过程性考核在《细胞生物学》课程教学中的应用

过程性考核是在课程实施的过程中对学生的学习进行评价的方式,强调对学生学习综合知识与能力素养的考核,能够克服一次性期末闭卷考试的不足.细胞生物学课程过程性考核根据教学内容分阶段采取多样化的考核方式,不仅可以促进学生分阶段完成学习任务,使任课教师及时了解学生的学习效果,而且还具有激发学生的学习主动性、引领学生自主学习等作用...     

矮砧密植苹果树连续开沟定距栽植机研制

针对现有果树栽植劳动强度大、株距控制精度低的现状,该文开展了基于标准化栽培模式的农机农艺融合技术研究,设计了矮砧密植苹果栽植机,解决了果树幼苗栽植作业中存在的机械化关键技术难题:连续宽深开沟、果苗直立栽植、株距精确控制。采用V型双圆盘开沟器实现连续宽深开沟;通过人工辅助喂苗、栅杆定位装置辅助定位、夹持输送装置扶苗、刮板式覆土器回土及橡胶镇压轮压实土壤等系列环节,完成果苗直立栽植;定距栽植控制装置通过光电传感器感应前一棵树苗位置后启动下一棵树苗夹持运行并完成栽植,实现了株距的精确控制。该机开沟深度为0～40 cm可调,开沟宽度为30～37 cm,作业速度为0.8～1.5 km/h。田间试验结果表明:该机工作稳定,栽植效果良好,平均栽植合格率为93.79%,平均栽植深度合格率为91.43%,平均株距变异系数为5.03%,栽植效率720株/h,是人工栽植效率的36倍,满足现代标准果园机械化生产要求。种植环节机械化的实现,可为后续管理环节及收获环节的机械化提供可行性保障。     

基于供应网络能力研究框架分析我国乡村旅游供应链发展现状

游客需求的多样化、旅游目的地功能强化、信息技术影响加剧都在表明传统的旅游模式已经 无法再满足的客户的需求与市场的变化，旅游供应链的构建与优化是发展旅游业的大势所趋。本文 将借助供应网络能力的研究框架，从网络定位、网络构造、网络管理三个方面分析我国旅游供应链的 发展现状。     

图书资料场所功能的探讨

在当今生活审美化和社会网络化的新时代,图书资料的系列工作更要适应社会和时代发展的需求。同时,进一步廓清图书资料场所的基本功能,突显其存在价值与意义,才能更好发挥其在教育、服务和审美等方面的积极作用。本文对图书资料场所的基本功能进行探讨,希望能在同行之中起到抛砖引玉之效。     

Accuracy of the TurfTrax Racing Data System for determination of equine speed and position

Reasons for performing study: The speed and position data collected by TurfTrax Racing Data Limited during UK Thoroughbred racing have potential to benefit equine science and welfare. The size (the 2006 data set alone consists of 30,932 individual horse starts across 2667 races) and nature (speed and 2D position for each horse at 4 updates per second) of the data make it a unique resource for questions in equine safety, welfare, performance, and animal locomotion. Objective: To determine the accuracy of the TurfTrax tracking system in estimating the speed and position of horses during racing. Methods: Measurements from the TurfTrax wireless tracking system were compared with those of a survey‐grade global positioning system (GPS) receiver. Results: The TurfTrax system was found to give position measurements to within ± 11 and ± 64 cm in the fore‐aft and lateral directions, respectively, averaging ± 38 cm (interquartile range) and speed to within 0.15 m/s. Potential relevance: The data collected by the TurfTrax system are of sufficient accuracy to inform new diagnoses, training regimens and basic locomotor scientific studies. The position data can provide the precise distance, going, inclination, rate of turn and pack positioning through which each horse has raced. The speed profile can be used to examine the level of exertion, effect of training regimens and influence of racecourse features on performance. A first clinical application would be to analyse retrospectively these factors on occurrence of injury to compare with past training regimens, levels of exertion, and/or racecourse conditions.     

Effects of traditional salt placement and strategically placed mineral mix supplements on cattle distribution in the Western Italian Alps

Effects of traditional salt placement (TS) and strategically placed mineral mix supplements (MMS) on cattle distribution were compared in the Italian Alps. Salt was placed within flat and herbaceous sites following the traditional method of farmers, whereas MMS blocks were placed on steep and shrub‐encroached sites within three large pastures (44 ha on average). Each TS and MMS site was paired with a control site, and eleven cows were tracked with GPS collars. Within 10 and 50 m of TS and MMS, treatment sites were used more than control sites (P < 0·05). No differences were detected (P > 0·05) in the number of visits by cows within 10 and 50 m of TS and MMS placements. No differences were detected in time spent within 10 m of TS and MMS placements, but cows spent more time (P < 0·05) within 50 m of TS. With either TS or MMS, cattle preferred areas with gentler terrain, higher forage pastoral value and closer to water (P < 0·001). When MMS was available cattle also preferred areas near MMS (P < 0·001). Shrub and herbaceous cover decreased near MMS placements (P < 0·05) from cattle grazing and trampling. Placement of MMS is a promising tool to enhance cattle distribution and potentially reduce shrub encroachment in rugged mountain pastures.     

荔枝采摘机器人双目视觉的动态定位误差分析

扰动引起的随机误差成为采摘机器人视觉定位的难题。为了探索荔枝采摘机器人视觉定位误差,首先用双目视觉系统和模拟扰动的震动平台对荔枝结果母枝采摘点的三维坐标进行定位试验,检测其实际位置,获得误差数据;然后,提出了一种动态定位误差分析方法,根据误差变化规律将动态定位误差划分为系统误差和随机误差;最后,用统计方法对2类误差分别进行定量分析和评价。结果表明,定位距离为600~1 000 mm时,系统误差与动态定位误差的变化趋势基本一致,视觉深度方向、水平方向最大动态定位误差分别为58.8和17.3 mm。系统误差置信区间较窄,视觉深度方向系统误差与定位距离呈较强的线性相关性,水平方向则表现为非线性。扰动下的随机定位误差服从正态分布,视觉深度方向、水平方向间的随机误差相关性较弱。视觉深度方向受扰动的影响较大,随机误差远大于水平方向,且不确定度较高。研究结果为荔枝采摘机器人视觉定位系统校准和动态定位方案设计提供依据,为机构容错纠错提供理论依据和实践指导。     

关联图书集中分类案例探析

分类是图书管理工作中的重要环节,分类的科学性在于将图书放在合理的类目,以供读者查询。在分类中,许多书的出版是在内容、作者或其它方面有着关联作用,馆员在分编过程中如何处理这些有关联的图书是文中阐述的内容。为了更清晰的论述,文章配以案例加以说明。     

基于全站仪和GIS技术的林业定位信息研究与应用

该文在实践中利用电子全站仪采集树木坐标、树高、胸径等野外数据 ,并将树种作为一种属性自动记录 ,所有数据自动传输给计算机形成信息数据库的信息采集方法 .将林木数字图与现有地形图进行叠加 ,既检验测树精度又提供现有地形图的变化情况 ,在林业工程规划设计中提供树种、直径、树高、小班面积等信息 .由GIS进行信息处理及成果输出 ,实现信息的可视化 .通过对北京西四环外 5 87棵单株树木及 15个小班的实测并经现状地形图检核证明 ,由于全站仪的自动化程度很高 ,利用其采集测树信息具有高精度、高效率的特点 .     

THE EFFECT OF POSITIONING ON THE RADIOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF CAUDODORSAL MEDIASTINAL MASSES IN THE DOG

In this prospective study, the effect of thoracic positioning on the visibility and size of caudal esophageal masses caused by spirocercosis was investigated. Dorsoventral (DV), ventrodorsal (VD) as well as left lateral recumbent (LLR) and right lateral recumbent (RLR) thoracic radiographs of 28 dogs, diagnosed endoscopically with spirocercosis, were evaluated. The radiographic findings were compared with those of esophageal endoscopy. Masses were seen equally well in left vs. right recumbency as well as in DV vs. VD positions but in DV/VD views 86% of masses were detected whereas in lateral views only 50% of masses were identified. In spirocercosis-endemic areas DV and RLR views are advised as they also allow for better visualization of descending aorta aneurysms and to avoid interpreting the potentially normally visible esophagus in LLR in large dogs as a mass.