农牧交错带不同间套作模式的土地生产力

农牧交错带不同带状间套作不但是一种高产高效的生产技术,而且还是一种冬春季节防风固沙的生态保护措施。研究间套作对作物干物质积累过程和产量的影响,对于合理利用间套作技术提高土地生产力和改善生态环境有重要意义。该研究从2009年到2011年在内蒙古武川县进行大田试验,通过地上部干物质质量随大于0℃有效积温增长的指数线性(expolinear)关系对不同作物间作和单作的地上部干物质增长动态进行拟合,量化了间作模式下作物的生长速率的变化和生长与发育延缓的程度。采用土地当量比(land equivalent ratio,LER)研究了农牧交错带几种典型间作模式的土地生产力。结果表明:向日葵/马铃薯、莜麦/马铃薯和莜麦/豆类大带宽(2m:2m带宽)间作具有显著的产量优势,基于经济产量的土地当量比LER分别为1.12、1.09和1.05,说明间作能提高土地生产力5%～12%。窄带宽模式(1m:1m带宽)间作优势小于大带宽模式,而且年际间的变幅较大。间作显著提高了向日葵收获指数,对其他作物收获指数的影响不显著。间作中高秆作物如莜麦在莜麦和豆类的间作中具有显著的边行优势。间作和单作相比,显著降低了作物最大生长速率(cm);但相对生长速率rm和单作的差异不显著;在间作中,矮秆作物(马铃薯和箭舌豌豆)的生长进程都有不同程度的延缓,到达冠层最大盖度时所需的有效积温比单作多117～387℃·d,考虑到试验区作物生长季内的日平均温度为15℃左右,这2种间作作物的生长延缓了约8～26d。总体来讲,农牧交错带的这几种典型带状间作种植模式都具有一定的间作产量优势和更高的经济效益,特别是大带宽间作模式,间作优势较为明显,而且还能降低农业生产的气候和市场风险。     

乙纶经编网片断裂强力特性研究

本研究以国家有关测试标准为依据，采用裂区模型实验设计方法对多种系列乙纶单丝经编网片测样进行测定，数据采用多元方差分析方法，分析了网片纵横向之间、干湿态之间的断裂强力和断裂伸长率的差异性，找出了影响网片断裂强力和断裂伸长率的主要因素，分析了各主要因素影响的程度和趋势，回归各因素与断裂强力和断裂伸长率间的关系。研究分析结果表明，乙纶经编网片的断裂强力和断裂伸长率均与目脚总丝数、编织密度和成圈丝数有高度显著的线性关系。     

金属材料动态断裂韧性测试装置设计

本文在Hopkinson压杆测试系统的基础上设计并制造了一套有自己特点的动态断裂韧性测试装置，测试结果表明该装置是有效的。     

陕南桑树断枝病的研究

经过两年多的调查、试验，现已基本弄清了陕南断枝病的发病原因，发生规律。并提出了简便易行的防治方法，防治效果达90％以上。     

复合改良剂对马铃薯淀粉粉丝断条率的影响

实验以马铃薯淀粉为原料制备无矾粉丝。通过单因素及正交试验考察了豌豆淀粉、蓬灰、魔芋胶及卡拉胶添加量对粉丝断条率的影响。结果表明,添加15%豌豆淀粉、0.5%的蓬灰、0.4%的魔芋胶和0.3%的卡拉胶对粉丝的断条率有很显著的改善作用。     

Na compound fertilizer stimulates growth and alleviates water deficit in the succulent xerophyte Nitraria tangutorum (Bobr) after breaking seed dormancy

Nitraria tangutorum (Bobr), a typical succulent xerophyte with high level of seed dormancy, is one of the few shrubs found to date that can develop and form fixed dunes in desert regions. Our studies have demonstrated that the strong drought tolerance of the succulent xerophytes was strongly linked to high sodium (Na⁺) accumulation in the photosynthesizing branches (PB) as well as leaves. The study is to explore a method that can rapidly promote the seed germination of N. tangutorum, and then investigate the positive effects of Na compound fertilizer (NaCF) on the growth and drought tolerance of N. tangutorum and ecological environment by short-term pot experiment in a greenhouse and long-term field and pot experiment in a desert environment. The results indicate that the germination rate of seeds obtained a maximum by 69% when seeds were treated with 150 mg L ^?1 gibberellic acid (GA₃) for 48 h followed by soaking in concentrated sulfuric acid (98% H₂SO₄) for 55 min, and then germinated (25/5°C) in darkness for 8 d. After breaking seed dormancy, the NaCF significantly stimulated growth of N. tangutorum and, concomitantly, improved its ability to cope with water deficit (30% of field water capacity) by increasing Na⁺ more than Potassium (K⁺) accumulation for osmotic adjustment in greenhouse and desert conditions. The contribution (take the pot experiment in the desert, for example) of Na⁺ to the osmotic potential (compared with control) varied from 13.9% in plants subjected to diammonium phosphate [(NH₄)₂HPO₄] to, surprisingly, 63.9% in plants grown in the presence of NaCF under water deficit. The distribution characteristics of the total Na⁺ (1620 mg) in the NaCF indicate that 691.2 mg (42.7%) is absorbed by plants, 848.8 mg (52.4%) remained in the pot and 80 mg (4.9%) leached, which accounted for 2.2% of the nursery soil, respectively. The positive effect of NaCF on the drought resistance of N. tangutorum and the ecological environment were also confirmed in the field experiments. These findings suggest that the rapid seed germination technology of N. tangutorum combined with the popularization and application of NaCF can shorten the seed germination period and make the seedling establishment much easier, which may be an effective strategy to restore and reconstruct degraded vegetation in many desert regions.     

宝中铁路防沙护路林带树种选择及营造技术研究

通过对宝中铁路防沙护路林带树种选择及营造技术４年的试验研究，筛选出沙枣、柠条、花棒、柽柳、沙木蓼等５个较耐干旱且生长稳定的树种，并选出了其适生的土壤类型、造林密度、适宜的灌溉定额以及提高沙枣造林成活率的修剪措施，使年降水量２００ｍｍ左右的风沙危害地段，造林成活率、保存率达到８５％以上，且林带树木生长状况良好，已发挥了防护效益。     

STUDY OF SOLUTION METHODS FOR SEPARATOR EQUATIONS OF HIGH GRADIENT MAGNETIC SEPARATION

In this paper, an analytical solution,approximate solution of initial retention, steady-state solution and numerical solution of separator equations of high gradient magnetic separation are discussed. A backward-vave method used to improve the steady-state solution and Treanor-four order Taylor numerical method are suggested for magnetic separator equations and are compared with experimental results.     

Quick Modifying Method of NURBS Curve

Although there are modifying modules in the most CAD software, the parameters of entire curve must be computed again as the tiny local curve changed. The modification are not local and spending long time and difficult as the eurve is complex or large. A method can be applied to engineering designer easily has been proposed. There are only four segments have been ehanged along with the moving of a given point, and the speed is fast. It ean be used to CAD software and generalize the method to surface easily.     

Inhibition of Crandell-Rees Feline Kidney cell proliferation by X-ray-induced senescence

Radioresistance and radiotoxicity have been reported following cancer treatments in felines. Optimizing radiation doses to induce cytotoxic effects to only cancer cells and not normal cells is critical in achieving effective radiation therapy; however, the mechanisms of radiation resistance, radiotoxicity, and DNA damage response (DDR) in feline cells have not yet been elucidated. A DNA double-strand break (DSB) is the most toxic type of DNA damage induced by X-rays and heavy ion beams used in treating cancers. Crandell-Rees Feline Kidney (CRFK) cells is one of the most widely used cat cells in life science research. Here, we report that DSB-triggered senescence induced by X-rays is important in inhibiting the proliferation of CRFK cells. We demonstrated through cell proliferation assay that X-rays at doses 2 Gy and 10 Gy are toxic to CRFK cells that irradiating CRFK cells inhibits their proliferation. In X-irradiated CRFK cells, a dose-dependent increase in DSB-triggered senescence was detected according to morphological changes and using senescence-associated β galactosidase staining assay. Moreover, our data indicated that in CRFK cells, the major DDR pathway, which involves the phosphorylation of H2AX at Ser139, was normally activated by ATM kinases. Our findings are useful in the understanding of X-rays-induced cellular senescence and in elucidating biological effects of radiation, e.g., toxicity, in feline cells. Furthermore, our findings suggest that the CRFK cell line is an excellent matrix for elucidating radioresistance and radiotoxicity in cat cells.