Effect of Weaning Stress on Blood Physiology and Biochemistry Indexes and Immune Function in Dairy Buffalo Calves

To study the effect of weaning stress on dairy buffalo calves,5 healthy calves were chosen and weaned,and the blood samples were collected at 1 day before weaning,and 1,14 and 21 days after weaning to analysis blood physiology and biochemistry indexes and immune function.The results showed that the count of white blood cell,lymphocyte,erythrocyte,monocytes and hematocrit,aspartate aminotransferase activity,blood glucose,cortisol and immunoglobulin G contents of dairy buffalo calves were no significant difference between before and after weaning treatments (P > 0.05).The count of neutrophils at 21 d after weaning were significantly lower than that of 1 d before weaning of dairy buffalo calves (P < 0.05).However,lactate dehydrogenase and alanine aminotransferase activity in weaned treatments were significantly higher than those of animals in the treatment before weaning (P < 0.05).The serum urea nitrogen of dairy buffalo calves at 21 d after weaning was significantly higher than that of 1 d before weaning (P < 0.05) and hemoglobin content at 21 d after weaning was significantly lower than that at 1 day before weaning (P < 0.05).It indicated that the physiological and immunity function of dairy buffalo calves were challenged under weaning stress.     

Effects of Dietary Crude Protein Levels on Growth Performance,Digestion and Metabolism,and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Super Merino Lamb

The experiment aimed to find out the effects of dietary crude protein levels on growth performance, digestion and metabolism and serum biochemical indexes of Super Merino lamb after weaning.According to the dietary crude protein level, 64 Super Merino weaned lambs were divided into four groups, which the crude protein levels were 13.25%(group Ⅰ), 14.33%(group Ⅱ), 15.53%(group Ⅲ) and 16.60%(group Ⅳ), respectively.The experiment lasted for 60 days, 30 days for the early stage and 30 days for the later stage;And on the 30th and 60th day, blood samples were collected from one head sheep chosen from each replication, and at the end of the feeding test, 3 lambs were randomly selected from each experiment group for a 15 days digestion and metabolism experiment.The results showed that ADFI and ADG in the early and total trial period were significant differences(P<0.05), ADFI and ADG of group Ⅲ were higher than others.The apparent digestibility of nutrients and ME/DE were not significantly changed(P>0.05).In the detection of serum biochemical indexes, there was no significant difference in the earlier stage(P>0.05);At the end of the test, PK and CK showed significant difference between groups(P<0.05).PK presented a rising trend as the protein level improved, CK of group Ⅰ was higher than other groups.In Super Merino lamb early weaning diet, 15.53% protein level in the diet could significantly improve ADG, the apparent digestibility of nutrients, metabolic energy digestibility.At the end of the test, PK and CK were affected by dietary crude protein level significantly.     

不同驱虫药驱虫后伊犁马血液生化指标变化的研究

[目的] 研究不同驱虫药对伊犁马血液生化指标的影响,为伊犁马科学驱虫及健康养殖提供参考。[方法] 将平均体重（265.5±35.6）kg、出生日期相近的40匹1岁伊犁马随机分为5组,每组8匹,分别为对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组和试验Ⅳ组。在相同的饲养管理和日粮营养水平条件下,对照组不驱虫,在试验开始第1天,试验Ⅰ组使用伊维菌素驱虫,试验Ⅱ组使用吡喹酮驱虫,试验Ⅲ组使用阿苯达唑驱虫,试验Ⅳ组使用伊维菌素和阿苯达唑的混合药剂驱虫;在试验第14天采集马匹血液样品,测定血浆氮代谢指标、葡萄糖及酶相关指标、脂代谢指标及金属离子指标。[结果] ①试验Ⅲ组总蛋白（TP）浓度最低,与对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组及试验Ⅳ组相比,分别降低了8.16%、7.15%、4.98%及6.62%（P>0.05）。对照组及各试验组白蛋白（ALB）、尿素（UREA）浓度均无显著（P>0.05）差异。与对照组相比,试验Ⅲ组及试验Ⅳ组血浆中UREA浓度分别降低了33.15%及36.10%（P>0.05）。②与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组、试验Ⅳ组丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）活力分别降低了26.51%、21.11%、47.14%及52.38%（P>0.05）。试验Ⅲ组血浆中碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活力低于对照组,降低了0.19%（P>0.05）。与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅳ组的乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活力显著（P<0.05）升高,分别提高了17.84%、13.51%;谷草转氨酶（AST）活力分别提高了5.40%和4.08%（P>0.05）。③对照组血浆中甘油三酯（TG）、肌酐（CREA）及尿酸（UA）的含量与各试验组相比均无显著（P>0.05）差异。试验Ⅰ组及试验Ⅳ组血浆中CREA浓度较对照组分别提高13.38%和9.86%（P>0.05）。试验Ⅱ组血浆中胆碱酯酶（CHE）活力显著（P<0.05）高于试验Ⅲ组,提高了17.70%。④对照组血浆中Mg²⁺浓度与各试验组相比差异不显著（P>0.05）;试验Ⅲ组血浆中Ca²⁺浓度最低,与对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组及试验Ⅳ组相比,分别降低了23.44%、16.40%、25.89%及21.43%（P<0.05）。[结论] 综合来看,使用伊维菌素和阿苯达唑混合驱虫,对伊犁马血浆中的氮代谢、糖脂代谢指标及肝功能代谢酶活力改善效果更明显。     

代乳粉对羔羊生产性能及血液生化指标的影响

本文旨在研究代乳粉对羔羊生产性能和血液生化指标的影响,并优选出适宜的羔羊代乳粉营养水平和稀释比例。选择80只健康的小尾寒羊羔羊,采用单因子试验设计,将羔羊随机分为4组进行试验。初生羔羊吃足初乳,于5天后分组,采用逐渐替代法,将母乳转换成3种不同营养水平的代乳粉,分别以一定的稀释比例哺喂3组羔羊,另1组为对照组(喂纯羊乳)。结果表明:①饲喂代乳粉对各组羔羊的死亡率无显著影响。②试验1组的平均日增重(ADG)为193 g,明显高于对照组的151.25 g和试验3组的107 g,差异显著(P<0.05);而试验2组的平均日增重为160.5 g,与其他3组无明显差异(P>0.05)。③血液指标中,血糖(Glu)值以试验1组最高,为3.84 mmol/L,明显高于对照组和其他2组(P<0.01);试验2组的血清尿素氮(BUN)值为16.89 mg/dL,极显著地高于对照组的9.99 mg/dL和试验3组的8.76 mg/dL(P<0.01),显著高于试验1组(P<0.05);各组中血清白蛋白(ALB)含量比较接近,无显著差异(P>0.05);总蛋白(TP)含量试验1组最高为52.26 g/L,极显著高于对照组和试验3组(P<0.01),而与试验2组相比差异不显著(P>0.05)。早期断奶羔羊平均每只每日进食的消化能和粗蛋白分别为9.21 MJ、106.92 g,哺喂营养含量和稀释比例适宜的代乳粉(试验1组)能促进早期断奶羔羊的生长发育。     

一氧化碳(CO)在植物体内的生理生化作用研究进展

为了促进一氧化碳(CO)在植物生理生化方面的研究,本文归纳了CO在植物体中的生物合成途径,CO作为信号分子对植物各种生理功能的调控,以及CO与其他信号分子之间的相互作用。经过分析得出,CO在植物生物胁迫过程中的作用及其作用机制方面的研究还很少,因此,CO在这方面的研究将会成为今后的研究重点。     

L-肉碱对眼点拟微绿球藻种群增长及生化组成的影响

【目的】探究L-肉碱对眼点拟微绿球藻(Nannochloropsis oculata)种群增长及生化组成的影响,为L-肉碱对眼点拟微绿球藻营养调控作用和调控机理研究提供参考。【方法】分别采用不同质量浓度(0(对照组),5,50,100 mg/L)的L-肉碱强化培养眼点拟微绿球藻6 d,每组3个重复。每天检测眼点拟微绿球的种群密度,试验结束时收集样品并检测眼点拟微绿球的生化组成。【结果】5 mg/L L-肉碱组眼点拟微绿球的种群密度显著高于其他组(P0.05)。5和50 mg/L L-肉碱组眼点拟微绿球藻总糖含量无显著差异,但均显著高于对照组(P0.05),而显著低于100 mg/L L-肉碱组(P0.05)。5 mg/L L-肉碱组眼点拟微绿球藻的总脂含量显著低于其他3组(P0.05),而其他3组间无显著差异,但以100 mg/L L-肉碱组最高。5 mg/L L-肉碱组眼点拟微绿球藻的可溶性蛋白含量最高,显著高于其他3组(P0.05)。5 mg/L L-肉碱组眼点拟微绿球藻的叶绿素a含量最高,虽与对照组无显著差异(P0.05),但均显著高于50和100 mg/L L-肉碱组(P0.05),而50 mg/L L-肉碱组显著高于100 mg/L L-肉碱组(P0.05)。5和50 mg/L L-肉碱组眼点拟微绿球藻的∑SFA含量显著低于对照组和100 mg/L L-肉碱组(P0.05)。5 mg/L L-肉碱组眼点拟微绿球藻的∑MUFA含量显著高于其他3组(P0.05),其他3组间无显著差异(P0.05)。5和50 mg/L L-肉碱组眼点拟微绿球藻的∑PUFA、∑EPA+DHA和∑n-3含量均显著高于对照组和100 mg/L L-肉碱组(P0.05)。5和100 mg/L L-肉碱组眼点拟微绿球藻的∑n-6含量显著低于对照组和50 mg/L L-肉碱组(P0.05)。【结论】在本试验条件下,添加5 mg/L L-肉碱能显著促进眼点拟微绿球藻的种群增长,提高其可溶性蛋白和总糖含量,并能显著改善其脂肪酸组成。     

东北梅花鹿茸不同部位游离氨基酸含量的比较分析

选用10支东北梅花鹿茸,每支茸从顶端到基部分腊片、粉片、血片和骨片4个部位分别取样,测定分析各部位游离氨基酸含量。结果表明:东北梅花鹿茸腊片、粉片、血片和骨片游离氨基酸总量分别为1.96%、1.47%、1.24%和0.62%,必需游离氨基酸总量分别为0.57%、0.40%、0.35%和0.19%,各部位之间差异极显著。     

聚对氯苯胺修饰电极的制作及应用研究

通过对聚对氯苯胺膜修饰电极的制作和实验特性的研究,发现聚对氯苯胺膜表面均匀、光滑、牢固,在pH3～11范围内均有响应,测定的重现性好。电极使用长久且稳定性高。该电极和参比电极可直接插入家兔等活体内测定血乳酸的变化情况,对生命科学的活体检测和诊断有其实用意义。