盐胁迫对紫花地丁种子萌发的影响

以紫花地丁种子为试材,用不同浓度的NaCl、Na2SO4及二者质量比1∶1配成的混合盐在种子萌发过程中进行胁迫,调查盐胁迫对种子萌发的影响。结果表明:盐胁迫使紫花地丁种子的发芽势、发芽指数和发芽率明显降低,而且随着盐浓度的增加,抑制作用增强;3种盐对种子萌发的抑制作用强度依次为NaCl>混合盐>Na2SO4;紫花地丁种子萌发时3种盐的耐盐适宜范围为Na2SO41.2%、混合盐0.54%、NaCl 0.54%,耐盐半致死浓度为Na2SO41.98%、混合盐0.83%、NaCl 0.80%,耐盐极限浓度为Na2SO43.24%、混合盐1.30%、NaCl 1.22%。     

冬季自然降温对三种蓝莓抗寒生理指标的影响

\t\t\t\t\t目的\t\t\t\t\t为了研究桃树花芽越冬过程中细胞内含物变化与花芽休眠的关系。\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t方法\t\t\t\t\t以‘中华寿桃’（Prunus persica L. var. densa Makino cv. Zhonghuashoutao）为试材,分析比较越冬过程中8个时期花芽休眠状态和细胞内含物变化。\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t结果\t\t\t\t\t‘中华寿桃’花芽在内休眠期间SOD活性呈现逐渐上升,随着内休眠解除,活性降低;POD活性在内休眠阶段出现先升高后降低的变化,内休眠解除过程中先降低后升高的变化;内休眠维持和解除过程中,CAT活性逐渐降低,而Vc出现几次较大的波动;内休眠阶段H₂O₂含量和\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPurpose\t\t\t\t\tOur aim was to study the relationship between the changes of cell inclusions and flower buds dormancy during the winter.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMethod\t\t\t\t\tDormancy status and the changes of cell inclusions were analyzed and compared in flower buds of Prunus persica L. var. densa Makino cv. Zhonghuashoutao at eight different periods during the winter dormancy.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tResults\t\t\t\t\tThe results indicated that SOD activity gradually increased during the period of endodormancy, and decreased with endodormancy release. POD activity increased at first and then decreased in the stage of endodormancy, and firstly descended and then increased in the progress of endodormancy release. CAT activity gradually decreased and Vc content appeared several large fluctuations in the process of endodormancy maintenance and release. The variation tendency of H₂O₂ content and \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t相似文献   

盐胁迫和干旱胁迫对蓝花子种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

将蓝花子培养在含有不同浓度的NaCl和甘露醇的MS培养基上,研究蓝花子在不同浓度的NaCl和甘露醇处理下的发芽势、发芽率、相对发芽率、叶绿素含量以及过氧化物酶活性等,揭示蓝花子对盐胁迫和干旱胁迫的耐受能力。结果表明:蓝花子的发芽率、株高、根长、叶绿素以及过氧化物酶活性都随NaCl浓度的升高而显著下降;在甘露醇胁迫时,蓝花子幼苗的根长、叶绿素含量以及POD酶活性都随甘露醇浓度的升高表现为先升高后降低的趋势。说明同十字花科其它植物相比蓝花子对盐胁迫十分敏感,而对干旱胁迫却能表现出比较明显的耐受性。     

Measurement of Some Physiological and Biochemical Indexes of the Antisense Fragment of CYP86MF Gene Transgenic Male Sterile Plantlets in Chinese Cabbage-Pak-Choi

In order to study the mechanism of the transgenic male sterility induced by the antisense fragment of gene CYP86MF, some physiological and biochemical indexes were compared between the transgenic plantlets of Chinese cabbage-pak-choi (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis Makino) and their controls.Results showed that there was significant difference between content of the endogenous hormones in leaves and floral buds. GA3 contents in leaves of the transgenic plantlets of B. campestris L. ssp. chinensis Makino cv.Shanghai-qing and cv. Youqing were reduced by 31.72 and 46.88% respectively as compared with those of their controls, and GA3 contents in floral buds of them were reduced by 62.92 and 80.57 % respectively. In addition, ZT contents in leaves of cv. Shanghai-qing and cv. Youqing were reduced by 11.81 and 181.20%respectively as compared with those of their controls and those in floral buds were reduced by 105.94 and 128.75% respectively. But, ABA content in transgenic plantlets was significantly higher than that in nontransgenic plantlets. However, differences among respiratory rate and cyanide-resistant respiratory rate, the photosynthesic rate and the content of total flavones in floral buds were not significant. In this study, the results indicated that the gene CYP86MF might be one of the key functional genes to control fertility of Chinese cabbage.     

不结球白菜抗病育种的研究 Ⅷ.矮抗五号和矮抗六号新品种的选育

在抗芜菁花叶病毒和霜霉病研究工作的基础上,利用杂种优势育种技术,以ＳＷ－１３自交不亲和系为母本,Ｖ－１２６和Ｘ－１８９自交系为父本,选育出综合性状优良的矮抗五号和矮抗六号新品种。其特点：（１）丰产：生产试验平均产量分别达５７．２和６３．６ｔ／ｈｍ２,比对照矮抗一号分别增加１２．８％和２５．３％;（２）抗病：两品种ＴｕＭＶ、霜霉病、黑斑病人工鉴定病情指数分别为４．０１（ＨＲ）,１２．０９（Ｒ）,１２．９６（Ｒ）和１．５４（ＨＲ）,９．１７（ＨＲ）,２３．４２（Ｒ）;（３）优质：叶片重／叶柄重分别比对照提高１３．５％和２５．０％,且有机酸含量低;（４）耐热：热害指数分别比对照矮杂一号（４２．５０）降低了１００％和２７８％。     

天葵研究进展

综述了天葵的化学成分和应用的研究进展。     

天然四倍体紫花地丁的体细胞染色体观察

[目的]了解药用植物紫花地丁的植物分类及区域分布,为其提供细胞学资料。[方法]分别随机采集50株野生紫花地丁的幼蕾及50株成熟野生紫花地丁的果实,经预处理后,对子房细胞及根尖细胞进行卡宝品红染色及染色体观察并计数。[结果]对50株野生紫花地丁的子房,用8-羟基喹啉溶液预处理,进行子房细胞染色体制片,经光学显微镜镜检后,共得到127个可染色体计数的子房细胞;50株野生紫花地丁的种子经发根培养,8-羟基喹啉溶液预处理,进行根尖体细胞染色体制片后,共得到92个可染色体计数的细胞。这219个可染色体计数的体细胞的染色体数目均为48。[结论]发现了一个紫花地丁的天然四倍体种群,其体细胞染色体数目为48。     

有性多倍化白菜四倍体雄性不育花药发育的解剖学研究

[目的]对有性多倍化雄性不育系花药的败育时期和方式进行研究,为雄性不育基础研究提供理论依据。[方法]以同源四倍体白菜为母本,以秋水仙素诱导筛选出含2n配子较高的二倍体为父本杂交获得四倍体不育系及其保持系为材料,采用常规石蜡切片法对其花药进行解剖学研究,观察其花药的败育时期。[结果]退化的雄蕊可分为4种类型,均败育于孢原细胞分化期,始终处在孢原细胞期,无绒毡层与花粉母细胞的分化,不形成药室,属孢子体败育型。[结论]有性多倍化白菜四倍体雄性不育的4种类型都是孢子体败育型。     

薄皮甜瓜农艺性状配合力分析

选用8个薄皮甜瓜品种(系)作为杂交试材,采用完全双列杂交设计进行杂交,对F1代的主要数量性状的配合力进行了分析。结果表明:在供试亲本中,03HT1-2、大香水和特大丰甜各性状的一般配合力效应值均较高,是综合性状比较优良的亲本,可作为薄皮甜瓜优良品种选育的骨干亲本应用。在杂交组合中,以组合03HT1-2×大香水、03HT1-2×白糖罐、大香水×特大丰甜的表现最为突出,不仅在产量上的特殊配合力效应值较高,而且品质的特殊配合力也表现为正向效应。     

紫花地丁的几种抗逆指标研究初探

紫花地丁（ViolayedoensisMakino）具有较高的观赏价值，有较强的抗逆性．本试验旨在选用紫花地丁作为缀花草坪植物．对其进行逆境指标研究的试验证明：紫花地丁践踏后恢复再生能力较强，能抗8．78kg／cm2的土壤坚实度，土壤含水量在5％～8％仍能生长．土壤含盐量0．3％时生长未受影响，并能耐5d以上的水淹，比较接近草坪品种选育的指标．