牛烂蹄坏尾病致病弯角镰刀菌代谢产物分离鉴定

取金寨县耕牛烂蹄坏尾病致病弯角镰刀菌的玉米培养物，用丙酮提取，硅胶净化，制备型硅胶大板分离，得到无色针状结晶体，经质谱和红外光谱分析，并经相关谱图数据库联机检索、甄别，按其分子量、化学式及结构式确定为麦角甾醇，从而证实了致牛烂蹄坏尾病的弯角镰刀菌可产生麦角甾醇。     

Growth of Preimplatation Bovine Embryos

Development of mammalian embryos in vitro is functionally and temporally inferior to embryo development as it occurs inside the female reproductive tract. The deficiencies of cultured embryos range from slow cleavage rates to complete developmental arrests or blocks, occurring at particular stages in many species. A variety of approaches have been used to overcome the blocks, including most extensively the coculture of preimplantation embryos with various somatic cells. However, even with coculture, development of embryos in vitro is still not equivalent to that in vivo. In most laboratories, only 25–40% of inseminated oocytes develop into morulae and blastocysts in spite of numerous variations on the basic technique. A better understanding of the factors governing embryonic growth is required before we can hope to achieve results comparable with those occurring in vivo.     

Influence of storage time and processing on chemical composition and in vitro ruminal fermentation of olive cake

Olive oil extraction generates olive cake (OC) that could be used in ruminant feeding. However, the chemical composition of OC is affected by multiple factors, being therefore highly variable. The objective of this study was to analyse the influence of storage time and further processing: crude, exhausted (subjected to a second oil extraction) and cyclone (obtained from a cyclone separator) on nutritive value of OC samples. Twelve samples (six crude and six exhausted) were obtained monthly from the same pond from 1 to 6 storage months, and nine samples (three crude, three exhausted and three cyclone) were obtained monthly from a different pond from 6 to 9 months storage. Chemical composition was analysed, and OC samples were fermented in vitro with sheep rumen fluid. Increasing storage time up to 6 months decreased sugars and total soluble polyphenols content but increased fibre content in OC. Dry matter effective degradability (DMED) decreased linearly (p < 0.001) by 35.9 and 45.5% as storage time augmented from 1 to 6 months for crude and exhausted OC, respectively. Crude OC had lower DMED values than exhausted OC (averaged values 0.255 and 0.294 g/g, respectively). Both potential production and rate of gas production were lower (p ≤ 0.018) in crude compared with exhausted OC, which was attributed to the high fat content of crude OC (≥86 g/kg dry matter). For samples stored longer than 6 months, cyclone had greater (p < 0.05) DMED than crude and exhausted OC (averaged values 0.207, 0.164 and 0.164 g/g, respectively). The results indicate that ruminal degradability of OC is reduced with advancing storage time, but only subtle changes were observed during the first two months. Cyclone showed greater degradability than crude and exhausted OC, but differences between crude and exhausted OC became negligible after five storage months.     

青海省门源县石头沟地区牛羊胃肠线虫病的调查

石头沟地区放牧的牛羊每年一到秋末或冬季便出现消瘦、贫血、浮肿、被毛脆弱,容易脱落。为此笔者进行调查,走访14户农户,采集了58头牛羊粪便。结果表明,牛羊的胃肠线虫种类很多,往往混合感染,对牛羊危害极大。结果检查出牛羊的线虫感染率为39.01%。     

竞技赛马的营养需要研究进展

马是一种独特的家畜,主要用途是娱乐或工作。长期以来,马的营养一直集中在提供足够数量和类型的营养素,以达到最大的运动状态。营养学家的目标是最大限度地发挥营养对运动的影响,因此,本文综述了关于赛马主要营养素的需求特点,为竞技赛马的饲养提供依据。     

河南省饲料业经济发展现状及其路径探索

文章总结了河南省饲料业经济形成和发展历程,在当前农业供给侧改革和工业产业结构调整背景下,对河南省饲料业经济遇到的问题进行概括和分析,从产业结构调整、高新技术应用、绿色环保和创新企业管理等多个角度论述了河南饲料业改变现状、深化改革的路径和策略,以期推动新经济形态下河南饲料企业的转型升级,提高经济效益和社会效益,推动河南饲料业经济的绿色、长效发展。     

牛胃肠炎发生原因及防治

胃肠炎是家畜生长中的常见病和高发病,牛具有很高的发病率。造成胃肠炎发生的原因是饲养管理不到位、饲料营养价值较差,饲料不足,牛出现营养不良,身体抵抗能力下降,使消化机能变差,进入消化道中的饲料不能很好的吸收,肠鸣音大,饲料随着肠道的蠕动排出体外。临床上主要表现为腹泻、身体脱水、生长发育不良。由于牛胃肠炎的发生机理还不明确,病因比较复杂,在疾病诊治期间应尝试明确实际的发病愿意,对动物进行对症防治,确保牛健康生长。该文主要论述牛胃肠炎的发生原因和防治措施。     

我国蛋鸡养殖成本收益及其影响因素分析

本文采用多元线性回归方法对2006～2008年中国小规模、中规模、大规模蛋鸡养殖者的成本收益进行了实证分析.研究发现:精饲料价格是影响蛋鸡养殖成本收益的关键,提高鸡蛋价格也是促进蛋农增收的重要因素,鸡蛋产量的稳定增长对蛋鸡成本收益的提高作用很大.     

真丝Outlast交织物调温性能的研究

Outlast纤维是一种具有自动调温功能的智能纤维。研究了粘胶型Outlast纤维与真丝不同组分比交织物的调温性能,以及染整加工对织物的调温性能影响。结果表明:当粘胶型Outlast纤维与真丝的组分比为57∶43时,织物具有良好的调温性能,采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)测试其热焓为5.41 J/g;染整加工使织物的调温性能有所下降,精练后织物的热焓下降到5.17 J/g,染色后织物的热焓进一步下降到3.94 J/g;采用相变微胶囊对染色后的织物进行整理,可使其热焓上升到7.71 J/g,扫描电镜(SEM)下显示相变微胶囊附着于织物表面。     

Equine chronic diarrhea: Traditional Chinese veterinary medicine review

Chronic diarrhea is a common problem in equine practice. Herbal medicine has been used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disease in horses for at least one thousand years. In present-day equine practice in China, the most common approach to treat chronic diarrhea is herbal medicine, or a combination of herbal medicine and acupuncture. Three types of chronic diarrhea in horses will be described in detail in term of symptoms, diagnosis and herbal treatments in this paper. Nineteen herbal formulas for treatment of different types of diarrhea will be introduced. Clinical results of each herbal formula will be evaluated. Acupuncture treatment of this problem will also be included.