茄子新品种“农夫长茄”的选育

农夫长茄是以抗青枯病的蕉岭粗长株系为母本.优质、果实细长的5804改良株系为父本育成的一代杂种.株高100～120 cm,果实长棒形,头尾均匀,单果重约250 g,长28 cm以上,粗5.08～5.21 cm.果皮深紫红色,果面平滑,着色均匀有光泽;果肉白色,肉质紧密度中等,果实商品率90.89%以上.经苗期接种鉴定,表现中抗青枯病.田间表现耐热性、耐寒性、耐涝性强.     

Real-time Fluorescence PCR Method for Detection of Burkholderia glumae from Rice

Burkholderia glumae causing seedling rot and grain rot of rice was listed as a plant quarantine disease of China in 2007. It's quite necessary to set up effective detection methods for the pathogen to manage further dispersal of this disease. The present study combined the real-time PCR method with classical PCR to increase the detecting efficiency, and to develop an accurate, rapid and sensitive method to detect the pathogen in the seed quarantine for effective management of the disease. The results showed that all the tested strains of B. glumae produced about 139 bp specific fragments by the real-time PCR and the general PCR methods, while others showed negative PCR result. The bacteria could be detected at the concentrations of 1×104 CFU/mL by general PCR method and at the concentrations below 100 CFU/mL by real-time fluorescence PCR method. B. glumae could be detected when the inoculated and healthy seeds were mixed with a proportion of 1:100.     

不同营养类型日粮添加外源酶制剂对生长獭兔生产性能的影响

选择40～45日龄的生长獭兔140只,随机分成7组,每组20只。日粮营养分为3个类型,即标准型(粗蛋白17%,粗纤维12%)、低蛋白型(粗蛋白15.5%,粗纤维12%)和高纤维型(粗蛋白17%,粗纤维13.5%),3种日粮分别添加国产兔用复合酶和进口复合酶(耐得酵素),以标准营养(空白)作为对照。结果表明:标准营养条件下,添加国产酶的试验组日增重(25 63g)较对照组(22 93g)差异显著(p<0 05),进口酶组(23 42g)高于对照组,但差异不显著(p>0 05);低蛋白营养和高纤维营养型的试验组日增重均较标准营养型日粮组有所下降,但国产酶组下降幅度较小,与对照组差异不显著(p>0 05),进口酶组下降幅度较大,与国产酶组和对照组差异均显著(p<0 05);标准营养条件下,2个试验组的饲料利用率都优于对照组,分别降低饲料消耗6 43%和1 96%。而低蛋白和高纤维型日粮条件下,国产酶组与标准营养条件下的对照组接近,比进口酶组分别降低21 44%和16 26%。进口酶与标准对照分别增加饲料消耗19 78%和17 86%。试验表明,在生长獭兔日粮中添加外源酶制剂,对于促进生长、降低饲料消耗有较好效果。国产兔用复合酶优于进口的耐得酵素。     

低磷胁迫对番茄根系生长及根际土壤细菌多样性的影响

以低磷胁迫和平衡施肥处理的番茄根系及根际土壤为研究对象,采用WinRHIZO根系分析系统、稀释平板法、PCR-DGGE等分析技术,研究低磷胁迫对番茄根系生长、根际土壤生物学特性以及细菌多样性的影响。结果表明：低磷胁迫导致番茄根系总根长、总根表面积、总根体积和根尖数减少;导致根际土壤中可培养微生物（细菌、真菌和放线菌）数量、酶活性、微生物生物量（C、N、P）以及细菌的多样性指数（H）、丰富度（S）和均匀度指数（Eh）等表征土壤肥力及健康状态的指标下降;导致部分诸如甲基杆菌属（Methylobacterium sp.）等具有溶磷功能的菌群缺失;平衡施肥对番茄的正常生长和提升土壤肥力以及维护土壤健康具有极其重要的作用。     

浅谈高原小盆地烟草青枯病综合防治

高原小盆地种植烤烟易受青枯病危害,为达到综合防治之目的,对烟草青枯病症状、发病条件及流行规律需认真总结,采取有效措施,保证烟农的经济收入不受损失,这是贯彻"三农"政策的实事。     

“南京紫金山地区大型真菌资源调查”之七——本地灵芝科的14个种

2003年,刊登在原《南京农专学报）第一期的“南京紫金山地区大型真菌资源生态环境及其分类鉴定”一文中,曾就灵芝科的16个种做过报道,它们分别隶属于灵芝科的灵芝属,本文发表的图片仅是内中的14种。其中的灵芝、紫芝、树舌和松衫灵芝分别与被广泛应用于现代医药制剂和保健品生产的4个灵芝种相同;我国古代把灵芝等6种芝列为中药中的上品,用于治病和保健,已经延续了很多世纪;而且,灵芝在我国一直被视为吉祥如意的象征。     

无机/有机纳米复合材料的制备方法

随着纳米科学研究与技术开发的日益深入和完善,纳米杂化和纳米复合材料的研究已经发展成为当今物理、化学、材料科学等学科中1个非常活跃的研究领域,其中集有机和无机特性于一身的无机/有机纳米复合材料倍受研究者们的青睐。本文对制备无机/有机纳米复合材料的方法进行了总结。     

测定环境水样中毒死蜱及其降解产物的固相萃取-高效液相色谱法

【目的】为检测水体及其他流体中毒死蜱及其降解物3,5,6-三氯吡啶-2-酚(TCP)残留提供简便而准确的分析方法。【方法】对固相萃取水样的pH、洗脱剂,以及高效液相色谱的流动相组成、pH、梯度洗脱条件、最佳检测波长进行了筛选,建立了环境水体中毒死蜱及其降解产物TCP的固相萃取-高效液相色谱法,并用该方法检测了10份不同来源水样中毒死蜱和TCP的质量浓度。【结果】建立的固相萃取-高效液相色谱法为:水体样品先用5mol/L盐酸调pH为4.5,过滤后取1 L滤过液经固相萃取(SPE)小柱提取、净化,用二氯甲烷-丙酮-乙腈混合液(V(二氯甲烷)∶V(丙酮)∶V(乙腈)=40∶60∶20)洗脱,然后用乙腈-超纯水(pH 3.5)梯度洗脱法对毒死蜱和TCP进行分离,于波长为230 nm下用二极管阵列检测器(DAD)检测,外标法定量。该方法对毒死蜱和TCP的检出限分别为0.15 mg/L和0.30 mg/L,最小检出质量浓度均为0.001 mg/L,线性范围均为0.3~10 mg/L,添加回收率均在70%以上,相对标准偏差分别为0.7%~13.0%和2.7%~7.8%。用该方法测定了不同来源的10份水样,结果可靠。【结论】建立的固相萃取-高效液相色谱法灵敏度、准确度和精密度完全可以满足水体中毒死蜱和TCP残留检测要求,亦为其他流体中毒死蜱及TCP分析提供了参考。     

"南京紫金山地区大型真菌资源调查"之七——本地灵芝科的14个种

2003年,刊登在原《南京农专学报)第一期的"南京紫金山地区大型真菌资源生态环境及其分类鉴定"一文中,曾就灵芝科的16个种做过报道,它们分别隶属于灵芝科的灵芝属,本文发表的图片仅是内中的14种。其中的灵芝、紫芝、树舌和松衫灵芝分别与被广泛应用于现代医药制剂和保健品生产的4个灵芝种相同;我国古代把灵芝等6种芝列为中药中的上品,用于治病和保健,已经延续了很多世纪;而且,灵芝在我国一直被视为吉祥如意的象征。     

Feeding quality assessment of fresh maize stover by means of near-infrared spectroscopy with a new sample presentation unit

Stover quality traits are important in breeding programmes of maize cultivars. However, conventional procedures for evaluation of stover quality are expensive and thus limit the full exploitation of the available genetic variability. Our objective was to assess the potential of near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) with a new sample presentation unit to determine feeding quality of maize stover. The plant material comprised maize inbreds and hybrids. The sample presentation unit was equipped with a near‐infrared diode‐array spectrometer. Coefficient of determination in cross‐validation ranged between 0.77 and 0.94 for contents of dry matter, nitrogen, neutral detergent fibre and in vitro fermentability expressed as gas volume after 24h incubation time, but it was lower for ash content. It was concluded that NIRS with the new sample presentation unit was less accurate than laboratory NIRS to predict the standard reference methods. However, the new sample presentation unit might be used as a fast and efficient technique to perform large screenings of maize stover accessions in breeding programmes.