Results from the treatment of advanced stage squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal planum in cats, using a combination of intralesional carboplatin and superficial radiotherapy: a pilot study

Six cats with an advanced stage squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the nasal planum were treated with a combination of superficial radiotherapy and intralesional carboplatin therapy. This multimodality protocol was well tolerated by the majority of cats and resulted in complete responses in all cats (100%). Median follow‐up for all cats is 268 days, and the median time‐to‐recurrence, time‐to‐progression and overall survival have not yet been reached. Our study, although limited in number of animals and with a relatively short median follow‐up compared to other studies for this disease, suggests that a combination of radiotherapy and intralesional carboplatin is a useful treatment option for an advanced stage SCC of the nasal planum in cats and warrants further application of the multimodality approach presented here.     

Footsteps from Insect Larvae Damage Leaf Surfaces and Initiate Rapid Responses

Plant resistance to insect herbivory involves gene expression in response to wounding and the detection of insect elicitors in oral secretions (Kessler and Baldwin, 2002, Ann. Rev. Plant/ Biol. 53: 299–328). However, crawling insect larvae stimulate the synthesis of 4-aminobutyrate within minutes and imprints of larval footsteps can be visualized within seconds through superoxide production or transient increases in chlorophyll fluorescence (Bown et al., 2002, Plant Physiol. 129: 1430–1434). Here cryo-scanning electron microscopy was used to demonstrate that larval feet, which are equipped with a perimeter row of hook-like crochets, damage leaf tissue and result in larval footprints. Staining for cell death shows that areas of wounding correspond to footsteps detected through increased chlorophyll fluorescence. Superoxide production in response to footsteps was inhibited by diphenyleneiodonium, an inhibitor of the plasma membrane NADPH oxidase enzyme. Inhibition of superoxide production, however, did not eliminate the detection of cell death. The results demonstrate that larval footsteps damage leaf tissue, and initiate rapid local responses which are not dependent on herbivory or oral secretions. It is proposed that superoxide production at the wound site prevents opportunistic pathogen infection.     

山羊生精上皮细胞分离研究

采用四种酶法分离二月龄关中奶山羊生精上皮细胞,A组:胶原酶Ⅳ;B组:胶原酶Ⅳ +透明质酸酶;C组:胶原酶Ⅳ+透明质酸酶+胰蛋白酶与EDTA;D组:胶原酶Ⅳ+透明质酸酶+胰蛋白酶与EDTA+DnaseI。结果二月龄羔羊曲细精管主要包含Sertoli细胞、精原细胞和管周排列的肌样细胞。每 200mg睾丸实质收获生精上皮细胞总数 (×105 )A,B,C,D组分别为 6. 91±0. 68, 6. 67±0. 80, 5. 94±0. 81, 5. 74±0. 82;细胞存活率 (% )分别为 76. 82±3. 80, 75. 96±1. 61, 94. 19±2. 89, 92. 32±1. 97;圆形细胞比率 (% )分别为 17. 54±1. 68, 16. 70±1. 46, 23. 64±1. 72, 22. 90±2. 38;细胞贴壁率(% )分别为 5. 93±0. 36, 5. 81±0. 54, 26. 94±1. 54, 25. 00±1. 74。C,D组不但组织块解离效果及细胞离散程度均较A,B好,且原代培养细胞团块数少。多重比较C,D组显著优于A,B组 (P<0.05);C组与D组差异不显著(P>0.05),但与A,B组比较细胞存活率、圆形细胞比率及贴壁率差异极显著(P<0.01)。结论认为C组是较简单有效的山羊生精上皮细胞分离酶组合。     

鸡抗球虫药的体外筛选综述

抗鸡球虫药的筛选分为体内筛选和体外筛选。体外筛选具有简易、迅速、准确和经济的优点。本文在前人大量工作的基础上，总结了体外筛选的全过程，并分述了细胞培养筛选法和鸡胚培养筛选法。     

A comparison of the effect of short-acting and long-acting cloxacillin-based dry-cow therapy on somatic cell counts after calving in cows also given internal teat sealants

AIM: To compare, in cows treated with an internal teat sealant, the effect of short-acting and long-acting cloxacillin-based dry-cow therapy on somatic cell counts (SCC) after calving.

METHODS: Cows from a spring-calving, pasture-based dairy farm in the Manawatu-Whanganui region of New Zealand were randomly allocated to receive either a short-acting cloxacillin and ampicillin dry-cow therapy and internal teat sealant (n=291) or a long-acting cloxacillin and ampicillin dry-cow therapy and internal teat sealant (n=288) at the end of lactation. Cows were managed on-farm with routine husbandry procedures through the dry period and following calving. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine the association between length of action of dry-cow therapy and the proportion of cows with a SCC >150,000?cells/mL at the first herd test after calving.

RESULTS: Age of cow, mean SCC for the preceding season and interval from calving to the first post-calving herd test were all associated with the proportion of cows with an individual SCC >150,000?cells/mL at the first herd test (p<0.001) Treatment with the short-acting dry-cow therapy was not associated with decreased odds of cows having a SCC >150,000?cells/mL at the first herd test compared with treatment with long-acting dry-cow therapy (OR=0.724; 95% CI=0.40–1.30).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In this herd, which routinely used internal teat sealants, the use of short-acting cloxacillin-based dry-cow therapy did not result in an increased proportion of cows with elevated SSC post-calving. This was a single farm, single year study but indicates that in this herd, changing from a long-acting to a short-acting antimicrobial may have no impact on the prevalence of subclinical mastitis.     

富硒麦芽对大鼠肝癌细胞增殖周期及凋亡的影响

以100 mg·L-1二乙基亚硝胺(DEN)诱发大鼠肝癌16周,同时分别饲喂含硒0.3、1.0、3.0 mg·kg-1富硒麦芽和含硒3.0 mg·kg-1亚硒酸钠饲料,停止诱癌及补硒处理2周后,处死大鼠.利用流式细胞术分析肝细胞增殖周期和细胞凋亡,探讨富硒麦芽对DEN诱发大鼠肝癌细胞周期及细胞凋亡的影响.结果表明: 与模型对照组比较,富硒麦芽组大鼠S期细胞显著减少,细胞增殖指数显著下降,而G0/G1期细胞显著增多,细胞凋亡率显著升高;与亚硒酸钠组比较,相同硒含量富硒麦芽组G0/G1期细胞和细胞凋亡率显著高于亚硒酸钠组,而S和G2/M期细胞显著低于亚硒酸钠组.证明富硒麦芽能干扰大鼠肝癌细胞增殖周期,阻断DNA合成与复制,使癌细胞在G1期堆积,再诱导G1期细胞发生凋亡,提示抑制癌细胞增殖和促进癌细胞凋亡可能是富硒麦芽发挥其抗癌作用的细胞学基础之一.     

CW-MFC系统启动过程中溶解有机物的荧光光谱解析

为判断CW-MFC反应器运行状态提供一种简单且快速的监测方法,利用三维荧光光谱法研究人工湿地-微生物燃料电池耦合系统（CW-MFC）启动过程中溶解性有机物（DOM）的光谱特征。结果显示CW-MFC反应器启动阶段的循环进水周期内类蛋白质峰荧光逐渐变弱,说明反应器内部微生物有较好的活性,而类腐殖质和类富里酸峰荧光呈现逐渐增强的趋势。同时,随着驯化时间的推移,在连续流进水周期内系统的输出电压基本维持在300 mV左右,COD、NH₄⁺-N、TP的平均去除率也逐渐趋于稳定,分别为82.66% ± 4.47%、73.52% ± 6.95%和55.42% ± 8.59%。并通过比较反应器的出水中DOM组分荧光强度得分值,发现从启动到稳定运行的过程中反应器内部微生物的活性和代谢逐渐稳定,说明利用三维荧光光谱技术判断反应器是否运行稳定具有可行性。     

暗期短暂远红光处理对南瓜幼苗生长、细胞形态和激素含量的影响

【目的】研究暗期前短暂远红光处理对南瓜幼苗生长形态、组织细胞形态和相关激素水平的影响,为远红光在农业上的应用提供理论依据。【方法】以南瓜品种‘日本雪松’为试验材料,分别在暗期前给予2(T1)、4(T2)、6(T3)、8(T4)、10(T5)和12(T6)mmol·m^-2·d^-1的远红光处理,以无远红光处理为对照(CK),测定植株生长形态下胚轴细胞形态以及生长素(IAA)、玉米素(ZT)、赤霉素(GA3)与油菜素内酯(BR)含量。【结果】在暗期短时外施远红光能显著提高南瓜幼苗下胚轴长度和株高,对植株茎粗,地上、地下部干/鲜重无显著影响;2、4、6、8、10和12 mmol·m-2·d-1远红光处理的下胚轴薄壁细胞轴向长度分别比CK显著增加34.6%、20.7%、31.3%、25.6%、32.8%和20.9%;下胚轴厚角组织厚度分别比CK显著增加19.6%、22.4%、21.2%、23.9%、19.6%和28%;经暗期前远红光处理后,南瓜幼苗根中生长素(IAA)含量,下胚轴中生长素(IAA)、赤霉素(GA3)、玉米素(ZT)含量,子叶中生长素(I...     

四倍体甜瓜花粉母细胞减数分裂的观察

以同源四倍体甜瓜为材料,采用常规压片法研究花粉母细胞减数分裂行为。结果表明:同源四倍体甜瓜花粉母细胞减数分裂过程与二倍体类似,但有其特殊性。主要表现在:粗线期观察到有6.7%的细胞出现双核;终变期的四倍体染色体构型较复杂,有二价体、多价体、三价体和单价体;中期I和中期II有赤道板外染色体;后期I和后期II出现染色体桥和落后染色体;四分体时期出现二分体、三分体和多分体。花粉母细胞减数分裂的异常是同源四倍体甜瓜育性低的细胞学原因。