兔眼蓝莓花期生物学特征研究

2012年4-5月在贵州省植物园对兔眼蓝莓梯芙兰、灿烂两个品种进行单花标注跟踪观测调查单花花期试验.结果表明：兔眼蓝莓单花花期为17～21d,花苞期9～15d,开花期4～8d.     

生物有机肥对小麦生长发育的影响

试验以济麦22为材料,研究不同生物有机肥对小麦生长发育的影响。结果表明：在本试验条件下,施用生物有机肥可以使作物保持良好的生长发展态势,提高了小麦在苗期的根冠比,提高小麦旗叶中叶绿素的含量与叶面积指数,且能使叶绿素下降缓慢,延缓旗叶的衰老,从而达到旱地小麦增产的目的。     

重庆地区常绿岩垂草引种生物入侵风险评价

为了防控引种可能带来的危害,对已引物种应进行生态入侵风险评估,建立相应监控对策。笔者通过查阅资料、实地调研、专家咨询等方法,应用外来种入侵的风险评估体系及风险评价标准,对重庆地区常绿岩垂草引种生物入侵的风险性进行了分析,结论为:在重庆地区,常绿岩垂草属于具有一定风险的外来种,需要进一步地获取相关信息或采取防范监控措施。     

水质生物毒性在线监测的必要性和常用方法探讨

指出了水环境污染事故的不断发生,严重威胁着人们正常的生产和生活秩序,为了预警重特大水质污染事故的发生,及时采取有效措施降低损失,提出了引入新的监测技术,开展水质生物毒性在线监洌l工作成为水质在线监测工作的必然,探讨了生物毒性在线监测的常用方法。     

配施生物基质肥料对茶园土壤有机碳固持的影响

通过长期定位试验,研究连续4年配施生物基质肥料对茶园土壤有机碳固持的影响,结果表明：随着生物基质肥料施用比例的增加土壤有机碳含量呈现增加的趋势;土壤基础呼吸量以全量施用生物基质肥料最低,75%生物基质肥配施25%化肥最高;土壤微生物量碳随着生物基质肥料施用比例的增加而增加;生物基质肥料的施用显著提高了土壤微生物商,降低了土壤呼吸商;适当的施肥结构促进茶树生长和茶叶产量的提高,春茶茶叶产量以25%生物基质肥＋75%化肥处理最高,以100%生物基质肥料处理最低。综合配施生物基质肥料对茶园土壤有机碳固持和对茶树生长的影响,初步认为25%～50%生物基质肥＋75%～50%化肥适宜茶园施用。     

狼毒及瑞香狼毒的研究进展

大戟科狼毒含有挥发油成分、萜类、植物甾醇类、蒽醌、鞣质类、苯乙酮、杀虫成分。月腺大戟还分离出了黄酮类化合物;而瑞香狼毒含有木脂素、黄酮类化合物、二萜类化合物、香豆素类化合物、三萜类化合物、甾醇类以及其他成分。大戟科狼毒与瑞香狼毒的生物活性都有抗癌或抗肿瘤、抗茵、抗病毒、抗惊厥、杀虫作用,但二者的作用方式却不同,大戟科狼毒还独有抗白血病作用,而瑞香狼毒独有治疗和预防免疫缺陷的作用。关于狼毒的记载与研究的历史较早,但对于瑞香狼毒与大戟科植物狼毒大戟和月腺大戟的收载比较混乱,因此,对瑞香狼毒与大戟科狼毒在植物形态、生长分布、化学成分研究以及生物活性研究上进行了对比。     

云南半细毛羊毛囊干细胞生物学特性分析

为研究云南半细毛羊毛囊干细胞（hair follicle stem cells,HFSCs）的生物学特性,采用组织块法分离培养云南半细毛羊HFSCs,并对其细胞形态、生长动力学、冷冻与复苏、染色体核型等生物学特性进行分析.结果表明：HFSCs为贴壁生长,体积小,核质比高,呈典型的铺路石状,在显微镜下折光性强、胞体透亮.细胞生长曲线为“S”型.冻存前细胞活率98.2％,复苏后细胞活率96.4％.染色体中正常二倍体数目2n=54,其中,长染色体中有3对为中着丝点染色体,23对为端着丝点染色体,X染色体为最大的近端着丝点染色体,Y染色体为最小的亚中着丝点染色体.所得细胞呈现典型的HFSCs特征,细胞活性好,细胞系为稳定的二倍体细胞系.     

外来物种对中国林业的影响浅谈

阐述松突圆蚧、柳心叶甲、美国白蛾、松材线虫、紫茎泽兰、薇甘菊、互花米草、松针红斑病菌等外来物种的为害对象,以及其入侵给我国林业生态、经济带来的危害,分析外来入侵种的特点,提出相应的防治措施。     

Insights into the Toxicological Properties of a Low Molecular Weight Fraction from Zoanthus sociatus (Cnidaria)

The phylum Cnidaria is an ancient group of venomous animals, specialized in the production and delivery of toxins. Many species belonging to the class Anthozoa have been studied and their venoms often contain a group of peptides, less than 10 kDa, that act upon ion channels. These peptides and their targets interact with high affinity producing neurotoxic and cardiotoxic effects, and even death, depending on the dose and the administration pathway. Zoanthiniaria is an order of the Subclass Hexacorallia, class Anthozoa, and unlike sea anemone (order Actiniaria), neither its diversity of toxins nor the in vivo effects of the venoms has been exhaustively explored. In this study we assessed some toxicological tests on mice with a low molecular weight fraction obtained by gel filtration in Sephadex G-50 from Zoanthus sociatus crude extract. The gel filtration chromatogram at 280 nm revealed two major peaks, the highest absorbance corresponding to the low molecular weight fraction. The toxicological effects seem to be mostly autonomic and cardiotoxic, causing death in a dose dependent manner with a LD₅₀ of 792 μg/kg. Moreover, at a dose of 600 μg/kg the active fraction accelerated the KCl-induced lethality in mice.     

Internal parasites of possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) from Kawau Island,Chatham Island and Stewart Island

As part of a search for pathogens that might be useful agents for biological control of possums, the three largest offshore islands of New Zealand that still have possums were surveyed to determine the pathogens present in these isolated populations. Brushtail possums from Kawau Island (n = 158), Chatham Island (n = 214) and Stewart Island (n = 194) were examined for internal parasites.

Possums from Kawau Island were infected with Eimeria spp. (16.7%), Bertiella trichosuri (5.2%) and Parastrongyloides trichosuri (15.5%). No Paraustrostrongylus trichosuri or Trichostrongylus spp. were found. Possums from Chatham Island were infected with Eimeria spp. (10.9%). Bertiella trichosuri (3.6%), T. colubriformis (6.6%), T. retortaeformis (1%) and T. vitrinus (0.5%). No Parastrongyloides or Paraustrostrongylus spp. were found. Possums from Stewart Island were infected only with Eimeria spp. (4.6%).

Because of their paucity of some parasites, the opportunity exists to use these offshore islands to study the introduction and spread of a parasite into a possum population, and what technology would be required to bring it to hyperendemicity.