Two in vitro assays to evaluate resistance in Linum usitatissimum to Fusarium wilt disease

Two types of in vitro seedling tests were developed to evaluate resistance in flax (Linum usitatissimum) against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lini. In the first test a solid medium was used. The second test was based on a liquid medium. Disease severity was assessed after three weeks, using the observed reduction of plant length as a scale. Both methods proved to be useful for screening for resistance, for evaluating race specificity of resistance and for studying symptomatology. The solid medium method proved to be the more accurate for the screening, but the liquid medium method was much less time- and labour-consuming. The results of the tests were significantly correlated with observations under field conditions.     

Plasma cortisol responses to three cortico-trophic preparations in normal dogs

Objective To compare cortisol responses to three corticotrophic preparations in normal dogs.
Animals Eight clinically normal dogs (four intact males, four intact females) of medium size.
Procedures Each dog received four treatments on four separate occasions in a duplicated Latin square pattern. Treatments were two adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) preparations given intramuscularly at 2.2 U/kg, one of the ACTH preparations given intramuscularly at 1 U/kg and a synthetic polypeptide with ACTH-like activity (tetracosactrin, cosyntropin) given intravenously at 5 μg/kg. Plasma samples were taken for cortisol assay before and at 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 h after treatment.
Results Plasma cortisol concentrations were similar with the two ACTH preparations and at both dose rates. Tetracosactrin produced smaller mean peak cortisol concentrations, which tended to occur earlier than with ACTH, and smaller values for the area under the curve of plasma cortisol concentration from zero time to 4 h.
Conclusion The findings suggest that canine adrenal function can be tested adequately by giving ACTH intramuscularly at 1 U/kg and measuring plasma cortisol in samples taken at 0 and 2 h, or by giving tetracosactrin intravenously at 5 μg/kg and determining cortisol concentration at 0 and 1 h.     

用大肠杆菌K99和F41菌毛抗原检测牛血清抗体的琼脂扩散试验的研究

用含２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ尿素的磷酸盐缓冲液以热处理方法提取的Ｋ９９和Ｆ４１菌毛作为抗原,对琼脂扩散试验方法进行研究。结果表明本试验方法简便,特异性强,敏感性高,可用于血清抗体检测;所制备的抗原稳定、重复性好。     

不同寄主来源的大丽轮枝孢对沙打旺和苜蓿的致病性

接种鉴定了由９种植物分离得到的１２个大丽轮枝孢（ＶｅｒｔｉｃｉｌｉｕｍｄａｈｌｉａｅＫｌｅｂ．）菌株对沙打旺（Ａｓｔｒａｇａｌｕｓａｄｓｕｒｇｅｎｓ）和苜蓿（Ｍｅｄｉｃａｇｏｓａｔｉｖａ,Ｍ．ｆａｌｃａｔａ,Ｍ．ｍｅｄｉａ）的致病性。结果表明,绿豆、西瓜、茄子、棉花、向日葵、番茄、马铃薯、萝卜和沙打旺分离菌株都能正常侵染沙打旺,引起典型表观症状和维管束变色。绿豆和西瓜分离菌株侵染苜蓿后能引起轻微的表观症状,其他菌株侵染后仅引起维管束轻度变色,但由变色部分可分离出大丽轮枝孢,这表明苜蓿可以无症带菌。     

EMS对播娘蒿生物学效应的研究

在２５℃、４℃不同温度条件下,用不同浓度的ＥＭＳ诱发播娘蒿突变。结果表明,播娘蒿的发芽势、发芽率、出苗率和幼苗高度均随ＥＭＳ浓度的提高而降低;且ＥＭＳ在４℃时较２５℃时对种子影响较小。ＥＭＳ诱变播娘蒿的适宜浓度在１０％和２０％之间。     

闽南毛竹林合理经营密度的研究

在闽南毛竹分布区的毛竹林分中建立标准地２４７块，利用柯尔莫哥洛夫的正态分布检验法。结合半峰宽理论，分析计算了闽南毛竹林的合理经营密度为１２００株￣１６５０朱／ｈｍ＾２，为闽南毛竹林持续经营提供了理论依据。     

Tree improvement effects on tree size distributions for Picea glauca and Picea mariana in New Brunswick,Canada

Abstract

Height and diameter distributions between improved and unimproved (checklot) seedlots for white spruce [Picea glauca (Moench) Voss] and black spruce [Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP] were compared using the two-parameter Weibull function. Individual tree height at age 5–15 years and diameter at breast height at age 15 years that were collected from two series of large-plot realized gain tests were used for this purpose. For both species, improved seedlots did not significantly (α=0.05) change the shape parameter of the distributions relative to their checklots, suggesting that an overall shape value will be adequate to predict tree size distributions of various improved seedlots. The most important finding was that seedlot influenced the scale parameter (related to the range of the distribution) significantly, but from a practical viewpoint, only those scale values of the higher rated seedlots (i.e. seedlots collected from a rogued seed orchard or superior families) were significantly higher (α=0.05) than those of the respective unimproved seedlot. The changes in scale value of the alternative improved seedlots relative to the checklot (Δ_Scale) were comparable in magnitude to the respective realized genetic gains, suggesting that tree improvement effects on the scale value can be adjusted by realized genetic gains. The results also suggest that site and age significantly affected the scale value; in general, Δ_Scale became larger at earlier ages or on better sites. The findings reported here will be used in the development of yield functions for genetically improved white and black spruce in New Brunswick.     

果洛地区多年生牧草引种试验初报

在果洛地区两个试验点同时进行２５种牧草的引种试验和室内发芽试验。结果表明：１１种禾草和２种豆科牧草表现良好，６种禾草和１种豆科牧草一般，３种禾草和１种豆科牧草农现差。     

痣鳞鳃金龟的生物学特性与防治

痣鳞鳃金龟二年发生一代 ,此虫在砂质土壤的林地密度大 ,为害严重。造林时在每株根际施 5g 3 %呋喃丹颗粒剂 ,可有效地控制此虫的危害并兼治其它地下害虫和造林初期的食叶害虫。     

沿海沙岸防风固沙木麻黄试验示范林抗御台风分析

湛江市“９６１５”号台风给沿海防护林带来了巨大损失，对国营东海林场木麻黄试验示范林从７个方面进行风害调查分析，结果表明：林木侧根多，而且粗壮，平均胸径大的标准地受破坏轻，抗风能力强；林木平均树高、冠幅和高径比大的标准地受破坏重，抗风能力差。位于临海最前沿的第一试验区受破坏严重；被它保护下的第二至第四试验区受破坏程度逐渐减轻。