. Of note, protein levels of β-catenin and phosphorylated (p)-β-catenin (Ser552) in MDCK cells were repressed by NaOx, indicating inhibitory effects on Wnt/β-catenin signaling. An inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) by SB216763 enhanced the abundance of β-catenin and p-β-catenin (Ser552), and protected against epithelial barrier dysfunction in NaOx-treated MDCK cells. The results revealed a critical role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the epithelial barrier function of MDCK cells. Activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling might be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of oxalate-linked renal stones.     

小麦品种对小麦白粉病菌侵染信号传递初探

 通过测定抗病性不同的小麦品种在接种小麦白粉病菌后钙调素含量的变化发现其存在差异。如抗病品种钙调素含量高峰出现在接种后4 h,即寄主与白粉病菌接触阶段。而感病品种接种后24 h出现钙调素含量高峰。比较测定了不同的钙调素抑制剂对小麦品种抗白粉性的影响,发现10mmol/L TFP和5 mmol/L CPZ处理使抗病品种变为高度感病,50 mmol/L CPZ处理使小麦感染白粉菌后反应型下降,表明钙调素与小麦抗白粉性有关。     

Microscopic observations of bacterial sorption in soil cores

 Bacterial cells may be immobilized in soil through adsorption to a variety of soil particles. These associations affect the interaction of native soil microbes with their nutrient sources and control at least in part the distribution of foreign bacteria entering the soil system. To observe the relationship between soil structure and adsorption of amended bacterial cells, a series of intact cores of Freehold fine sandy loam were inoculated with suspensions of Arthrobacter crystallopoietes cells at concentrations ranging from 10⁶ to 10⁸ cells per ml. The cells were cultivated in a glucose-based medium to induce spherical cell formation. Following inoculation, the soil cores were rinsed with sterile water (30–40 ml h^–1), flushed with thiazine red R to stain the bacterial cells, and then prepared for examination by common micromorphological techniques. The use of fluorescence, polarizing, and reflected light microscopy of soil thin sections, allowed direct, qualitative determinations of microbial distribution and associations with soil components. A. crystallopoietes cells were detected throughout the length of the soil columns. Soil pores did not appear to be clogged by the spherical A. crystallopoietes cells. Adsorption of amended bacteria was governed by the presence of both variably charged mineral oxides and organic matter within the intergrain microaggregates and occurred along coated mineral surfaces. Amendment of non-inoculated soil columns with 0.2% (w/v) solution of glucose demonstrated that the staining and sectioning procedure was sufficiently sensitive to detect growth of indigenous bacterial populations and their distributions within the soil matrix. Received; 6 April 1997     

甘薯原料气升式生物反应器发酵生产单细胞蛋白

以甘薯为原料,采用少孢根霉ＡＳ３．４３９２与树状假丝酵母混合发酵工艺,在无筛板、带一块和带二块筛板的气升式生物反应器中发酵４８ｈ后的干基粗蛋白的含量分别为４６．４％、４７．１％、４７．７％。试验结果表明,气升式生物反应器的发酵结果优于机械搅拌式生物反应器,而带筛板的气升式生物反应器又优于不带筛板的气升式生物反应器。在氧传递性能考察中,发现气升式生物反应器内加装筛板可以有效地强化氧传递     

紫色非硫光合细菌(PNSB)菌株C细胞的不对称分裂和内光合膜的结构

从室温下存放2 年以上的紫色非硫光合细菌的培养液中分离出PNSB菌株C。对该菌株的生物学特性、内光合膜结构和细胞的不对称分裂方式进行了研究。菌株C细胞中含有细菌叶绿素a。具有层状并与细胞质膜平行的内光合膜系统。细胞横切面显示内光合膜系统呈环形复瓦状结构。细胞纵横切面显示内光合膜是一完全的整体。菌株C以细胞的不对称分裂方式进行繁殖, 并以细胞的缢缩完成分裂。据此, 菌株C被鉴定为红假单胞菌属 (Rhodopseudom onas) 的成员。     

木材细胞壁的构造及其主成分的堆积过程

该文对有关木材细胞壁构造和木材细胞壁形成过程的主要研究做了归纳,尤其是对木质部形成和分化机理,木材细胞壁主成分的堆积过程的最新研究成果做了比较详细的介绍．这些研究对于我们清理迄今为止在木材构造方面的研究工作,确定２１世纪中国木材解剖学研究方向有一定帮助和借鉴     

小鼠孤雌胚的体内体外发育研究

小鼠孤雌激活卵登攀上培养于ＣＺＢ溶液中可发育至孵出囊胚阶段,而且孤雌胚移植后可在受体子宫内附植发育。单倍体、二倍体孤雌胚发育至桑椹胚的能力相似,但发育于囊胚的能力,后得高于前者。孤雌囊胚体外发育至孵出的比率仅为２０％,但在卵巢切除的受体子宫内期发育至孵出囊胚的比率提高到７３．３％。与受精扩张囊胚相比,孤雌扩张囊肿成纤维细胞饲养层上很难贴壁生长,但延迟孤雌囊胚的内细胞团（ＩＣＭ）呆在细胞饲养层上增殖