全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2073篇 |
免费 | 108篇 |
国内免费 | 148篇 |
专业分类
林业 | 265篇 |
农学 | 114篇 |
基础科学 | 15篇 |
903篇 | |
综合类 | 547篇 |
农作物 | 68篇 |
水产渔业 | 46篇 |
畜牧兽医 | 221篇 |
园艺 | 43篇 |
植物保护 | 107篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 7篇 |
2023年 | 25篇 |
2022年 | 41篇 |
2021年 | 62篇 |
2020年 | 64篇 |
2019年 | 72篇 |
2018年 | 50篇 |
2017年 | 87篇 |
2016年 | 90篇 |
2015年 | 105篇 |
2014年 | 98篇 |
2013年 | 145篇 |
2012年 | 149篇 |
2011年 | 171篇 |
2010年 | 106篇 |
2009年 | 155篇 |
2008年 | 93篇 |
2007年 | 114篇 |
2006年 | 133篇 |
2005年 | 89篇 |
2004年 | 64篇 |
2003年 | 57篇 |
2002年 | 40篇 |
2001年 | 36篇 |
2000年 | 24篇 |
1999年 | 32篇 |
1998年 | 18篇 |
1997年 | 31篇 |
1996年 | 28篇 |
1995年 | 20篇 |
1994年 | 15篇 |
1993年 | 15篇 |
1992年 | 18篇 |
1991年 | 9篇 |
1990年 | 17篇 |
1989年 | 16篇 |
1988年 | 10篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2329条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
81.
Terumasa Takahashi Akiko Minami Yoshito Asano Tatsuaki Kobayashi 《Journal of Forest Research》1999,4(4):299-302
In order to clarify the effects of tree species on organic matter dynamics in soil, we investigated the amount of forest floor
material, leaf litter decomposition rate, soil chemical characteristics, soil respiration rate and cellulose decomposition
rate in a Japanese cedar forest (cedar plot) and an adjacent Japanese red pine forest (pine plot) established on a flatland.
The amount of forest floor material in the cedar plot was 34.5 Mg ha−1 which was greater than that in the pine plot. Because the leaf litter decomposition rate was higher in the pine plot than
in the cedar plot, it is likely that the difference in the amount of forest floor material between the plots is caused by
the difference in the leaf litter decomposition rate. The C concentrations of soil in the cedar plot were 1.2–2.1 times higher
than those in the pine plot. Soil pH(H2O)s in the cedar plot were significantly higher than those in the pine plot. The soil respiration rates and the rates of mineralized
C in the cedar plot byin vitro incubation were higher than those in the pine plot. From this result, it is assumed that soil organic matter in the cedar
plot was decomposed relatively faster compared with the pine plot. Furthermore, microbial activities, which were reflected
as cellulose decomposition rates in the cedar plot, were higher than those in the pine plot.
A part of this paper was presented at the 109th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Forestry Society (1998). 相似文献
82.
The effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations on the nighttime respiration were examined for two sample branches of a hinoki cypress tree (Chamaecyparis obtusa) growing in the field with an open gas exchange system for a one-year period from July 1994 to June 1995. The branches were
of a similar size and located at a similar position within the crown. One branch was subjected to an elevated CO2 concentration of 800 μmol mol−1 and the other was subjected to ambient air which had a CO2 concentration of about 370 μmol mol−1. Nighttime respiration rate was higher in elevated CO2 level than in ambient CO2 level. The relationship between nighttime respiration and the corresponding nighttime air temperature was fitted by the exponential
function in every month of the year. The segregation of regression lines between the two CO2 treatments increased gradually as the seasons progressed during the treatment period. TheQ
10 values for nighttime respiration were lower in elevated CO2 (1.9 ≤Q
10 ≤ 3.7) than in ambient CO2 (2.4 ≤Q
10 ≤ 4.5) in every month of the year. TheQ
10 was inversely related to the monthly mean nighttime air temperature in both elevated and ambient CO2. The estimated daily nighttime respiration rate under both CO2 treatments had a similar seasonal pattern, which almost synchronized with the temperature change. The respiration ratio of
elevated CO2 to ambient CO2 increased gradually from 1.1 to 1.6 until the end of the experiment. Our results indicate that the CO2 level and the temperature have a strong interactive effect on respiration and suggest that a potential increase in respiration
of branches will occur when ambient CO2 increases. 相似文献
83.
对胶南沿海防护林灌草带和混交林的土壤呼吸速率及其环境因子进行了研究,结果表明:两个类型林地的土壤呼吸速率日变化均呈现出单峰式的变化规律;地表温度是影响土壤呼吸速率的最关键因子,与两个类型的土壤呼吸速率都呈极显著正相关关系,相关系数分别是0.958、0.980;气温也是影响土壤呼吸速率的重要因素,与灌草带土壤呼吸速率呈显著正相关,相关系数是0.857;大气温度、土壤湿度和风速对土壤呼吸速率都有一定影响,但不显著,其中风速对土壤呼吸的影响有待于进一步研究。通过逐步回归方法,得出海防林土壤呼吸速率的主要环境因子与土壤呼吸速率之间的回归模型。 相似文献
84.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(6):445-457
ABSTRACTGrey alder (Alnus incana) is a highly productive indigenous tree species, potential for short-rotation forestry in the Baltic and Nordic countries. The aim of the study was to investigate the development of a new forest generation, as well as the nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) storages and fluxes in a grey alder regenerating coppice (COP) after clear-cut and in an adjacent unharvested 21-year-old stand (MAT), which had reached its bulk maturity. The regeneration of COP was rapid and 5 years after clear-cut, stem mass was 6.4?t?ha?1. The nitrogen demand of the aboveground part of the 5-year-old COP trees was estimated to be roughly half of the corresponding value for MAT, depending mostly on leaf production. The annual N leaching flux in MAT was in the range of 16–29?kg?ha?1, the corresponding values for COP were roughly half of that. Net nitrogen mineralization did not differ significantly between MAT (117?kg?ha?1) and COP (129?kg?ha?1). For the soil respiration study, a 32-year-old grey alder stand growing at a similar site was included; soil respiration was significantly higher in MAT compared to COP in all study years in both studied stands. 相似文献
85.
以江西杉木人工林为例,以Korf型、Richards型和Hossfeld型3种模型为基础,通过广义代数差分法(GADA)分别建立杉木林分断面积生长模型。结果表明:以Richards型为基础的杉木林分断面积预测精度最高,以Richards型模型为最优模型,分别基于贝叶斯法和传统法(非线性最小二乘法)估计杉木林分断面积生长模型。研究发现,利用贝叶斯法估计杉木林分断面积生长模型,预测精度相当且预测值的可靠性比传统法好。 相似文献
86.
87.
正确使用Li-6400进行森林土壤呼吸测定是保证测定精度的前提.本文以落叶松林为例,对Li-6400使用过程应该注意的问题进行了研究.结果表明:塑料圈至少应该测定前12小时进行设置,以减少土壤CO2涌出效应对呼吸的影响,而且塑料圈插入深度对测定结果影响很大:当塑料圈插入过浅时横向气体扩散及塑料圈不稳定而造成测定时CO2的再涌出效应使土壤呼吸测定值偏高;而当插入深度过深时,切断根系导致根系呼吸下降,最活跃的土壤表层呼吸受塑料圈阻隔导致的土壤微生物呼吸测定值下降,这些现象共同造成显著低估土壤呼吸测定值.此外,在晴天白天大部分时间内目标[CO2]值设定为外界相应时段的[CO2]平均值,可以保证测定误差小于5%,而在清晨和傍晚进行测定时,则应该及时调整目标值为外界[CO2]保证测量准确性.这一测定原则在实际测定中具有较高的实用性. 相似文献
88.
Christian?P.?Andersen Ivan?Nikolov Petia?Nikolova Rainer?Matyssek Karl-Heinz?H?berleEmail author 《European Journal of Forest Research》2005,124(3):155-163
Seasonal fluxes of CO2 from soil and the contribution of autotrophic (root + mycorrhizal) to total soil respiration (SR) were estimated for a mixed
stand of European beech (Fagus sylvatica) and Norway spruce (Picea abies) in Central Europe. Mature trees of each species were girdled in August 2002 to eliminate carbohydrate allocation to roots.
SR was measured at distances of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5/2.0 m from the bole of each tree at 1–2 weeks intervals throughout the fall
of 2002 and monthly during the spring and summer of 2003. The contribution of roots and mycorrhizae to total SR was estimated
by the decrease in SR compared to ungirdled control trees to account for seasonal patterns evident in controls. SR decreased
with soil temperature in the fall 2002 and increased again in 2003 as soil warmed. During most of the study period, SR was
strongly related to soil temperature. During the dry summer of 2003, however, SR appeared to be uncoupled from temperature
and was strongly related to soil water content (SWC). Mean rates of SR in beech and spruce control plots as well as root densities
did not show a clear pattern with distance from the bole. SR decreased to levels below controls in beech within a few days
after girdling, whereas spruce did not show a significant decrease until October 2002, 6 weeks after girdling. In both beech
and spruce, decreased SR in response to girdling was greatest closest to the bole, possibly reflecting increased mycorrhizal
activity close to the bole. Autotrophic respiration was estimated in beech to be as much as 50% of the total SR in the stand.
The contribution of autotrophic respiration was less certain for spruce, although close to the bole, the autotrophic fraction
may contribute to total SR as much as in beech. The large fraction of autotrophic respiration in total SR requires better
understanding of tree level stresses that affect carbon allocation below ground. 相似文献
89.
Spatial changes of soil fungal and bacterial biomass from a sub-alpine coniferous forest to grassland in a humid, sub-tropical region 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Fungal and bacterial biomass were determined across a gradient from a forest to grassland in a sub-alpine region in central
Taiwan. The respiration-inhibition and ergosterol methods for the evaluation of the microbial biomass were compared. Soil
fungal and bacterial biomass both significantly decreased (P<0.05) with the shift of vegetation from forest to grassland. Fungal and bacterial respiration rates (evolved CO2) were, respectively, 89.1 μl CO2 g–1 soil h–1 and 55.1 μl CO2 g–1 soil h–1 in the forest and 36.7 μl CO2 g–1 soil h–1 and 35.7 μl CO2 g–1 soil h–1 in the grassland surface soils (0–10 cm). The fungal ergosterol content in the surface soil decreased from the forest zone
(108 μg g–1) to the grassland zone (15.9 μg g–1). A good correlation (R
2=0.90) was exhibited between the soil fungal ergosterol content and soil fungal CO2 production (respiration) for all sampling sites. For the forest and grassland soil profiles, microbial biomass (respiration
and ergosterol) declined dramatically with depth, ten- to 100-fold from the surface organic horizon to the deepest mineral
horizon. With respect to fungal to bacterial ratios for the surface soil (0–10 cm), the forest zone had a significantly (P<0.05) higher ratio (1.65) than the grassland zone (1.05). However, there was no fungal to bacterial ratio trend from the surface
horizon to the deeper mineral horizons of the soil profiles.
Received: 30 March 2000 相似文献
90.
为探讨鲜食核桃冷藏期间品质变化规律,在(0±1)℃、相对湿度(RH)70%~80%的贮藏条件下,以辽河4号(L4)、西扶1号(X1)和西扶2 号(X2)核桃品种为试材,采用0.03 mm 厚聚乙烯(PE)袋包装,定期对其相关指标进行测定。结果显示,贮藏初期(15 d)呼吸强度迅速下降,之后维持在低且平稳的水平;3个品种之间水分、脂肪、蛋白质及氨基酸含量均呈现极显著差异;贮藏期间蛋白质含量变化不显著;脂肪、不饱和脂肪酸含量及维生素E含量总体呈现下降趋势;氨基酸含量30 d 时最高,之后保持下降趋势;酸价及过氧化值呈现上升趋势;贮藏中后期(60 d后)酸价、过氧化值、好果率及感官品质急剧下降。结果表明:鲜食核桃贮藏品质受品种影响很大,60 d 为鲜食核桃适宜贮藏期,以L4品质最好。 相似文献