波尔山羊杂交优势利用与南方灌丛草地开发

波尔山羊是目前世界上最优良的肉用山羊品种之一,国外研究及笔者在国内的试验表明,波尔山羊对本地低产山羊的杂交改良效果十分显著,因而可利用其杂交优势发展高效肉羊生产,高效肉用山羊生产系统的建立,对我国南方丰富的天然灌丛草地资源的开发利用具有交大的潜在价值,可为南方草地畜牧业提供新的发展途径,     

不同生态区藏山羊的产绒性能研究

选择青藏高原四个不同的生态区,对藏山羊的产绒性能进行了研究,结果表明：西藏两个产区藏山羊的产绒量和绒的主要品质指标均高于四川两个产区,尤其是西藏阿里地区藏山羊的产绒量和绒的品质明显优于其他产区,四川茂县藏山羊的产绒量和绒的品质较差;同时,西藏两产区藏山羊的产绒量从年龄上看以４岁较高,从毛色上看以白色个体较高;四个不同生态区内藏山羊的产绒性能差异较大,越严酷的高寒生态条件,其产绒量越高,绒的品质越好。今后应根据不同的生态区按不同的生产方向对藏山羊这一宝贵的基因库资源进行开发利用。     

USE OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF A CEREBRAL ABSCESS IN A GOAT

A 7-month-old La Mancha doe was presented with a right head tilt and ventral strabismus while circling to the left. History and physical examination led to a tentative diagnosis of a cerebral abscess. Computed tomography revealed a large, complex mass with ring enhancement in the left cerebral hemisphere, supporting the diagnosis. Postmortem examination confirmed the cerebral abscess. Bacterial cultures yielded heavy growth of Actinomyces pyogenes.     

山莨菪碱(654-2)对内毒素诱导山羊红细胞膜损伤过程中膜脂流动性的影响

用1,6-二苯基-1,3,5-己三烯(1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene, DPH)分子荧光偏振技术,研究了内毒素(ET)诱导的山羊红细胞膜(ECM)损伤过程中膜脂的流动性(P)、膜脂区微粘度(-η)、脂双层分子排列有序性系数(A)的变化及山莨菪碱(654-2)对其的影响。结果表明,ET 处理组(Ⅱ组)ECM 的P、-η和A 参数在处理后3、5、7、9、12 h 均显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组(P< 0.05,P< 0.01);Ⅲ组P、-η和A 参数在处理后3 h 显著低于Ⅰ组(P< 0.01), 5、7 h 高于Ⅰ组(P< 0.05,P < 0.01)。结果显示,ET可使山羊ECM P、-η和A 增加、膜流动性降低,而654-2 能有效地改善ET诱导的这些损伤变化,支持了654-2 具有维护膜结构和功能的理论。     

武陵地区山羊传染性胸膜肺炎的药物防治研究

为预防和控制武陵山地区山羊传染性胸膜肺炎,采用4种药物对该区山羊进行了体内预防试验和治疗试验,结果表明:泰妙菌素和红霉素对山羊传染性胸膜肺炎霉形体感染具有预防作用,且泰妙菌素和红霉素预防效果最好,环丙沙星、四环素预防作用可靠性差;用4种药物对山羊传染性胸膜肺炎自然病例和人工病例做治疗及增重试验,结果表明:与对照组相比,环丙沙星组,四环素组差异显著,增重较明显,泰妙菌素组和红霉素组差异极显著,增重非常明显。     

“玉米赤霉醇”在肉羊育肥中的应用效果

试验结果表明，埋植“玉米赤霉醇”的山羊平均日增重比放牧组提高１１８．４％，差异极显著（Ｐ〈０．０１），比补料组提高１５．３％，差异显著（Ｐ〈０．０５），且增肉剂组的屠宰率也有所提高，同时杂种羊比地方山羊增重效果好，增肉剂组中南本Ｆ１的平均日增重比地方山羊提高１７．１％，应用增肉剂后经济效益明显，投入产出比为１：３．５，值得推广应用。     

布尔山羊和布奶杂一代山羊超数排卵试验

７号布奶杂一代山羊和１号布尔山羊，阴道放置海绵栓同时注射雌二醇２ｍｇ预处理７ｄ，随机分为２组，开始超排处理。第１组每日上午肌注用生理盐水溶解的ＦＳＨ，连续４ｄ，剂量分别为１５０，１００，５０，５０ＩＵ。第２组一次肌注用３００ｇ／ＬＰＶＰ溶解的ＦＳＨ２５０￣３００ＩＵ。两组均于处理后的第３天下午撤除阴道海绵栓，同时皮下注射１５－甲基ＰＧＦ２α０．６ｍｇ，第１组于第４天上午再次注射１５－甲基ＰＧＦ２α     

雷州山羊和隆林山羊遗传多样性的微卫星分析

为了调查中国热带、亚热带主要山羊品种的遗传资源现状,应用14对微卫星引物,检测了隆林山羊和雷州山羊不同分布地区的群体遗传多样性水平。隆林山羊(柳州)、隆林山羊(百棚)、雷州山羊(徐闻)、雷州山羊(海南)各群体平均多态信息含量(PIC)分别为0.645、0.600、0.483、0.518;平均杂合度(H)分别为0.281、0.421、0.121、0.157;平均等位基因数(k)分别为5.17、4.93、4.64、4.5,3组数据综合说明两个山羊品种遗传多样性相对匮乏,群体遗传变异较低;NJ法聚类显示,隆林山羊两个群体聚为一类,再与雷州山羊(徐闻)聚在一起,最后为雷州山羊(海南),这与两个品种的来源及地理分布基本一致。研究结果为中国热带、亚热带山羊品种资源开发利用提供了基础资料和科学数据。     

海南黑山羊与萨能奶山羊杂交F1代的生理生化指标测定与分析

对海南黑山羊及其与萨能奶山羊F1 代的主要生理生化指标进行了测定与分析。结果表明，呼吸、体温、红细胞计数、白细胞计数、血清总蛋白、谷草转氨酶等指标都在正常范围，海南黑山羊公羊、海南黑山羊母羊、F1 黑色母羊、F1 白色母羊在海南适应性和生长发育表现良好。测定结果还能为海南黑山羊的饲养管理和疾病的诊断治疗提供血液学方面的参考。     

Caprine somatic cell nuclear transfer using in vivo matured oocytes collected by laparoscopic follicular aspiration

In vivo matured oocytes collected by laparoscopic follicular aspiration (LFA) from hormone treated female goats were used as recipient ooplasts for somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Japanese native (Shiba) goats were used as donor females and some donor females were used repeatedly (two or three times) at intervals of a few months. To induce synchronization of estrus, a sponge containing 0.5 g of progesterone was inserted into the vagina of each goat for 14 days. These animals were also treated with follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in a series of 8 injections over 4 days. The first FSH injection was administered on the morning of day 9 of sponge insertion. On the morning of day 13, 50 µg of gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) was injected into each animal. Twenty‐nine hours after GnRH injection, LFA was performed. After removal of cumulus cells, collected oocytes with the first polar body were selected and enucleated for nuclear transfer. Anterior pituitary cells isolated from an adult male Shiba goat were transfected with a DNA fragment containing the enhanced green flourescent protein gene and the puromycin resistance gene. A single donor cell was inserted into the perivitelline space of each enucleated oocyte and fusion was induced with one electric pulse of 20 V for 10 µs. The SCNT goat eggs were cultured in chemically defined medium at 38.5°C in 5% CO₂, 5% O₂, 90% N₂ for 9 days. By LFA, 396 oocytes were collected from a total of 30 females. After removal of cumulus cells, 64% of them extruded the first polar body. The percentage of SCNT goat eggs produced using in vivo matured oocytes which developed to the blastocyst stage (20–21%) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that produced with in vitro matured oocytes (3–8%).