高羊茅属4个品种萌发期耐盐能力的研究

以NaCl为胁迫因子,设置质量分数0、0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%、1.0% 6个盐分梯度,对4个高羊茅（Festuca arundinacea)品种在萌发期进行盐胁迫处理,分别观测盐溶液对相对发芽率、相对发芽势、根/茎、根长相对降低率等萌发指标的影响。结果表明,各品种相对发芽率、相对发芽势、根/茎随盐质量分数的增加而降低,根长相对降低率随盐质量分数的增加而升高。综合评比表明,凌志耐盐性最强,爱瑞3耐盐性最弱。     

牛腿山羊对炎热气候的适应性的研究

牛腿山羊为个体大，肉用性能好的山地品种，研究牛腿山羊对炎热气候的适应性，目的在于为同类地区引起该品种提供依据，本试验于１９９５年７月２８日至８月１日在新乡县朝阳种羊场进行，随机选取健康，空怀，经产的成年牛腿山羊和本地槐山羊各１２只，采集血样，实验室内测定Ｔ４和Ｋ＾＋含量，选其中各６只，连续３日测定６：００－７：００时和１５：００－１６：００时的毛丛温度，直肠温度，呼吸率和心率，并且同时测定羊舍内白     

碱茅耐盐性的研究

对碱茅不同生育期的耐盐性试验表明：碱茅成株的耐盐性强，种子和苗期的耐盐性低。种子对硫酸盐土混合盐、碳酸钠单盐和氯化钠单盐室内萌发的耐盐度分别是（溶液浓度）３．４７％、１．０８％、１．５８％。种子出苗期适宜的土壤盐渍度为１．７１２％，临界盐渍度为３．１０％。苗期以后耐盐性逐渐提高，可在２．４７～２．７９％的土壤盐渍度下生长发育正常。成株的耐盐度高达４．２４８％。田间播种碱茅草在０～１０ｃｍ土壤含盐量１．６５％以下时，可以正常出苗。盐分达到１．８５％时，需要加大实际播量，以便全苗。     

鸡Hsc70基因5′侧翼区SNP与耐热性状的相关分析

为研究Hsc70基因作为鸡抗病育种中一种分子标记的可能性,本试验利用克隆测序技术对清远麻鸡、广东温氏矮脚黄鸡、灵山鸡和隐性白羽洛克鸡4个品种共20个个体Hsc70基因的5′侧翼区进行多态性筛查,发现10处变异,包括8个SNPs和2个插入/缺失突变。通过分析,选取C.-521A〉C位点,利用PCR-RFLP方法分析了此位点在灵山鸡和隐性白羽洛克鸡群体中的基因型分布,所得分型结果与测定的耐热性状（T3、皮质酮、CD3＋、CD4＋和CD8＋）进行关联分析,结果表明：常温状态下（15℃）,在隐性白羽洛克鸡群体中,位点C.-521A〉C与CD3＋、CD4＋和CD8＋显著相关（P〈0.05）,其中AA基因型个体CD3＋值显著低于AC基因型个体,而CD4＋与CD8＋值显著高于AC基因型个体;热应激状态下（35℃）,在灵山鸡群体中,位点C.-521A〉C与CD8＋极显著相关（P〈0.01）,CC基因型个体CD8＋值极显著高于AA和AC基因型。     

解决聚丙烯芯钢丝绳生产过程中钢丝“塌陷”（或间隙不均）及绳径超差问题

本文从生产制造角度来分析解决聚丙烯芯钢丝绳生产过程中易出现的钢丝塌陷、钢丝间隙不均及绳径超差等问题。与天然纤维芯相比,聚丙烯芯是一种合成纤维芯,除具有质轻、弹性好、不怕霉蛀等特性外,同时还具有较好的抗挤压性,因此,生产过程中,对聚丙烯芯直径公差的控制比对天然纤维芯直径公差的控制更为严格,如聚丙烯芯直径选择不当,易会出现股中钢丝塌陷(或钢丝间隙不均)、绳径超差等问题。笔者结合生产实际情况,从控制聚丙烯绳芯(股芯)直径公差入手,找出聚丙烯芯直径的计算值与其实测值之间合适的比例范围,对正确选择聚丙烯绳芯(股芯)直径大小,满足钢丝绳生产工艺要求,优化工艺参数,提高钢丝绳结构的稳定性和机台生产作业率有着重要的作用。     

干旱预处理对一年生黑麦草耐盐性的影响

全球土壤盐渍化正在威胁着植物的生长发育,提高植物抗盐性已是当前亟待解决的问题。利用植物对逆境胁迫的交叉适应性是提高抗逆性的一种经济有效的方法,但关于干旱能否增强植物耐盐性的研究甚少。本试验以一年生黑麦草（Lolium multiflorum Lam.）为试验材料,对植物进行单一盐处理（NaCl）、经干旱预处理的盐处理（PEG-NaCl）,以及盐旱同时处理（PEG+NaCl）,比较相对含水量、叶绿素含量、丙二醛、钠离子及钾离子含量等生理指标。结果表明：盐胁迫使植物的钠离子含量显著增加,叶绿素含量及相对含水量降低;但经PEG处理后,相比于单一盐处理,叶绿素及钠离子分别有所增加及降低,其中,5% PEG的作用显著优于10% PEG处理;而盐旱同时发生则对植物造成了最大的伤害。因此,适宜强度的干旱预处理在一定程度上可减少盐胁迫对植物的伤害。     

9个高羊茅品种苗期耐盐性研究

采用盆栽法,观测高羊茅9个品种（系）在不同的盐分浓度梯度（0%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%）胁迫下的存活率、株高、生物量3个形态指标和游离脯氨酸含量、质膜透性2个生理指标,对9个高羊茅品种的苗期耐盐性进行了综合评价。结果表明：存活苗数、相对株高、生物量随盐浓度的升高而降低;脯氨酸含量、质膜相对透性随盐浓度的升高而升高;综合评价9个高羊茅品种,幼苗的耐盐能力强弱顺序为：92-93〉92-81〉92-107〉92-114〉89-92〉92-72〉92-87〉92-105〉92-106。     

Oral glucose leads to a differential response in glucose,insulin, and GLP-1 in lean versus obese cats

The response to oral glucose was examined in 10 obese and 9 lean age-matched, neutered cats. In all cats, oral administration of 2 g/kg glucose was followed by a prompt increase in glucose, insulin, and glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1. There were significant differences between lean and obese cats in the areas under the curve for glucose, insulin, and GLP-1. However, the responses were variable, and a clear distinction between individual lean and obese cats was not possible. Therefore, this test cannot be recommended as a routine test to examine insulin resistance in individual cats as it is used in people. A further disadvantage for routine use is also the fact that this test requires gastric tubing for the correct administration of the glucose and associated tranquilization to minimize stress and that it was associated with development of diarrhea in 25% of the cats. GLP-1 concentrations were much lower in obese than lean cats. The low GLP-1 concentrations in obese cats might indicate a contribution of GLP-1 to the lower insulin sensitivity of obese cats, but this hypothesis needs to be further investigated.     

黄花苜蓿的优良特性与开发利用

本文简要介绍了苜蓿属植物黄花苜蓿的分布、生境以及饲用价值高、抗寒、抗旱、耐盐碱等优良特性,并对其与紫花苜蓿相比所占的优势、对苜蓿育种的贡献及在草地改良中的生态价值进行了评述。在简述目前我国黄花苜蓿国研究现状的同时,提出要大力开发利用这一牧草资源,它必将对我国畜牧业生产、退化草地改良及水土保持等发挥重要作用。     

Type 2 diabetes mellitus with pancreatic β cell dysfunction in 3 horses confirmed with minimal model analysis

Reasons for performing study: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is diagnosed rarely in equine practice although it may be under‐recognised. A greater awareness of the condition and therapeutic considerations would be to the benefit of such cases presenting in practice. More investigation into the pharmacological management of these cases is needed. Objectives: Three cases of diabetes mellitus were investigated using a specific test for insulin sensitivity and pancreatic β cell function in order to define accurately and characterise the existence of T2DM in all 3 subjects. Methods: The insulin‐modified frequently sampled i.v. glucose tolerance test was performed in each case and the data so obtained were subject to minimal model analysis of insulin‐glucose dynamics. Cases were then monitored following treatment using a combination of dietary modification, metformin, glibenclamide and pergolide. Results: Marked insulin resistance was identified in each case and, furthermore, severe pancreatic β cell dysfunction was present therefore classifying each case as end stage T2DM. Treatment was nevertheless associated with restoration of normoglycaemia in all cases. Conclusions: T2DM in horses may be more common than generally considered. In some cases individuals may respond to therapy aimed at restoring insulin sensitivity and pancreatic function. Drugs used in other species for the treatment of T2DM have not yet been adequately tested in horses. Potential relevance: T2DM should be considered as an important differential diagnosis in mature to elderly horses and ponies suffering from weight loss, polydipsia and polyuria. Clinicians should be encouraged to offer treatment and management advice when such cases are encountered.