注射四联疫苗与有益微生物联用在草鱼池塘养殖中的应用效果

为提高草鱼抗病害能力,并维持良好的水体环境,在中山市东升镇北洋水产养殖场选用12口池塘开展注射草鱼细菌性烂鳃、肠炎、赤皮三联灭活疫苗与病毒性出血病冻干疫苗相混合的四联苗,并联用有益微生物的示范性试验。结果显示,注射四联疫苗后草鱼的抗体效价在D7时即可检测到,D30时达最高值,D90时仍维持该水平;注射四联疫苗组草鱼的免疫原性比空白对照组提高,平均成活率提高29.7%(P0.01),平均免疫保护率为90.9%;使用有益微生物在改良水质、优化养殖环境方面作用显著,可提高草鱼平均存活率7.9%(P0.05);疫苗与有益微生物制剂联用组草鱼的平均成活率提高31.7%(P0.01),获得免疫保护率达96.6%;四联苗组、有益微生物组、四联苗与有益微生物联用组的日增重、净增重、增重率、特定生长率均比对照组提高,饵料系数降低,3个试验组草鱼的收益比对照组分别增加875、1854、2255元(P0.05)。上述试验结果证明,草鱼四联疫苗与有益微生物联用的养殖效果最佳,既可增强鱼体抗病害能力,提高存活率,促进生长,又可改善养殖水体环境,具有良好的协同效益,极具推广应用价值。     

逆境胁迫下的农业管理中土壤-植物-微生物相互作用研究进展

The expected rise in temperature and decreased precipitation owing to climate change and unabated anthropogenic activities add complexity and uncertainty to agro-industry.The impact of soil nutrient imbalance,mismanaged use of chemicals,high temperature,flood or drought,soil salinity,and heavy metal pollutions,with regard to food security,is increasingly being explored worldwide.This review describes the role of soil-plant-microbe interactions along with organic manure in solving stressed agriculture problems.Beneficial microbes associated with plants are known to stimulate plant growth and enhance plant resistance to biotic (diseases) and abiotic (salinity,drought,pollutions,etc.) stresses.The plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and mycorrhizae,a key component of soil microbiota,could play vital roles in the maintenance of plant fitness and soil health under stressed environments.The application of organic manure as a soil conditioner to stressed soils along with suitable microbial strains could further enhance the plant-microbe associations and increase the crop yield.A combination of plant,stress-tolerant microbe,and organic amendment represents the tripartite association to offer a favourable environment to the proliferation of beneficial rhizosphere microbes that in turn enhance the plant growth performance in disturbed agro-ecosystem.Agriculture land use patterns with the proper exploitation of plant-microbe associations,with compatible beneficial microbial agents,could be one of the most effective strategies in the management of the concerned agriculture lands owing to climate change resilience.However,the association of such microbes with plants for stressed agriculture management still needs to be explored in greater depth.     

藻—溞系统对凡纳滨对虾养殖水体调控效果的研究

取5000 mL灭菌后的凡纳滨对虾养殖尾水于5000 mL高压灭菌的烧杯中,分为10组,分别为蛋白核小球藻组(C1)、蛋白核小球藻+大型溞组(C2)、衣藻组(C3)、衣藻+大型溞组(C4)、隐藻组(C5)、隐藻+大型溞组(C6)、蛋白核小球藻+衣藻组(C7)、蛋白核小球藻+衣藻+大型溞组(C8)、衣藻+隐藻组(C9)、...     

我国作物病虫害生物防治研究与应用最新进展

本文总结了近5年来我国在作物病虫害生物防治研究和应用方面的最新进展, 包括作物害虫、病害(真菌、细菌和病毒病)和线虫的生物防治、植物免疫和昆虫性信息素的研究和应用, 以及新方法和新技术在作物病虫控制中的应用。同时, 与国外的研究进展进行了比较, 指出了存在的主要问题、发展趋势与对策建议。