Lymphangiosarcoma with bone formation of the auricle in a dog

A 12-year-old mixed-breed neutered female dog was referred with cutaneous tumors at the left auricle. Histologically, the cutaneous tumor located in the dermis comprised numerous clefts and cavernous channels lined by neoplastic endothelial cells with no erythrocytes. Bone tissue without direct contact with neoplastic cells was seen in the well-developed stromal connective tissue. The neoplastic endothelial cells exhibited mild to moderate atypia. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells were positive for vimentin and negative for cytokeratin and factor VIII-related antigen. Basement membrane around the neoplastic lumens was positive for laminin in a linear or granular pattern. Ultrastructural examination revealed discontinuous basement membrane beneath the tumor cells. Histopathological features of this case were consistent with lymphangiosarcoma, and stromal ossification was characteristic.     

老年性骨质疏松模型小鼠的颅骨增龄性变化

为对比观察快速衰老型小鼠(SAMP6)与正常老化型小鼠(SAMR1)颅骨的增龄性变化,本试验采用活体micro-CT扫描定量观察SAMP6和SAMR1小鼠24、30、36周龄时的颅骨骨体积密度(BV/TV)。小鼠36周龄完成micro-CT扫描后,解剖颅骨,HE染色和抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)染色对比观察小鼠颅骨组织学特点并测量破骨细胞数目。结果显示,不同年龄SAMP6的颅骨BV/TV值均显著低于同龄SAMR1;随年龄增长,SAMP6颅骨BV/TV显著降低,而SAMR1颅骨BV/TV无显著变化;与SAMR1相比,SAMP6颅骨内外骨板更薄,板障更宽;板障内破骨细胞更多,且差异显著。本试验表明随年龄增长,SAMP6的颅骨骨体积密度降低,且均小于同龄SAMR1,而SAMR1的无显著变化。     

Concentration of copper, iron, manganese and zinc in muscle, fat and bone tissue of lambs of the breed German Merino Landsheep in the course of the growing period and different feeding intensities

A growth experiment with 108 lambs (breed German Merino Landsheep) was carried out in order to examine how gender, body weight and feeding intensity affect trace element concentrations in tissues and carcass. The lambs (50% male and 50% female) were fattened at three levels of feeding intensity ('low', 'medium' and 'high' by varying daily amounts of concentrate and hay) and slaughtered at different final body weights (30, 45 or 55 kg). Six male and six female animals were sacrificed at 18 kg live weight at the beginning of the comparative slaughter experiment. The left half carcass of each animal was divided into muscle tissue, fat tissue as well as bones and sinews and analysed for the trace elements copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) as well as zinc (Zn). The body weight level influenced the Zn concentrations significantly in all tissues. In addition, the Fe concentration in the fat tissue was influenced by the body weight as well as the Cu content in the bone tissue. An influence due to gender could be seen for the Zn concentration in the muscle and fat tissue and for the Fe content in the fat and bone tissue as well as for the Cu concentration in the bones. The feeding intensity affected the Cu content in the muscle and bone tissue and also the Zn content in the muscle tissue. In the present study with lambs at body weight range from 18 to 55 kg on an average, 127 mg Fe, 87 mg Zn, 1.5 mg Cu as well as 1.1 mg Mn per kilogram dry matter were found in the bone tissue. In lamb muscle tissue combined from all parts (body weight range from 18 to 45 kg, both genders) the highest concentrations were for Zn and Fe [3.42 and 1.31 mg/100 g meat (wet weight basis)], while Cu remained far below these levels (0.08 mg/100 g meat and Mn was even below the detection limit of 0.025 mg/kg). Lamb muscle is a valuable source for highly available haem-Fe as well as for Zn and Cu in human nutrition.     

PROTON SPOT SCANNING RADIOTHERAPY OF SPONTANEOUS CANINE TUMORS

Thirty dogs with spontaneous tumors were irradiated with proton therapy using a novel spot scanning technique to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the system, and to study the acute and late radiation reactions. Nasal tumors, soft tissue sarcomas, and miscellaneous tumors of the head were treated with a median total dose of 52.5 Gy given in 3.5 Gy fractions. Acute effects, late effects, tumor response, and outcome were analyzed. No unexpected radiation reactions were seen, however two dogs did develop in-field osteosarcoma, and one dog developed in-field bone necrosis. Complete response to therapy was seen in 40% (12/30), partial response in 47% (14/30), and no response in 13% (4/30). Median survival for all dogs was 385 days (range of 14–4583 days). Dogs with nasal cavity tumors had a median survival of 385 days (range of 131–1851 days) and dogs with soft tissue sarcomas had a median survival time of 612 days (range of 65–4588 days). Treatment outcome was similar to historical controls. This new proton spot scanning technique proved to be safe and reliable.     

Anti-Allergic Effect of 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde Isolated from Polysiphonia morrowii in IgE/BSA-Stimulated Mast Cells and a Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis Mouse Model

In this study, we investigated the anti-allergic effects of 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (DHB) isolated from the marine red alga, Polysiphonia morrowii, in mouse bone-marrow-derived cultured mast cells (BMCMCs) and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) immunoglobulin E (IgE)-sensitized mice. DHB inhibited IgE/bovine serum albumin (BSA)-induced BMCMCs degranulation by reducing the release of β-hexosaminidase without inducing cytotoxicity. Further, DHB dose-dependently decreased the IgE binding and high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI) expression and FcεRI-IgE binding on the surface of BMCMCs. Moreover, DHB suppressed the secretion and/or the expression of the allergic cytokines, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and the chemokine, thymus activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), by regulating the phosphorylation of IκBα and the translocation of cytoplasmic NF-κB into the nucleus. Furthermore, DHB attenuated the passive cutaneous anaphylactic (PCA) reaction reducing the exuded Evans blue amount in the mouse ear stimulated by IgE/BSA. These results suggest that DHB is a potential therapeutic candidate for the prevention and treatment of type I allergic disorders.     

Physicochemical and Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging Properties of Collagen and Collagen Hydrolysates from Farmed Globefish (Fugu rubripes) Bone

Globefish (Fugu rubripes) bone collagen (GBC) was isolated and characterized. Electrophoresis and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra indicated that GBC was high-purity type I collagen with an intact triple-helical structure. Amino acid analysis revealed that GBC contained higher glycine content (364 residues/1,000 residues) than that of other fishery bones, and the imino acid content was 189 residues/1,000 residues. The denaturation temperature (T_d) of GBC was 27.1°C. GBC displayed a rapid fibril-forming rate and well-defined fibril morphology in vitro. Globefish bone collagen hydrolysates (GBCH) were optimized by neutral protease through response surface methodology (RSM) with the highest hydroxyl radical (?OH) scavenging capacity. The optimal hydrolysis condition was a reaction temperature of 48.4°C, time of 120 min, and enzyme/substrate ratio of 2520 U/g. Three fractions were collected by ultrafiltration, and the fraction GBCH-III (Mw<1 kDa) possessed the strongest ?OH scavenging ability. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capacities were evaluated with two model systems: ?OH and nitric oxide (NO?). The ROS scavenging capacities increased in a dose-dependent manner. GBCH-III proved to be a more effective ?OH scavenger than reduced glutathione (GSH). These findings demonstrated that GBC and GBCH have potential as an alternative source of collagen-derived materials for use in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetic industries.