红树植物无瓣海桑引种的初步研究

在海南,深圳红树林区引种孟加拉国优良速生树种无瓣海桑,均已开花结果,种子千粒重为１４．４１－１４．８８ｇ,发芽率为９０％－９６％,１年生苗高为１．５ｍ左右,海南无瓣海桑５年生平均高为９．２ｍ、平均胸径为１２．９ｃｍ,分别高出本地优势种海桑３９．４％和２６．５％,差异极显著。     

Characterization of wheat-triticale doubled haploid lines by cytological and biochemical markers

Five wheat-triticale doubled haploid (DH) lines— M08, V209, DH220-14-2, DH696-3-4 and M16 —derived from anther culture of F₁s resulting from crosses involving hexaploid or octoploid triticale × hexaploid wheat, were characterized by cytological and biochemical markers. Cytological evidence from genomic in situ hybridization and C-banding indicated that DH lines M08 and V209 (2n= 42) each contained a pair of 1BL/1RS translocation chromosomes. DH220-14-2 (2n= 42) was also a translocated line with two pairs of chromosomes containing small fragments of rye. One of the translocation fragments carried the Sec-1R gene originating from the satellite region of 1RS; the origin of the other one remains unknown. DH696-3-4 (2n= 42) contained a 3D(3R) substitution. In M16 (2n= 44), three pairs of rye chromosomes, 3R, 4R and 6R, were present, 4R as an addition and 3D(3R) and 6D(6R) as substitutions. Biochemical, isozyme and storage protein markers confirmed the cytological conclusions. The advantages of transferring alien chromosomes or chromosome fragments into wheat and creating alien aneuploid lines by anther culture of hybrid F¹s are discussed.     

Genetic parameters of several biochemical compounds from green coffee, Coffea canephora

A factorial crossing scheme of Cofflea canephora (two parents from the Congolese group crossed to 14 parents of the Guinean group) was used to evaluate genetic parameters of several biochemical compounds, bean weight and crop outturn (ration of dry bean weight 10 fresh berry weight). For most characters studied, additive genetic effects were preponderant. Narrow-sense heritability was high for caffeine content (h²_ns= 0.80), fat matter content (h²_ns, = 0.74), bean weight (h²_ns= 0.73) and crop outturn (h²_ns= 1). It was intermediate for trigonelline (h²_ns= 0.38) and chlorogenic acid (h²_ns= 0.36) content. Only sucrose content had a low narrow-sense heritability (h²_ns=0.11). There were few genetic and enviromnental correlations, Consequences for breeding, in relation to coffee drinking quality, are discussed.     

榆林地区农田开发与粮食增产回归分析及潜力研究

陕西榆林地区１２个县,均为黄河流域水域流失重点是和贫困县,建国以来修水地,坝地,梯田３７．８万ｈｍ＾２,占粮田总面积６０％,该文采用回归分析方法,求出大田面积与大田作物单产的回归系数为４３．９,即每修１万ｈｍ＾２“三田”的增产效益要当于粮田总面积每１ｈｍ＾２,增产４３．９ｋｇ,３５ａ来“三田”总增产为７２６．６万,其相关系数为０．９９５５,为极显著正相关,１９９６年农民人均占有粮４４４ｋｇ,比１９     

小麦午睡原因的研究——Ⅲ.形成小麦午睡生态生理因素作用的综合分析

结合田间生态条件研究了各因素在形成小麦午睡中的作用。并且在人工控制的恒定适温、恒定 CO_2浓度、相对稳定的叶片水势和叶片可溶性醣含量的条件下基本上克服了午睡。研究认为高产麦田 CO_2浓度下降、叶片水势下降以及其所引起的气孔开度减低是形成午睡的主要原因;超过小麦光合适温的高气温和叶片可溶性醣含量过量积累是形     

用电位分布数学模型评价罐底阴极保护效果

地面金属储罐底极阴极保护技术中关键问题之一是判断罐底,特别是罐底中心的保护效果,目前缺少经济和简便的测量罐底保护电位的方法,电位分布数学模型为研究罐底保护提供了一种解决途径。根据稳流电场理论推导并试验验证了罐底阴极保护电位分布的数学模型,发现罐底保护电位和距罐底中心比率距离成类似立方抛物线方程形式。根据这个模型讨论罐底电位分布规律,提出罐周电位检测及一点法、二点法、多点法等电位检测技术用于评价阳极     

复合营养舔砖对山羊的饲用效果和作用机理研究 Ⅰ.补饲营养舔砖对增重速度、胴体性状和经济效益的影响

为验证复合营养舔砖对山羊的饲用效果,进一步完善其配方,改进产品,促进山羊生产发展,通过饲养试验和屠宰测定等手段,研究了复合营养舔砖对山羊增重速度、胴体性状和经济效益的影响．结果表明：补饲舔砖Ⅰ号和Ⅱ号的试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组羊只的平均增重速度分别比对照组提高了４３．６６％和３７．８６％;羊只胴体重、肌肉重、屠宰率和胴体瘦肉率也均显著或极显著地高于对照组,尤以试验Ⅰ组为佳;每只羊平均每天比对照组羊只分别净增纯利０．１７,０．１５元;每吨舔砖产生的直接经济效益分别在２．４１,２．０６万元以上．     

辣椒叶片耐热性生理生化指标探讨

以耐热性不同的３个辣椒品种为试材,对其进行２～８ｄ的高温（３５～４５℃）处理,研究辣椒叶片中细胞膜透性、丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量、游离脯氨酸含量和过氧化物酶（ＰＯＸ）活性的变化与辣椒耐热性的关系．结果表明：３５～４０℃下处理２ｄ,品种间的细胞膜透性变化差异显著;３５～４５℃下处理２ｄ,品种间的游离脯氨酸含量差异显著．因此,细胞膜透性变化和游离脯氨酸的含量这两项指标可用于测定辣椒叶片耐热力     

稻田甲烷排放机理和调控技术

分别在温室和田间进行甲烷排放测定。结果表明：稻田土壤氧化还原电位低于－１８０ｍＶ时,甲烷排放量明显上升;稻田甲烷排放途径：３／４从水稻排出,１／４从土壤排出;宽窄行“双龙出海”插秧＋养萍、垄畦栽水稻＋养萍可分别比常规稻作减少甲烷排放量２１．８％和４２．３％;稻田放养一定量的革胡子鲶能提高土壤氧化还原电位,减少甲烷排放,放养量以２２５０ｋｇ·ｈｍ＾－２为宜。放养量过大会增加甲烷排放;稻田放养鱼、萍,     

苏铁正常绿苗与白化苗若干生理生化指标的差异

苏铁正常绿苗种子粒重、株鲜重、株高、可溶性蛋白质、淀粉酶活性、超氧物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性、色氨酸含量均高于白化苗;而吲哚乙酸氧化酶活性、丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量明显低于白化苗．