锰对大豆苗建成的影响

利用蛭石为基质,采取发芽盒培养的方法,综合评价了不同锰水平对大豆(垦农18号)的形态及物质积累的反应。结果表明,与对照相比,施用适宜浓度的锰(0.0001～0.1mg·L-1)具有促使大豆根系发达和促进地上部生长的作用;缺锰或施锰过多均抑制大豆的苗期生长。     

鲁西黄牛耳缘组织成纤维细胞的体外培养

实验以鲁西黄牛耳缘组织为研究材料,采用组织块贴壁培养法对其进行了成纤维细胞的体外培养。通过细胞的传代培养、形态学和动力学观察与分析,结果表明,所建立的鲁西黄牛耳缘组织成纤维细胞系具有典型的成纤维细胞形态,胞体均为梭形和不规则三角形,且细胞丰满;细胞核形态为卵圆形,并位于胞质中央,核仁清晰。在细胞生长于繁殖过程中亦经历了潜伏期、指数增生、停滞期和衰退死亡期等4个时期。细胞群体倍增时期为72h。实验结果表明,已成功地培养了鲁西黄牛耳缘组织成纤维细胞。     

月季干燥花护形护色的研究

以广州当地红色切花月季为试材,分别采用细沙、硅胶、硅胶+细沙这3种包埋剂,结合高火、中高火、中火这3种微波火力和5个不同干燥时间的试验处理组合,通过分析月季花朵在干燥过程中花色、花瓣质感、花瓣牢固性等指标的变化规律,研究了鲜花干制过程中的保色保形问题.结果表明:包埋剂结合微波处理能有效的降低干燥花花瓣的皱缩程度,提高干花的综合外观品质;其中硅胶+细沙包埋结合微波中高火4min处理的保色保形效果最佳.     

论园林绿化工程中的大树移栽

论述园林绿化工程大树移栽的定义、意义、特点和原则,并对大树移栽前的准备和处理、移栽中的操作规程、移栽后养护管理等方面进行了较为详细的阐述,方法简明、技术适用、科学有效,对各地园林绿化大树移栽成活有一定指导意义。     

海南胶园不同母质发育砖红壤磷素形态特征研究

采用Hedley磷分级方法对海南胶园5种母质15个砖红壤磷素形态进行了研究。结果表明:由于变幅较大,砂页岩、花岗岩、片麻岩、浅海沉积物和玄武岩5种母质砖红壤Resin-P含量间、NaHCO3-Pi含量间、NaOH-Pi含量间和HCl-P含量间差异均不显著。所有土壤各级磷中残余态磷含量和百分比均最高,且玄武岩发育砖红壤上残余态磷含量和百分比含量均显著高于其他4种母质砖红壤。5种母质砖红壤中浅海沉积物发育砖红壤有机磷总量最低,所有土壤有机磷占全磷百分比的平均值为14.67%;除浅海沉积物发育砖红壤外,其他4种母质发育砖红壤上有机磷均以NaOH-Po为主,其占有机磷总量百分比的平均值为83.68%。Resin-P、NaHCO3-Pi、NaOH-Pi和HCl-P 4个无机磷组分含量间显著或极显著水平正相关,且均与土壤Bray 2提取态磷呈极显著的正相关。NaHCO3-Po和NaOH-Po两个有机磷组分含量间呈极显著正相关,NaHCO3-Po、土壤有机磷总量均与土壤有机质含量呈显著正相关。     

富含多糖甜玉米幼穗RNA提取及高温胁迫基因表达分析

以改良Trizol试剂法从富含多糖的甜玉米幼穗中提取高质量、完整的总RNA,利用实时荧光定量PCR对高温胁迫下粤甜13雌穗发育的8个差异表达基因进行分析。结果表明,8个基因分为上调表达和下调表达,实时荧光定量PCR和测序法基因表达谱检测的基因上调或下调表达的趋势一致,上调表达基因ZM2G058057和下调表达基因ZM2G059964、ZM2G044670相对表达量较高,可能在高温胁迫影响甜玉米幼雌穗发育过程中起更重要的作用。     

基于组态王的玉米果穗烘干监控系统设计

为充分保证种子烘干质量和发芽率,避免种子烘干效率低、人为操作失误等问题,采用研华ADAM4000系列数据采集模块,设计了基于组态王6.53的玉米果穗烘干监控系统,实现了对影响玉米果穗烘干质量的温度、压力数据的采集、处理和监控。在工控机上使用组态王实现了对数据分析处理、故障报警等功能,为提高果穗烘干质量提供了技术保障。应用情况表明,系统运行稳定可靠,人机界面友好,能够满足监控系统实时性、可靠性的要求。     

玉米棒三叶光合性状对茎秆糖含量的影响

以YXD053和98A-04两个茎秆高糖自交系及Y6-1茎秆低糖自交系为材料,分析玉米棒三叶光合性状对玉米茎秆糖含量的影响。结果表明,3个自交系茎秆糖含量在雄穗始花期基本一致,雄穗始花后21 d茎秆糖含量差异最大。不同茎秆糖含量玉米自交系光合参数特征明显,与茎秆低糖自交系Y6-1相比,茎秆高糖自交系YXD053和98A-04光合速率有较长的高光合功能持续期,且在子粒发育后期有较高的光合速率。茎秆低糖自交系Y6-1胞间CO_2浓度及蒸腾速率高于茎秆高糖自交系YXD053和98A-04,气孔导度及叶面积对茎秆糖含量的影响在2个茎秆高糖自交系之间表现不一致。乳熟期棒三叶光合速率可作为茎秆糖含量的选择指标。     

Enhanced kernel set promoted by synchronous pollination determines a tradeoff between kernel number and kernel weight in temperate maize hybrids

Maize (Zea mays L.) grain yield is strongly related to the number of harvested kernels, where kernel number can be increased by synchronously pollinating silks rather than allowing them to be progressively pollinated as they naturally appear from the husks. However, there is scarce evidence on how this practice affects kernel weight (KW) and plant grain yield (PGY), and no report exists on its effects when combined with treatments aimed to reduce apical dominance, like male sterility and detasseling. Field experiments were conducted in two growing seasons (Exp₁ and Exp₂) using two hybrids, cropped at contrasting stand densities (3 and 9 plants per m²) and including (i) male-fertile and male-sterile versions, (ii) tasseled and detasseled plants, and (iii) natural (NP) and synchronous pollination (SP; pollen added manually to ears bagged 5 days after initial silking) systems. Tassel growth of sterile and fertile versions was also evaluated in a separate experiment (Exp₃). Detasseling increased the number of ears per plant reaching silking (P < 0.001) of NP plants, but this beneficial effect of reduced apical dominance did not improve kernel number per plant (KNP) or PGY. Similarly, the early arrest of anther growth in male-sterile plants had no clear benefit on KNP. In contrast, KNP was enhanced by synchronous pollination (range between −13% and +71%; average of +15.4% in Exp₁ and +3.9% in Exp₂). However, this pollination system promoted a decreased in KW (range between −30% and +4%; average of −11.8% in Exp₁ and −7.8 in Exp₂) such that the treatment had no effect on PGY (range between −19% and +37%; average of +1% in Exp₁ and −4% in Exp₂). Because plant growth rate around flowering was not different between pollination treatments, assimilate availability per kernel was reduced from ovary fertilization onwards in synchronously pollinated plants when compared to open pollinated plants. This explains the reduced KW when increasing KNP by synchronous pollination. In summary, none of the imposed treatments allowed grain yield to be increased at the plant level.     

转基因玉米TC1507质粒DNA标准物质的研制

标准物质具有特定量值、均匀性和稳定性三大典型特征,也是其作为测量标尺的依据.转基因生物标准物质是我国转基因产品标识制度顺利实施的关键技术支撑之一.文章以转基因玉米TC1507为对象,制备了转化体特异性的新型质粒DNA标准物质pTC1507,并对其均匀性、稳定性、量值进行了评价和测定.测试结果表明,制备的质粒DNA标准物...