沿海地区海洋产业布局的现状评价

文章首先构建了沿海地区海洋产业发展的综合评价指标体系，运用因子分析对沿海地区海洋产业竞争力进行了评估。在此基础上，利用集中度和均衡度分析，从产业和区域两个角度进行测算，分析了全国的海洋产业布局情况，为调整海洋产业结构及优化产业布局提供政策建议。     

Continuous infusion of ketamine in hypovolemic dogs anesthetized with desflurane

Objective: To evaluate the cardiorespiratory effects of continuous infusion of ketamine in hypovolemic dogs anesthetized with desflurane. Design: A prospective experimental study. Animals: Twelve mixed breed dogs allocated into 2 groups: saline (n=6) and ketamine (n=6). Interventions: After obtaining baseline measurements (time [T] 0) in awake dogs, hypovolemia was induced by the removal of 40 mL of blood/kg over 30 minutes. Anesthesia was induced and maintained with desflurane (1.5 minimal alveolar concentration) and 30 minutes later (T75) a continuous intravenous (IV) infusion of saline or ketamine (100 μg/kg/min) was initiated. Cardiorespiratory evaluations were obtained 15 minutes after hemorrhage (T45), 30 minutes after desflurane anesthesia, and immediately before initiating the infusion (T75), and 5 (T80), 15 (T90), 30 (T105) and 45 (T120) minutes after beginning the infusion. Measurements and main results: Hypovolemia (T45) reduced the arterial blood pressures (systolic arterial pressure, diastolic arterial pressure [DAP] and mean arterial pressure [MAP]), cardiac (CI) and systolic (SI) indexes, and mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) in both groups. After 30 minutes of desflurane anesthesia (T75), an additional decrease of MAP in both groups was observed, heart rate was higher than T0 at T75, T80, T90 and T105 in saline‐treated dogs only, and the CI was higher in the ketamine group than in the saline group at T75. Five minutes after starting the infusion (T80), respiratory rate (RR) was lower and the end‐tidal CO₂ (ETCO₂) was higher compared with values at T45 in ketamine‐treated dogs. Mean values of ETCO₂ were higher in ketamine than in saline dogs between T75 and T120. The systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) was decreased between T80 and T120 in ketamine when compared with T45. Conclusions: Continuous IV infusion of ketamine in hypovolemic dogs anesthetized with desflurane induced an increase in ETCO₂, but other cardiorespiratory alterations did not differ from those observed when the same concentration of desflurane was used as the sole anesthetic agent. However, this study did not evaluate the effectiveness of ketamine infusion in reducing desflurane dose requirements in hypovolemic dogs or the cardiorespiratory effects of ketamine–desflurane balanced anesthesia.     

性连锁平衡致死系S—8,S—14对桑蚕性别控制能力的测试分析

以普通蚕品种为雌体，性连锁平衡致死系Ｓ－８、Ｓ－１４为雄体进行杂交，以该杂交后代为材料，分析性连锁平衡致死系对桑蚕性别控制的能力，证明其控制桑蚕性别是可靠和有效的，其后代Ｆ１的雄蚕率可达９５％以上，甚至１００％。     

大白菜3号、6号染色体双三体及其初级三体的鉴定

 利用有丝分裂染色体核型分析的方法, 鉴定同源四倍体大白菜小孢子株系940521为3 号、6 号染色体双三体; 在其与冠291 杂交的F₁代中, 利用减数分裂中期Ⅰ染色体观察的方法, 鉴定出了3 号染色体三体和6号染色体三体, 并对F₁代中的两种三体及双三体的数目进行统计, 计算出双三体中的3 号、6 号额外染色体的雌配子传递率分别为28. 26 %和47. 83 %; 利用TTC 染色方法测定3 号染色体三体、6 号染色体三体及双三体的花粉生活力, 结果表明: 3 号染色体三体、6 号染色体三体及双三体的花粉生活力差异达极显著水平。     

家蚕性连锁平衡致死系原种的孵化率与发育调查

为了加速雄蚕品种的实用化进程,对家蚕性连锁平衡致死系原种平28、平30的雄性黄卵和雌性黑卵的孵化率、各龄期减蚕率等进行了调查。平28雄卵、雌卵及平30雄卵、雌卵的二日孵化率分别为39.67%、40.67%与29.50%、36.50%,黄色雄卵孵化率低于黑色雌卵,品种间的二日孵化率达极显著差异。平28雄卵、雌卵及平30雄卵、雌卵1-4龄的减蚕率分别为11.34%、17.62%与9.60%、13.24%,雌性减蚕率高于雄性,品种间的4龄起蚕率达显著性差异。对影响孵化及减蚕率的原因进行分析认为:黄色雄卵在蚕种保护过程中,卵内胚胎除受致死基因的影响外,也许更易受到外界环境诸如光线等的不利影响;平衡致死系的致死基因可能对正常孵化的蚕儿会产生微弱不利影响,从而影响正常孵出蚕儿的生长发育。     

Plant aneuploids: Suggestions for their classification

The paper lists, defines and classifies all types of aneuploids known hitherto. Categorisation has been made on the basis of the alterations of chromosome number and gene content. The change in nomenclature of some aneuploids has been warranted by the fact that some names that are in vogue do not reflect the precise nature of the aneuploid and, are therefore, ambiguous. For these ambiguous terms new names have been proposed. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

生态平衡施肥模型与目标产量施肥模型比较研究

对目标产量施肥模型特点、弊端和预测施肥量精度等进行了综合研究,并与生态平衡施肥模型进行了比较。结果表明:尽管目标产量施肥模型构建合理,参数获得容易,但参数多,参数易变,参数准确测定困难,参数间存在相互影响关系,模型中没有考虑土壤有效养分平衡或变化,因此,它难以作为精确施肥模型使用;与其相比,生态平衡施肥模型将施肥系统中诸多变量统一在质量守恒定律之下,具有测土施肥模型和肥料效应函数模型的双重功能,参数变异小,参数易于获得和预测施肥量准确等诸多优点。     

北京地区蔬菜施肥的问题与对策

目前北京地区蔬菜施肥中氮，磷，钾养分比例不协调，土壤养分收支不平衡，氮，磷盈余而钾不足，这不仅造成蔬菜品质的下降和对环境的污染。也使菜地发生次生盐渍化，并使蔬菜易发生病害，采用土壤诊断与植株诊断相结合的平衡施肥技术，是解决上述问题的有效措施，文章提出了今后蔬菜施肥中需要研究的问题。     

辽西石灰性褐土不同施氮模式下的土壤养分动态研究

从高效施肥的角度出发,研究了不同施氮模式下的辽西石灰性褐土土壤养分时空动态变化特征。结果表明,与对照相比,施氮明显提高0～20 cm土层碱解氮含量。随着土层加深,碱解氮和有效磷含量降低,速效钾含量变化较小。随着生育期推进,0～20 cm土层碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量总体呈先升高后降低的趋势,高峰出现在拔节期或大喇叭口期;20～40 cm土层碱解氮和有效磷含量保持稳定,速效钾含量呈降低-升高-降低趋势,高峰出现在大喇叭口-灌浆期内;40～60 cm土层碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾呈降低-升高-降低趋势,高峰分别出现在大喇叭口期和灌浆期。随着土层加深,土壤pH值升高。施氮降低了0～20 cm土层的pH值,而对20～40cm和40～60 cm土层的pH值无影响。随着生育期推进,0～20 cm土层的pH值呈现升高-降低-升高的趋势,20～40 cm和40～60 cm土层的pH值保持稳定。土壤养分动态变化特征因施氮模式而异。与其它施氮模式相比,二次追肥和一次深施的施氮模式能够在拔节期和大喇叭口期提供玉米较充足的有效养分,满足植株的生理需求。综合考虑土壤养分动态特性、产量性状、产投比、氮肥农学效率等因素,初步筛选出二次追肥和一次深施为辽西春玉米生产中的高效施氮模式。     

雄蚕新品种秋华×平30的育成

【目的】育成经济性状优良的新家蚕性连锁平衡致死系平30，用该品种与皮斑限性杂交原种秋华组配成雄蚕杂交组合秋华×平30。【方法】利用从俄罗斯引进的家蚕性连锁平衡致死系原种S-14为性连锁平衡致死基因的供体亲本，以中国优秀常规蚕品种白云为受体亲本，采用笔者自行设计的家蚕性连锁平衡致死基因导入方法，把S-14的有关性别控制基因导入到白云体内。【结果】经省级鉴定该杂交种雄蚕率达99.8%，生命力强健，茧丝质优良，鲜茧出丝率较对照种提高26.11%，综合经济效益较常规蚕品种提高26.63%。【结论】该品种已通过浙江省桑蚕新品种审定，是国内外第一个通过审定的雄蚕品种。实践表明雄蚕品种深受蚕和农丝厂欢迎，具有广阔的推广应用前景。