流动注射-冷原子吸收法测定大百合中的痕量汞

探讨了流动注射还原气化-冷原子吸收光谱法测定微量汞的最佳条件,建立了大百合中痕量汞的流动注射还原气化-冷原子吸收光谱分析方法,并对检测条件进行了优化。结果表明,该方法操作简便、快速、灵敏度和自动化程度高,测定汞的线性范围为O～80μg/L,相对标准偏差小于3．0％,加标回收率为95％～106％。     

Intergeneric hybridization and relationship of genera within the tribe Anthemideae Cass. (I. <Emphasis Type="Italic">Dendranthema crassum</Emphasis> (kitam.) kitam. × <Emphasis Type="Italic">Crossostephium chinense</Emphasis> (L.) Makino)

An intergeneric cross has been made between Dendranthema crassum (kitam.) kitam. (2n = 90; ♀) and Crossostephium chinense (L.) Makino (2n = 18; ♂). Most of the hybrid embryos aborted at an early developmental stage. Using ovule rescue, it was possible to establish a single intergeneric hybrid plant showing 2n = 54 chromosomes. The leaf length, leaf width and epidermal hair density of the hybrid were all intermediate between those of the parents. However the flower diameter, number of tubular florets, epidermal hair height and epidermal hair length exceeded those of both parents. A genomic in situ hybridization approach was able to distinguish between the parental genomes in the hybrid plant.     

穿山龙叶面积与生物量的相关性研究

通过对穿山龙叶面积及生物量的测量分析,提出一个简易的穿山龙叶面积计算经验公式,用长宽乘积法计算穿山龙叶面积的矫正系数为0.692;整株穿山龙叶面积总和可以用叶片数与最大叶片的叶面积的乘积计算,矫正系数为0.502。并分析了穿山龙叶面积、地上与地下生物量、叶片数、株高之间极显著的直线相关关系。     

爱玉子总黄酮含量研究

研究了影响爱玉子总黄酮含量以及提取率的因素。结果表明:不同烘干温度显著影响叶总黄酮的提取率;爱玉子同一植株不同部位的总黄酮含量不同,幼龄叶的总黄酮含量最高,平均含量可达到7.80%;光照条件和采样时间对爱玉子叶总黄酮含量的影响显著;爱玉子雌株叶总黄酮含量高于雄株。     

Estimating biomass production and carbon storage for a fast-growing makino bamboo (Phyllostachys makinoi) plant based on the diameter distribution model

The purpose of this study was to estimate biomass and carbon storage for a fast-growing makino bamboo (Phyllostachys makinoi). The study site was located in central Taiwan and the makino bamboo plantation had a stand density of 21191 ± 4107 culms ha⁻¹. A diameter distribution model based on the Weibull distribution function and an allometric model was used to predict aboveground biomass and carbon storage. For an accurate estimation of carbon storage, the percent carbon content (PCC) in different sections of bamboo was determined by an elemental analyzer. The results showed that bamboos of all ages shared a similar trend, where culms displayed a carbon storage of 47.49–47.82%, branches 45.66–46.23%, and foliage 38.12–44.78%. In spite of the high density of the stand, the diameter distribution of makino bamboo approached a normal distribution and aboveground biomass and carbon storage were 105.33 and 49.81 Mg ha⁻¹, respectively. Moreover, one-fifth of older culms from the entire stand were removed by selective cutting. If the distribution of the yield of older culms per year was similar to the current stand, the yields of biomass and carbon per year would be 21.07 and 9.89 Mg ha⁻¹ year⁻¹. An astonishing productivity was observed, where every 5 years the yield of biomass and carbon was equal to the current status of stockings. Thus, makino bamboo has a high potential as a species used for carbon storage.     

白菜核雄性不育两用系花蕾的mRNA差别显示及其cDNA差异片段分析

用mRNA差别显示技术对白菜核雄性不育两用系中不育株群与可育株群花蕾总RNA进行了比较分析.在6种反转录模板和20种差异随机引物共120种组合的选择扩增中共回收了18个cDNA差异片段,对其中6个cDNA差异片段进行Northern验证,获得了一个白菜核雄性不育两用系可育株群并在花蕾中特异表达的阳性差异片段,简称为B0302-4.Northern验证结果表明它在不育株中的表达受到了明显的抑制,其长度为463 bp.经GenBank BLAST查询,它与拟南芥第一条染色体上编码细胞色素P450的基因CYP86C4核苷酸序列有84.3%的同源性.     

杀青工艺对柿叶绿茶活性成分的影响

研究了杀青工艺条件对安溪油柿叶绿茶类黄酮、维生素C、多酚和游离氨基酸等活性成分的影响。结果表明:柿叶鲜叶不切,直接以炒青机炒青有利于保留柿叶绿茶类黄酮、多酚和游离氨基酸等活性成分;低温短时杀青有利于柿叶绿茶活性成分的保留,杀青条件以120℃,1min最佳。     

大葱雄性不育的研究和应用进展

雄性不育技术的研究对大葱杂种优势的进一步利用具有推进作用.介绍了大葱雄性不育的类型、大葱雄性不育花器官的形态特征和花粉发育的细胞学研究情况、大葱雄性不育生物分子学的研究情况,总结了利用大葱雄性不育创制的不育系及育成的杂种一代在生产上的应用情况,并对大葱雄性不育杂种优势的利用进行了展望.     

不结球白菜L-半乳糖酸-1,4-内酯脱氢酶基因(GLDH)cDNA片段克隆与RNAi表达载体构建

根据植物中hpRNA(hairpin RNA)原理,选择GLDH基因cDNA序列同源性较低区域设计1对携带双酶切位点的特异引物,以不结球白菜‘苏州青’叶片为材料提取总RNA,利用RT-PCR技术克隆了GLDH基因片段。构建中间克隆载体,经过3次亚克隆将测序正确的GLDH基因片段分别以正向和反向两种形式插入到间隔基因YYT的两端,经鉴定已插入到植物表达载体中,成功地构建了干扰GLDH基因表达的RNAi植物双元表达载体pRNAi-GLDH,并将表达载体转化到农杆菌菌株LBA4404中,为深入研究GLDH基因功能提供有效的工具。     

薏苡生育期中叶片光合性能的研究

以田间栽培的薏苡[Coix lacryma-jobi(L.)var.frumentacea Makino]为材料,对薏苡生长发育过程中叶片的光合速率等光合性能进行了研究。结果表明:薏苡全生育期中叶片的光合色素含量在苗期较低,营养生长旺盛期含量提高,分蘖末期到穗花期初期达到最高值后又逐渐降低。生育期中叶片净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(E)和水分利用效率(WUE)都呈单峰曲线变化,其中Pn和E的高峰较明显,WUE在全生育期中起伏变化较小。晴天条件下,Pn、E和气孔导度(gs)从早晨开始随光合有效辐射(PAR)和气温同步升高,Pn和gs在11:30左右达到高峰值后即呈下降趋势,E则在下午出现另一峰值。由叶片可溶性糖与游离氨基酸含量的比值计算的C/N比在成熟期最高,穗花期其次,苗期和分蘖期较低,这可能是有利于穗发育和开花的碳氮代谢特性。