土地利用动态监测中多源影像融合方法的比较研究--以陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区为例

在陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区,采用单一传感器的遥感影像提取土地利用信息,存在着识别的土地利用类别少、某些类别混分现象较严重、分类结果的精度较低等问题。以TM多光谱数据和SPOT全色光谱数据的融合为例,提出了适宜于该地区的两种影像融合方法:主成分变换法和乘积运算法,并从影像的光谱质量、纹理信息和目视效果等方面对其进行了对比与评价。结果显示,主成分变换法为较理想的融合方法。以陕北无定河流域为实验样区的土地利用自动分类结果表明,该方法的应用使土地利用各类别的提取精度都有不同程度的提高;水体、水田和城镇用地等面积较小的类别分类正确率提高达到10%以上;坡耕地与林草地的混分明显减少,分类精度均提高了5%以上;分类总精度从82.0%提高到89.2%,取得了良好的分类效果。此研究对于遥感影像融合技术的评价与应用进行了有益的探索,同时为该地区的土地利用动态监测提供了关键技术。     

GA3和PP333对萝卜生长及产量的影响

通过研究不同浓度的GA3和PP333及两激素不同浓度的互作对萝卜叶面积、叶重量、叶子叶绿素含量及根冠比的影响。结果表明，两者对叶子叶绿素含量没明显影响，但GA3在促进叶子的生长，叶面积的增大上以10~30ppm效果最好，而PP333虽然能抑制叶子的生长，但在肉质根生长中后期试用50ppm浓度的PP333，抑制了叶子的生长，反而促进了光合产物输送到肉质根，起到增产的作用。适当浓度的GA3和PP333及两者结合增产效果明显     

宁南旱区苜蓿草地土壤水分消耗规律及粮草轮作土壤水分恢复效应研究

对宁南旱区不同生长年限紫花苜蓿草地土壤水分消耗及粮草轮作水分恢复效应进行了研究。结果表明:(1)随着苜蓿生长年限延长,在1￣6年内苜蓿草地土壤湿度下降迅速,产草量逐年上升,7年后土壤湿度下降趋于平缓,但苜蓿产草量下降迅速,表明苜蓿生长强烈耗水引起深层土壤干燥化,导致苜蓿生长逐渐衰败,苜蓿平均降水生产效率逐年下降;(2)苜蓿草地土壤垂直剖面可分为降水入渗恢复层(0￣200cm)、根系发达枯竭层(200￣500cm)和根系衰老缓耗层(500cm以下)三个层次。随苜蓿生长年限延长,苜蓿剖面的主要土壤干层逐渐上移,并且干层厚度呈现减小趋势;(3)耕翻的苜蓿茬后轮作粮食作物的年份越长,土壤水分恢复越好,实行草粮轮作的苜蓿最迟不超过生长的第10年。     

贫困地区农业技术推广新模式：发展小区域农业技术推广户 ——基于甘肃省部分贫困县的调查思考

（1甘肃农业大学经济管理学院，兰州 730070；2兰州资源环境职业技术学院，兰州 730020）     

Development of House Architectural Area Computing and Plotting System

The exact computing of house architectural area and apportionment of area is strongly related to the actual interests of people. If it is done manually,there are many problem such as longer time spending, more workload, requiring detailed verification, nonstandard calculating report. Using ActiveX automation and ADO techniques, the house architectural area computing and plotting system was developed under Autocad R14 environment with VB 6.0 and Access database in order to solve above problem. The developed system can automatically compute house architectural area and apportionment of area for each floor of each building and can print the related data report and drawing. The system works well in many departments of house measurement. Several key technical problem of the system are discussed.     

THE APPLICATION OF SAND-GRAVEL-CUSHION TECHNIOUE IN THE FOUNDATION OF MOUNTAINOUS AREA

This paper presents the application of sand-gravel-cushion technique in thefoundation of mountainous area inhomogeneity and analyges non-uniformity of the foundation inmountainous,It is different from the traditional theory of sand-cushion,This is a new developmentand able to make a full use of the rock debris fill and the combinational soil-rock foundation in the mountainous areas.     

Sampling Investigation on Inhatitant Domestic Tap Water Consumption Situation and It’s Characteristics Analysis

Economics.Through sampling investigation and analysis on inhabitant domestic tap water consumption situation,it is given that economic factors are the main factors influence inhatitant's water consumption.The functional relations among inhabitant's income and water consumption,water price and consumption are given. The tap water's income elasticity of demand and price elasticity of demand is analyzed, along with the fluctuating range month by month of inhabitant's water consumption.Finally ,this paper offers the reference data for planning the ability of water supply and making policies of ladder water prices.     

Approach to Effective Control on the Project Investment

In this paper, in allusion to the three kinds of serious overvaluation (the budgetary estimate of project construction exceeds the rough estimate, the budget exceeds the budgetary estimate and the final accounts exceed the budget) causing uncontrollable project investment often appeared in domestic project construction,the main causes for that are analyzed. That is, the frequent project change and the malpractice of the cost managing system. In this paper, according to some real projects,the kinds and causes of project change are clarified and the malpractice of the cost managing system is analyzed. The effective approaches of reducing the project change, especially the united surveying and improving the cost managing system in order to make the effective control of the project investment are realized.     

Representation of Uncertain Area in Image Based on Cloud-model

Aiming at the problem of representation of regions in the process of image processing, the paper presents a method applied to representation of spatial uncertain area in image based on Cloud-model. In two-dimension universe of discourse of image, the linguistic term of the polygons, which have uncertain edge, can be accomplished by relaxation iteration. The linguistic term of the polygons can be considered Cloud-core of Cloud-model. Based on the characteristics of pixels of transition region of fuzzy edge, Object-clouds of polygons can be constructed by Backward-cloud-generator. So Object-cloud can be representation model of spatial uncertain area and spatial uncertain area in image can be represented by digital characteristics of Object-cloud. Experiments testify the method. It enriches the cloud theory, and proposes a new idea for image comprehending and analyzing, especially remote sensing image.