Evaluation of the agreement of two oscillometric blood pressure devices with invasive blood pressure in anaesthetized chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

ObjectiveTo evaluate the agreement of two noninvasive blood pressure devices: a human device with the cuff placed on the wrist (Omron R1) and a veterinary device with the cuff placed on the upper brachium (Surgivet Advisor Vital Signs Monitor) with invasive blood pressure (IBP) measurement in anaesthetized chimpanzees.Study designProspective clinical study.AnimalsA convenience sample of 11 adult chimpanzees undergoing anaesthesia for translocation and routine health checks.MethodsSystolic (SAP) and diastolic arterial pressures (DAP) were continuously recorded via a transducer connected to a femoral artery cannula, and at 5 minute intervals from the two oscillometric devices. Agreement was explored using Bland-Altman analysis and bias defined as the mean difference between the two measurement methods. Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated. Significance was set at p < 0.05.ResultsBias and standard deviation for the Surgivet compared with IBP were 8.6 ± 18 for SAP and 8.4 ± 9.9 for DAP, showing a significant underestimation of both variables. Limits of agreement (LOA) were from –27 to 44 for SAP and from –11 to 28 for DAP. Correlation coefficients between the Surgivet and IBP values were 0.86 for SAP and 0.85 for DAP (p < 0.0001). Bias and standard deviation for the Omron compared with the IBP were –21 ± 25 for SAP and –18 ± 15 for DAP, showing a significant overestimation of both variables. LOA were from –70 to –28 for SAP and from –47 to 11 for DAP. Spearman correlation coefficients between the Omron and IBP values were 0.64 for SAP and 0.72 for DAP (p < 0.0001).Conclusions and clinical relevanceAlthough neither device met all the criteria for device validation, the Surgivet presented better agreement with IBP values than the Omron in adult anaesthetized chimpanzees.     

猪圆环病毒2型灭活疫苗中病毒抗原含量实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立

依据GenBank公布的猪圆环病毒2型Cap基因序列,在保守区域设计特异性引物和TaqMan探针,优化反应体系,建立评价猪圆环病毒2型灭活疫苗中病毒含量的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法,对方法的特异性、敏感性和重复性进行试验,并验证灭活剂用量和灭活时间对检测结果的影响。结果显示：该方法只对猪圆环病毒2型基因有特异性扩增,其他3种对照病毒基因的扩增结果均为阴性;检测灵敏度达到10^2.0 TCID₅₀/mL,比普通PCR方法高100倍;方法的重复性好,对同一样品进行10次检测,变异系数为2.28%;不同灭活剂用量和灭活时间对结果的影响较小,不会因各厂家使用的灭活剂用量和灭活时间不同,影响疫苗对比实验的公平性。该研究成功建立了一种评价猪圆环病毒2型灭活疫苗中病毒含量的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法,用于猪圆环病毒2型灭活疫苗样品中病毒抗原含量的定量,其结果可以反映不同猪圆环病毒2型灭活疫苗样品中抗原含量差异,为研究猪圆环病毒2型灭活疫苗病毒抗原含量评估方法提供了新的思路。     

2019—2020年新疆部分地区猪PCV2的抗体水平检测及分析

为了解2019—2020年新疆地区猪圆环病毒病2型（PCV2）抗体水平及其消长规律,本试验采用间接酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）方法对475份血清中PCV2免疫抗体水平进行检测和分析。结果显示,PCV2抗体平均阳性率为69.68%（331/475）,未达到国家规定标准（70%）。S/P的平均值为1.56。不同类别猪群抗体平均阳性率在42.50%~86.67%之间,有一定的差异。在调查的5个规模化养殖场中,仅有2个场PCV2免疫抗体阳性率达到国家标准。各场应根据抗体检测结果,进一步对现有的免疫程序进行调整和完整,确保各猪群健康。     

Blood Typing of Asiatic Black Bear (Ursusthibetanus)

In this study,we aimed to determine whether bear had different blood group systems.Whole blood samples were collected from 40 Asiatic Black bears in Fujian province,China.Tube method was used to detect antibodies in plasma,and antibody isotype was determined with 2-mercaptoethanol.Plasma was further analyzed by mass spectrometry.The plasma from four bears had antibodies,possibly IgM isoform,which could agglutinate RBCs from 30 bears.Blood samples from 10 bears were tested by human blood typing reagents.The results showed that 4 bears had blood type like human type O,while 6 bears had like human type B.Plasma protein had extensive homology to serum albumin-like isoform 1 found in giant panda (Ailuropodamelanoleuca).We suggested that Asiatic Black bear might have at least one blood group system with two blood types.If the sick bear needs blood transfusion,a cross-matching test was necessary.Moreover,giant panda might receive blood from Asiatic Black bear in case of emergency.     

假蒟提取物对感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫鸡血液指标的影响

本试验旨在研究假蒟提取物对感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫鸡血液指标的影响。270只1日龄海南文昌公鸡,随机分为6个组,每组3个重复,每重复15只,T1、T2和T3组为对照组(依次分为不感染不给药组、感染不给药组、感染给药组);T4、T5和T6组为假蒟添加组,分别在基础日粮中添加200、400、600mg/kg假蒟提取物粉剂。15日龄时,每组随机抽取30只鸡,除T1组灌服生理盐水外,其他各组鸡均经口接种柔嫩艾美耳球虫卵囊悬液,分别于接种前1d,接种后3、6、9d清晨采血测定其血液指标。结果表明,与感染球虫不给药的T2组相比,假蒟组(T4、T5、T6)可以显著降低感染球虫鸡粪便中球虫卵囊值(P0.05)。假蒟组在感染球虫后第6天,与T1组比,RBC、HGB、HCT、Ca2+、Na+、Cl-、TP、ALB、GLB、TG、CHOL、T4等指标呈下降趋势;但在感染球虫后第9天,TP、GLB含量均显著高于T1组(P0.05);在感染球虫后第6天,假蒟组与对照组相比,ALT、AST浓度水平均显著降低(P0.05)。结果提示,假蒟提取物能提高感染球虫后鸡机体免疫机能,降低肝脏损伤,降低鸡感染球虫后粪便卵囊值,具有一定的抗球虫效果。     

Effect of micronized pea seeds (Pisum sativum L.) as a substitute of soybean meal on tissue fatty acid composition and quality of broiler chicken meat

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of micronized pea seeds introduced into feed mixes for broilers on the slaughter yield, blood lipid parameters, content of fatty acids in selected tissues, and meat quality. The studies involved 150 1‐day‐old Ross 308 chicks split into three groups (for 42 days). The feed rations differed in terms of the source of proteins: in the control group (C), it was post‐extraction soybean meal (SBM) 100%; in group I, SBM 50% and micronized peas 50%; and in group II, micronized peas only, 100%. Irradiated pea seeds added to the feed ration for chicks reduced the fattening grade of carcasses (P < 0.05). Additionally, significant improvement of blood lipid indices was recorded. The share of the irradiated pea seeds in feed mixes decreased the share of saturated fatty acids in the muscles and abdominal fat and had a positive effect on the n‐6/n‐3 ratio, hypocholesterolemic / hypercholesterolemic ratio, as well as the atherogenic and thrombogenic indices (P < 0.05).     

Physiological response of one of South Africa’s premier freshwater sport angling species,the Orange-Vaal smallmouth yellowfish Labeobarbus aeneus,to catch-and-release angling

The practice of catch-and-release fishing has been widely promoted by angling fraternities as a fisheries manage- ment tool. The aim of this investigation was to determine the physiological response of Orange-Vaal smallmouth yellowfish, Labeobarbus aeneus, to catch-and-release angling in the Vaal River, South Africa. Fish were collected using standard fly-fishing techniques, anaesthetised in clove oil and blood was drawn from the caudal vein; thereafter the fish were weighed, measured, revived and released. Blood plasma was analysed for concentra- tions of glucose, cortisol and lactate to determine the effects of angling duration, fish size and water tempera- ture. Larger fish were angled for a longer duration compared with smaller fish. Levels of glucose were affected by water temperature (influenced by time of year). Plasma glucose concentrations decreased with greater angling duration. Few individuals (n = 12) showed increased plasma cortisol concentrations. In extended-capture fish (angled for >1 min), lactate concentrations increased significantly above values for rapid-capture fish (angled for >30 s). These data suggest that catch-and-release causes physiological stress to fish, but nonetheless this practice can be a valuable fisheries management tool to ensure the sustainability of fish populations. Other factors beyond the ‘angling’ time are likely to contribute to physiological disruptions in homeostasis and therefore handling and air exposure of angled fish should be included in future catch-and–release angling studies. In addition, the longer-term impact of angling on fish health should also be determined.