银杏幼苗叶片转化酶活性及其动力学

采用波钦诺克XH法研究了田间和室内栽培的银杏幼苗叶片转化酶的活性及其动力学性质。结果表明:银杏幼苗叶片转化酶在pH值5.0、温度55℃时活性最强;该酶的米氏常数为3.7×10-2mol·L-1;室内盆栽的银杏幼苗叶片转化酶的活性显著高于田间栽培的同龄银杏幼苗叶片转化酶的活性。     

沼液浸种增强早稻秧苗耐冷效应─—叶肉细胞超微结构动态观察

经沼液浸种的早稻秧苗比对照组秧苗，具有较强的耐冷性，通过电镜对叶肉细胞超微结构动态观察证实，在低温（５°／５℃）下，叶绿体结构和细胞核结构，随着冷害天数的延长，伤害在不断加重，叶绿体结构会出现空洞，基质片断裂，直至崩溃。细胞核染色体凝集，核膜破裂，核内容物丧失等现象出现。而经沼液浸种的秧苗伤害程度有较明显的减轻。     

水稻控蘖增粒栽培技术增产原因初探

以金优桂９９、Ｗ６１５４Ｓ／特青、香Ｓ／ＧＥＲ－１等杂交组合为材料，从分蘖节位、茎杆粗细、穗粒结构等方面探讨“控蘖法”对杂交水稻的增产原因。     

借鉴大阪葡萄栽培经验 促进南京葡萄优质高产

介绍了日本大阪栽培葡萄采用棚架上盖薄膜、疏果、掐穗尖、叶面喷肥、喷赤霉素等方法取得了稳产优质的效果和通过农协切磋技艺及推销产品的经验。分析了南京葡萄栽培和采收中的问题。提出了控制产量、保证优质、修剪果穗,推迟采收、叶面喷肥、秋施基肥、推行棚架、加强冬管等一系列改进措施。     

华山松,赤松次生韧皮部的解剖学观察

华山松，赤松次生韧皮部轴向系统由筛胞、韧皮部薄壁细胞及径向片组成，径向系统为射线。径向片和射线中具有蛋白细胞，其特点是细胞核大，细胞质浓，与筛胞之间以单侧筛域相联系。在无功能韧皮部，筛胞和蛋白细胞死亡，被挤毁，射线细胞分裂扩张，并积累后含物。     

贮藏中福桔果皮细胞结构的显微观察及果实理化成分测定

贮藏期间福桔果皮细胞始终具有分裂增殖能力,细胞生长的养分主要通过维管束向果肉吸取,因而促进果肉衰老,形成枯水.枯水果实在贮藏早期就发现果皮细胞层和油腔分泌细胞无丝分裂旺盛,双核细胞多,果皮增厚多.严重枯水时,果皮细胞还具细胞核、线粒体、有色体等超微结构,未枯水果实细胞分裂少见.经预贮后贮藏的果实,由于中断了果皮组织与维管束的联系,果皮细胞生长受抑制,果肉水分、养分消耗少,枯水率最低,     

实验性流行性腹泻仔猪小肠粘膜上皮细胞及肠系膜淋巴结的超微结构

给8头生后3d的哺乳仔猪经口感染猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)“吉”毒株,于感染后18、30、45和96h各扑杀2头,以透射电镜和扫描电镜观察了小肠粘膜上皮细胞及肠系膜淋巴结的超微结构。结果表明,小肠上皮细胞的病变因感染时间不同而有明显差异。上皮细胞的脱落和残留上皮细胞超微结构的破坏,以感染后30h最严重,病毒在这些上皮细胞内的增殖最显著。感染后45h,见有大量新生上皮细胞修补损伤的肠绒毛。感染后96h,小肠绒毛短缩、粗大乃至发生融合。实验仔猪肠系膜淋巴结内巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞的超微结构均遭到破坏,在巨噬细胞内见有PED冠状病毒粒子。     

Cytochemical properties of chicken blood cells resembling both thrombocytes and lymphocytes

Generally accepted criteria were used to identify typical nucleated thrombocytes and typical small lymphocytes in chicken-blood smears subjected to modified-Wright staining. Other cells, here referred to as "intermediate cells," were difficult to classify because in some aspects they resembled thrombocytes while they also had features typical of small lymphocytes. The "intermediate cells" had small, round or oval nuclei with coarsely condensed chromatin, characteristic of both thrombocytes and small lymphocytes. In addition, "intermediate cells" had moderately abundant cytoplasmic volumes, typical of thrombocytes but blue cytoplasm lacking both granules and vacuoles, which is characteristic of small lymphocytes. It made little difference to the thrombocyte count whether these cells were classified as thrombocytes or small lymphocytes; however, this decision made a substantial difference to the lymphocyte count in some chicken-blood smears. Most "intermediate cells" (351 of 410 cells examined) were nonfluorescent after treatment with formaldehyde gas. Furthermore, most "intermediate cells" failed to acquire characteristic pigments when subjected to either Grimelius staining (179 of 204 cells examined) or periodic acid-Schiff staining (173 of 206 cells examined). Typical small lymphocytes reacted in the same way, failing to fluoresce after gaseous formaldehyde treatment (65 of 65 cells examined) and failing to react during Grimelius staining (41 of 44 cells examined) or periodic acid-Schiff staining (21 of 21 cells examined). In contrast, almost all typical thrombocytes became fluorescent in response to gaseous formaldehyde (709 of 718 cells examined) and gave positive reactions when subjected to Grimelius staining (381 of 382 cells examined) or periodic acid-Schiff staining (322 of 326 cells examined). These findings suggested that "intermediate cells" should be classified as lymphocytes in differential cell counts.     

应用花药培养技术培育苹果新类型

通过对苹果不同品种花培植株的试管苗及其高接树的染色体数目观察,看到大部分为单倍体,还有其他倍性的植株.幼龄期元帅花培植株的植物学性状与原品种元帅之间有显著差异,表现分枝多、有针刺、叶片小而薄、茸毛少、有缺刻等野生性状.在花培植株之间,也表现有明显的差别.田间高接后,花培植株随树龄增长逐渐向栽培性状转化,元帅花培植株元80—3已开始结果,表现出明显的短枝型特征.     

Pathogenic mechanisms of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus

Goats infected with caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) show chronic arthritis and cachexia, which are progressive in nature. The immunopathogenic mechanisms responsible for these progressive clinical symptoms have not been fully elucidated. Various haematological and immunological parameters were evaluated in experimentally-infected goats showing typical signs of CAEV-induced disease. Infected goats showed recurrent lymphocytosis that may be due to constant presentation of antigen by infected cells of a monocyte/macrophage lineage. The serum alkaline phosphatase and -glutamyl transferase concentrations were elevated in infected goats, a characteristic of hepatic and bone disorders. All other serum chemistry parameters were similar between infected and control goats. Importantly, the serum tumour necrosis factor- (TNF-) levels were higher in infected goats. The cachexia seen in infected goats may be at least partly due to altered metabolism as a result of prolonged elevation of serum TNF- levels. Depressed natural killer cell activity was observed in infected goats and may contribute towards the establishment of a persistent infection with CAEV.Abbreviations AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome - CAEV caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus - GGT -glutamyl transferase - HBSS Hanks' balanced salt solution - HIV human immunodeficiency virus - NK natural killer - PBMC peripheral blood mononuclear cells - PCR polymerase chain reaction - SAP serum alkaline phosphatase - TNF tumour necrosis factor