清洁生产的经济效益浅析

指出了清洁生产是一种先进的生产方式,从根本上改变了传统的“先污染后治理”的思维模式,是实现环境效益与经济效益双赢的唯一战略选择。结合企业实例概述了清洁生产和经济效益两者之间的关系,经过计算得出了清洁生产产生的经济效益,给了企业一个衡量的标准。清洁生产为经济效益的实现提供了更好的途径,经济反过来为清洁生产提供了更大的发展空间。研究结果表明：清洁生产需要和经济相互协调,以保证在清洁生产方式下达到环境与经济的最大化。     

丽江老君山国家公园植物景观资源的开发与保护

党的十八届三中全会提出划定生态保护红线的战略决策,建立国家公园体制是一项与生态红线相关的重要任务。建立国家公园体制的根本出发点是对资源的有效保护与合理利用,其中植物景观资源的开发与保护占据着十分重要的地位。据此,以丽江老君山国家公园为例,就寒温性针叶林、寒温性杜鹃矮林、落叶阔叶林、亚高山草甸4个最能反映该地区植物景观资源特色的植被类型,提出生态观光旅游、科考旅游、休闲旅游以及就地保护和保育景观资源,实施植物恢复工程等开发与保护策略。     

南通市高校校园植物资源调查与分析

以南通市高校校园绿地为研究对象,对校园内的植物种类进行了调查。结果表明,校区内共有植物177种,隶属于73个科,其中以蔷薇科、木兰科、豆科、菊科等少数几个科占有较多的种类。文中对校区内的乔木层、灌木层和地被植物进行了分析,指出了各层次的物种搭配存在的问题;最后,明确了校园绿化存在的问题,并对校园绿化和发展提出了建议。     

湖南省规模化生态养猪评价指标体系构建与实证分析

为科学推动规模化生态养猪的发展,采用定性与定量相结合的方法,构建了以环境友好、安全健康、资源节约为主要目标的规模化生态养猪评价指标体系;同时,运用该评价指标体系对湖南省某猪场进行评价,从实践层面对指标体系进行了佐证。此猪场被评为二星级规模化生态猪场,年生态效益保守估计约为70万元。基于评价结果,指出了猪场存在新能源利用率低、总体能耗偏高、经济效益较差、污水（沼液）利用率有待提高、资源环境领域相关制度不完善等五大问题。     

淀山湖鱼类群落结构多样性的年际变化

淀山湖是上海市内陆水域最大的淡水湖泊,主要的淡水渔业水域和水产品来源地,也是重要的水生生物保护基地。为了评估增殖放流和生态环境变化对淀山湖鱼类群落结构变化的影响,本研究以2010-2012年淀山湖的渔业调查资料为基础,对该湖泊的鱼类优势种组成和多样性指数进行年际变化分析,并应用丰度生物量曲线方法对该湖的鱼类群落状况进行分析。结果表明:2010-2012年淀山湖鱼种类数基本稳定,基本鱼种组成变化不显著,优势鱼种组成趋势渐以小型鱼类为主;群落结构多样性指数年间差异不显著(P0.05);ABC曲线显示2010-2012这三年淀山湖群落的数量优势度曲线均高于生物量的优势度曲线,鱼类群落结构仍处于严重干扰状态。因此,建议改善增殖放流鱼种和加强渔业管理,以维持淀山湖鱼类群落的稳定。     

木耳属4个野生菌株的培养特性研究

通过研究不同营养和环境条件对木耳属4个主要种类的野生菌株生长速率和生长势等培养特性的影响,明确了黑木耳、毛木耳、皱木耳、紫木耳菌丝生长的最适温度范围以及最佳碳源和氮源。     

Extending the Encounter–Norm–Crowding Generalization to Angler Evaluations of Other Social and Resource Indicators

Recreationists who encounter more people than their normative tolerance for seeing others usually feel more crowded than those encountering fewer than their norm. This research note extends this observation–norm–evaluation relationship (e.g., encounter–norm–crowding) to other evaluations and indicators. Data were from a survey of anglers on the Gulkana National Wild River in Alaska (n = 288). Respondents who encountered more people than their norm felt more crowded than those encountering fewer than their norm. When impacts from other social indicators (e.g., camping within sight or sound of other groups, fishing area competition) exceeded user norms, crowding was higher and satisfaction with overall trip quality was lower than for those experiencing less than their norms. When impacts from resource indicators (e.g., litter, impacted campsites) exceeded norms, satisfaction with both environmental quality and trip quality were lower than for those experiencing less than their norms. The encounter–norm– crowding generalization, therefore, extended to other indicators and evaluations.     

广东海南两省海库潮间带生物量

广东海南两省海库潮间带生物量关则良，揭振英，周元建（湛江水产学院，５２４０２５）关键词潮间带，生物量，ＳＡＳ系统ＢＩＯＭＡＳＳＩＮＣＯＡＳＴＡＬ，ＴＩＤＡＬＺＯＮＥＯＦＧＵＡＮＧＤＯＮＧＡＮＤＨＡＩＮＡＮ￥ＧｕａｎＺｅｌｉａｎｇ；ＪｉｅＺｈｅｎｇｙｉ...     

Changes in density of under-yearling masu salmon <Emphasis Type="Italic">Oncorhynchus masou</Emphasis> in a natural stream after release

ABSTRACT:   The relation between the density of fish and parameters such as body weight, condition factor and the hepatic triglyceride (TG) content of masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou juveniles after release into a natural stream were studied. Hatchery-reared juveniles of different sizes and numbers were released in May 1999, 2000 and 2001, and investigations were carried out from July to September each year. The density of fish was relatively high in 1999, when juveniles of the largest size and number were released, but then continued to decrease during the investigation. The hepatic TG content remained considerably low in 1999, and there was a significant negative correlation between the density of fish and the hepatic TG content of the juveniles caught over three years. The initial fish size and number at release as well as the nutritional condition of the juveniles may affect the density of fish after release.