饵料类型对岱衢族大黄鱼鱼体和肌肉营养成分、体色、肉色的影响

岱衢族大黄鱼为我国优质大黄鱼养殖群体,养殖中所投喂的饵料往往影响着鱼体和肌肉营养成分、体色和肉色,这些均为衡量岱衢族大黄鱼品质的重要指标.本试验旨在通过测定岱衢族大黄鱼鱼体和肌肉营养成分、体色和肉色指标,研究投喂鲜杂鱼和配合饲料对岱衢族大黄鱼品质的影响.试验设置2组,分别投喂鲜杂鱼和配合饲料22个月,采样后所测鱼体和肌肉营养成分指标包括干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分和氨基酸含量,体色和肉色指标包括L、a、b值.结果表明:与投喂鲜杂鱼相比,投喂配合饲料显著降低了岱衢族大黄鱼全鱼的粗脂肪含量(P＜0.05),但显著提高了肌肉的粗脂肪、亮氨酸(Leu)、赖氨酸(Lys)、谷氨酸(Glu)、总必需氨基酸、总呈味氨基酸和总氨基酸含量(P＜0.05);饵料类型对岱衢族大黄鱼的体色和肉色无显著影响(P＞0.05),但岱衢族大黄鱼体表不同部位颜色存在显著差异(P＜0.05),与背部相比,腹部的颜色较亮,且偏红黄.由此得出,相较于鲜杂鱼,采用配合饲料养成的岱衢族大黄鱼肌肉具有更高的营养价值.     

Identification of a periorbital wooden foreign body as the cause of chronic ocular discharge in a horse

The clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic features of a horse with a wooden foreign body embedded in the deep portion of the right masseter muscle adjacent to the right orbit are presented. The purpose of this report is to describe the clinical presentation, magnetic resonance imaging findings and treatment of a penetrating wooden foreign body in a horse that had no history of trauma or evidence of a puncture wound. This report documents the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging to detect a wooden foreign body embedded in the soft tissues of a horse with a chronic copious ocular discharge. Two surgical procedures were necessary, which is a frequent complication encountered with wooden foreign bodies.     

淮阴苜蓿SSR指纹图谱的构建

采用不同的取样策略,利用SSR分子标记研究淮阴苜蓿（Medicago sativa Huaiyin）遗传多样性,确定最佳取样数,在此基础上利用筛选的SSR引物构建淮阴苜蓿的指纹图谱,并对淮阴苜蓿进行品种鉴定。本研究对320株淮阴苜蓿的单株基因组DNA设置6个处理（10、20、30、40、50、60单株DNA随机等量混合）,每处理8个重复,利用筛选的4对SSR引物进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明,40株单株随机DNA的混合样品的遗传多样性指数开始趋于稳定,由此取40株即可代表淮阴苜蓿群体。采用取样数为40株单株DNA混合样,利用筛选的3对SSR引物构建淮阴苜蓿指纹图谱,并对15份供试苜蓿材料进行检测,结果表明,该方法所构建淮阴苜蓿SSR指纹图谱可以用于对淮阴苜蓿品种的鉴定。     

草本植物根系对边坡浅层稳定性影响研究

为研究草本植物根系对边坡浅层稳定性的影响,在假设滑坡体为长方体的条件下,通过对植物根系加固边坡的力学原理进行分析,推导了植物根系对边坡浅层稳定性的安全系数公式,并计算分析了坡度、滑坡体尺寸以及根土面积比对边坡稳定性的影响。结果表明:随着边坡坡度及滑坡体尺寸的增加,边坡的稳定系数将减小。并且,植物护坡的坡体安全系数要大于无防护坡体的安全系数。随着根-土面积比的增大,坡体的稳定系数逐渐增加,说明植物根系能增加边坡的稳定性。     

胰岛素样生长因子Ⅰ基因第1内含子微卫星多态性对山西白猪体重和体尺性状的影响

试验检测了山西白猪174个个体胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ(insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ,IGF-Ⅰ)基因第1内含子以CA为核心重复序列的微卫星座位的多态性,并利用单变量动物模型分析了多态位点对山西白猪不同阶段体重和体尺性状的影响。结果表明,在该座位上,共检测到6个等位基因,分别为198、202、204、206、208和210 bp,表现出CA重复数较低的等位基因198和202 bp频率较高,分别为0.2759和0.2385;CA重复数较高的等位基因208 bp频率较低,为0.0747;共检测到12种基因型,纯合子频率较高,均大于0.010(208/208 bp类型除外);而杂合子个体频率都较低,为0.017。统计分析结果表明,IGF-Ⅰ基因型对山西白猪群体的初生重、断奶重、6月龄体重和体高、体长、胸围、背膘厚等性状有显著影响(P＜0.05)。204/204 bp基因型个体不同生长阶段体重高于其他类型个体,而6月龄活体背膘厚又显著低于其他类型个体,符合中国当前猪育种方向,在选育中应优先选留。     

朝鲜鹌鹑屠宰性能及其与体重的相关性分析

选择7日龄的朝鲜鹌鹑300只(公、母各半),在相同管理条件下饲养至38日龄,每周定期称重,并在38日龄时随机抽取150只(公、母各半)进行屠宰,系统分析公、母鹑的体重及主要屠宰性能指标。结果表明,除10日龄体重外,朝鲜母鹌鹑的体重均极显著地高于公鹌鹑(P<0.01);母鹑的宰前重、放血重、屠体重、半净膛重、全净膛重、半净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌重和胸肌重显著高于公鹑(P<0.05或P<0.01);相关分析显示,公、母鹑不同日龄体重间均呈极显著的正相关(P<0.01);除母鹑的半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌重、腿肌重及公鹑的屠宰率、半净膛率、胸肌重、腿肌重外,不同日龄体重与其他屠宰性状间多呈显著的正相关(P<0.05或P<0.01)。     

Therapeutic Efficacy of Zinc Sulphate Used in Clustered Model Treatment in Alleviating Zinc Deficiency in Cattle and Its Effect on Hormones,Vitamins and Production Parameters

A survey was conducted in 10 districts of northern India. Significant deficiency of zinc was observed in soil, fodders and (cattle) serum samples. The animals showed typical signs of zinc deficiency, namely stiff gait, swelling of hocks and knees, subcutaneous fluid accumulation, rough coat, etc. of variable intensity. A clustered model therapeutic trial was conducted and zinc-deficient cattle were divided into three groups. Group A was provided with mineral mixture containing zinc sulphate. Group B was given mineral mixture without zinc sulphate and group C was given no mineral mixture. Significant improvement (p < 0.01) was observed in the haemoglobin (Hb), total white blood cells (WBC) and total erythrocyte count (TEC) levels at the 7th day of treatment in the animals of group A. Significant improvement in enzyme serum alkaline phosphatase (SAP) was observed in group A animals at the 7th day, while improvement in asparatate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and ceruloplasmin (Cp) was observed after 21 days of treatment. Regarding hormones, significant improvement was observed in thyroxine (T₃) and triiodothyronine (T₄), oestrogen and progesterone in group A animals within 14 days of treatment. The values of vitamin A showed a highly significant (p < 0.01) improvement within 7 days of treatment in group A animals and that of vitamin E on the 21 st day of treatment. The milk yield of lactating cattle and body weight of growing calves in group A showed highly significant (p < 0.01) increases at about 14 and 30 days, respectively. It is concluded that zinc sulphate supplementation is highly effective in alleviating zinc deficiency and improving various biochemical and production parameters in cattle. The clustered model treatment provides a better indicator of the most limiting element under field conditions where simultaneous deficiency of various minerals is prevalent.     

基于单片机的光电式叶片面积测量系统

在农业生产中,叶片面积及其参数是衡量农作物产量的重要因素。传统叶片面积检测方法过程复杂,不能实现自动测量。为此,针对农业中田间叶片面积的实时测量需要,设计了基于单片机的光电式叶片面积测量系统;阐述了系统的整体设计思路、结构、测量原理、系统误差的计算及外部电路的设计。     

Passage of sediment through flumes and over weirs

This paper reports on laboratory research on the sediment passagecapability through long-throated flumes and broad-crested weirs withwhich the Froude number in the approach channel does not exceed 0.6over a distance of about 20 times the water depth upstream of thestructure. Design rules are given for any combination of flume or weirin combination with any channel.