Osteogenic potential of mesenchymal cells derived from canine umbilical cord matrix co-cultured with platelet-rich plasma and demineralized bone matrix

Canine mesenchymal cells (MSCs) derived from Wharton''s jelly were co-cultured, then supplemented or not supplemented with platelet rich plasma (PRP) and demineralized bone matrix (DBM) to verify osteogenic differentiation. Osteoblastic differentiation followed by mineralized bone matrix production was found to be significantly higher (p < 0.05) when MSCs were associated with PRP/DBM in culture after 14-21-days of induction. Osteopontin and osteocalcin gene expression were significantly superior (p < 0.05) under the same culture conditions after 21 days of observation. In conclusion, addition of PRP to DBM co-cultured with MSCs successfully induced osteogenesis in vitro.     

Peripheral blood abnormalities and bone marrow infiltration in canine large B‐cell lymphoma: is there a link?

Official guidelines do not consider bone marrow (BM) assessment mandatory in staging canine lymphoma unless blood cytopenias are present. The aim of this study was to find out if blood abnormalities can predict marrow involvement in canine large B‐cell lymphoma. BM infiltration was assessed via flow cytometry. No difference was found between dogs without haematological abnormalities and dogs with at least one. However, the degree of infiltration was significantly higher in dogs with thrombocytopenia, leucocytosis or lymphocytosis and was negatively correlated to platelet count and positively to blood infiltration. Our results suggest that blood abnormalities are not always predictive of marrow involvement, even if thrombocytopenia, leucocytosis or lymphocytosis could suggest a higher infiltration. BM evaluation should therefore be included in routine staging in order not to miss infiltrated samples and to improve classification. However, its clinical relevance and prognostic value are still not defined and further studies are needed.     

不同代次大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞和脂肪间充质干细胞成骨分化比较

本研究旨在观察不同代次骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)和脂肪间充质干细胞(ADSCs)体外培养的生长特点和体外诱导成骨能力。通过密度梯度离心和贴壁培养法分离培养大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞和脂肪间充质干细胞,用含地塞米松、抗坏血酸、β-甘油磷酸钠的培养液定向诱导传代细胞向成骨细胞分化,并利用茜素红染色、碱性磷酸酶染色及PCR方法检测成骨细胞。结果表明骨髓及脂肪间充质干细胞呈成纤维细胞样生长,增殖能力强,生长迅速。第5、10、15、20代BMSCs及ADSCs经诱导培养后茜素红染色呈阳性并且出现"矿化"、碱性磷酸酶活性强,随着细胞代次的递增,诱导后细胞碱性磷酸酶活性呈递减趋势;诱导后的两类细胞传代后细胞仍能继续分化,并形成正常的"矿化"结节,且碱性磷酸酶染色均弱于初次诱导。结果提示,BMSCs及ADSCs易于分离培养及体外扩增,诱导条件下成骨能力强且成骨细胞传代培养仍具有成骨能力,适合作为再生医学骨组织工程的种子细胞。     

Size and geometry of apical sesamoid fracture fragments as a determinant of prognosis in Thoroughbred racehorses

Reason for performing study: Analysis was performed to examine a method for refining the preoperative prognosis for horses that had surgery to remove apical fractures of the proximal sesamoid bones (PSBs). Objectives: To determine if: 1) there was a difference in size or configuration of apical fractures between the different anatomical locations of the PSBs, which have been shown to affect the prognosis; and 2) the size or configuration could predict the prognosis for racehorses with these fractures. Methods: The study included 110 weanlings and yearlings and 56 training racehorses that underwent surgery to remove apical PSB fractures. Radiographs of the fractures were used for measurement of the abaxial and axial proportion and the abaxial to axial ratio, and race records were used to determine average earnings per start (AEPS) and total post operative starts. Analysis of variance and regression statistics were used to compare the fragment sizes between the specific PSBs on each of the limbs and compare size and configuration of the fractures to prognosis. Results: There was a significantly larger abaxial to axial ratio (more transverse fracture) for the forelimb medial sesamoids than for all other sesamoids in untrained racehorses (P = 0.03). There were no other significant differences in size. There was no relationship between fracture size or configuration and AEPS nor total post operative starts. Conclusions: Apical fractures in weanlings and yearlings tend to be more transverse in the forelimb medial PSBs than the other PSBs. Apical fracture size and geometry does not determine prognosis for apical sesamoid fractures. Potential relevance: Horses that undergo surgery to remove larger apical fractures of the PSBs do not have a worse outcome than those horses with smaller fractures.     

睾酮诱导的小鼠骨髓巨噬细胞凋亡途径研究

用睾酮诱导,研究小鼠骨髓巨噬细胞(BMMs)凋亡过程中Fas/FasL途径上caspase-8表达的改变。以BMMs经L929条件培养基(LCM)诱导5d后,用流式细胞仪分选出F4/80阳性细胞,并将细胞分为两大组。第1组是空白对照组,睾酮(100nmol·L-1,下同)处理组,去除LCM组,去除LCM同时用睾酮处理组。第2组用FADD反义寡核苷酸(ASODN)转染BMMs后,重复第1组的4个处理组,并以FADD错义寡核苷酸(MSODN)转染后的睾酮处理组作为对照。处理12h后,用流式细胞仪检测巨噬细胞的凋亡情况,并通过RT-PCR、Real-timeRT-PCR和WesternBlot方法检测各组中caspase-8基因及蛋白的表达。结果显示,在缺少LCM或用睾酮处理时,睾酮可在体外诱导小鼠骨髓巨噬细胞凋亡,并伴随caspase-8的活化。FADD反义寡核苷酸能抑制睾酮诱导的小鼠骨髓巨噬细胞的凋亡,其下游的caspase-8表达也被抑制。     

彭氏正骨手法整复桡骨远端伸直型骨折的生物力学分析及疗效观察

目的 通过观察彭氏正骨复位Colles骨折的临床效果,探讨分析其生物力学特点。方法 2013年6月-2014年6月选择76例老年桡骨远端骨折（Colles）患者,并随机分为2组,治疗组38例,采用彭氏正骨手法,对照组38例采用教科书传统正骨手法,观察功能复位、生物力学及复位影像学三组综合指标,加以生物力学分析评价。结果 通过对上述三组综合观察指标进行统计学分析,两组差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 采用彭氏正骨复位Colles骨折技术,于术者能做到“省力、简、便、快”,更能减轻患者痛苦,提高患者生活质量,值得临床推广。     

复合微生态制剂对乌骨羊生产性能及养分表观消化率的影响

为研究复合微生态制剂对乌骨羊生产性能及养分表观消化率的影响,试验选择体重相近的乌骨羊90只,随机分成3个组,每个组3个重复,每个重复10只,1组饲喂基础日粮为空白对照组,2、3组分别在基础日粮中添加5.0%、10.0%的复合微生态制剂,试验期为60 d。试验期间测定生产性能和养分表观消化率。结果表明:(1)3组的试验末重和平均日增重分别较1组提高5.57%、31.16%(P<0.05),3组料重比较1组降低18.05%(P<0.05)。(2)3组的粗蛋白质、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率较1组分别提高14.23%、19.19%、16.69%(P<0.05),2、3组的粗脂肪、粗灰分、钙、磷的表观消化率均高于1组(P>0.05)。综上,基础日粮中添加10.0%复合微生态制剂可以提高乌骨羊的生长性能和养分表观消化率。     

Persistent nonregenerative anemia in a 4-year-old cat

A 4-year-old male neutered domestic shorthair cat was presented to The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine for a 2-month history of severe weight loss, lethargy, anemia, and bilaterally hyperechoic kidneys with loss of corticomedullary distinction as reported by the referring veterinarian. Relevant initial laboratory results included severe non-regenerative normocytic hypochromic anemia, increased blood urea nitrogen, minimally concentrated urine, proteinuria, and an increased urine protein:creatinine ratio. Cytologic evaluation of a bone marrow aspirate revealed a markedly hypocellular marrow with abundant mucinous material. Gelatinous marrow transformation (GMT) was confirmed histologically by the presence of mucinous material in the bone marrow that stained positive for Alcian blue but negative for periodic acid-Schiff. The cat died despite repeated blood transfusions and supportive care. Gelatinous marrow transformation, immune complex-mediated membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, and gastrointestinal hemorrhage were observed on autopsy and histology. It is likely that the development of GMT was secondary to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and that CKD, GMT, and gastrointestinal hemorrhage contributed to the cat's non-regenerative anemia.