木蝴蝶提取物制备及其抗菌抗炎活性的研究

本试验对木蝴蝶提取物的制备设计了6种提取方法,分别是水提取、微波提取、60%丙酮提取及95%、70%和45%乙醇提取,采用体外抑菌试验(药敏试验和最小抑菌浓度试验)来研究木蝴蝶的抗菌活性,进行了木蝴蝶急性毒性试验和最大耐受量试验,通过二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀试验来观察木蝴蝶的抗炎活性。结果表明,木蝴蝶的6种提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和鸡大肠杆菌都有抑菌效果,其中95%乙醇的提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和鸡大肠杆菌呈高度敏感。木蝴蝶水提取物对小鼠安全无毒,其毒性小,最大耐受量为150 g/kg体重。木蝴蝶水提取物使小鼠耳肿胀度降低,表现出较好的抗炎作用,同时木蝴蝶水提取物使小鼠胸腺指数和脾脏指数降低,表明其对小鼠免疫功能有一定的抑制作用。     

植物多糖抗炎活性的研究进展

多糖生物学是生命科学的新前沿。多糖的抗炎作用受到了广泛的重视,在临床获得了有效应用。文章简述了具有抗炎作用的植物多糖及多糖的抗炎机制。     

雷公藤多甙纳米乳的抗炎及免疫抑制试验

【目的】制备雷公藤多甙纳米乳(TP-NE),并考察其抗炎及免疫抑制效果。【方法】滴定法制备雷公藤多甙纳米乳,建立SD大鼠蛋清性关节炎和佐剂性关节炎模型,用雷公藤多甙片(TP)和TP-NE进行治疗,治疗过程中测量足部体积,观察其抗炎效果,治疗24 d后用噻唑兰(MTT)法研究TP-NE对脾淋巴细胞增殖活性的影响,并检测血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性和氧化氮(NO)的含量。【结果】TP-NE棕黄色、澄清、透明、平均粒径为23.6 nm,其对大鼠蛋清性关节炎有保护作用,对大鼠佐剂性关节炎有治疗作用,且给药时间越长治疗效果越显著;TP-NE对脾淋巴细胞增殖有显著的抑制作用,可以显著增强血清中SOD活性,极显著降低血清中NO含量。【结论】TP-NE具有较好的抗炎和免疫抑制效果,且具有一定的缓释效应。     

新型非甾体抗炎药物阿司匹林丁香酚酯的研究进展

作为一种新型非甾体抗炎药,阿司匹林丁香酚酯已被证实具有抗炎、镇痛、抗血管内皮氧化、抗血栓、抗动脉粥样硬化、解热等药理活性。相比前药不仅具有低毒、作用时间长、安全范围广等特性,而且克服了前药的不良药物性质。本文将就AEE目前已经研究的毒理学、药物代谢、药代动力学,及其抗动脉粥样硬化、抗血栓、抗血管内皮细胞氧化等药理学研究进展进行综述。     

Molecular Targets of Brown Algae Phlorotannins for the Therapy of Inflammatory Processes of Various Origins

Inflammatory reactions are part of a complex biological response that plays a vital role in the appearance of various stimuli resulting from tissue and cell damage, the invasion of pathogenic bacteria, and the formation of the subsequent adaptive immune response. The production of many triggers and mediators of inflammation, which are inducers of pro-inflammatory factors, is controlled by numerous differentiation programs, through which inflammation is resolved and tissue homeostasis is restored. However, prolonged inflammatory responses or dysregulation of pro-inflammatory mechanisms can lead to chronic inflammation. Modern advances in biotechnology have made it possible to characterize the anti-inflammatory activity of phlorotannins, polyphenolic compounds from brown seaweed, and the mechanisms by which they modulate the inflammatory response. The purpose of this review is to analyze and summarize the results of numerous experimental in vitro and in vivo studies, illustrating the regulatory mechanisms of these compounds, which have a wide range of biological effects on the body. The results of these studies and the need for further research are discussed.     

厚壳贻贝脂溶性提取物抗炎生物活性研究

    以我国海洋养殖的主要贻贝品种之一厚壳贻贝为材料,通过大鼠棉球肉芽肿和佐剂诱导的关节炎模型研究厚壳贻贝脂溶性提取物的抗炎生物活性.结果表明厚壳贻贝脂溶性提取物具有很强的抗炎生物活性,能显著抑制大鼠棉球肉芽肿和大鼠佐剂性关节炎原发性和继发性症状,其抗炎生物活性比新西兰绿唇贻贝脂溶性提取物稍低或与之相当.这为进一步把贻贝作为具有抗炎保健功能的食品或具有自主知识产权的纯天然安全有效的新型抗炎药物开发利用提供了理论基础和依据.     

The Chemically Highly Diversified Metabolites from the Red Sea Marine Sponge Spongia sp.

A polyoxygenated and halogenated labdane, spongianol (1); a polyoxygenated steroid, 3β,5α,9α-trihydroxy-24S-ethylcholest-7-en-6-one (2); a rare seven-membered lactone B ring, (22E,24S)-ergosta-7,22-dien-3β,5α-diol-6,5-olide (3); and an α,β-unsaturated fatty acid, (Z)-3-methyl-9-oxodec-2-enoic acid (4) as well as five known compounds, 10-hydroxykahukuene B (5), pacifenol (6), dysidamide (7), 7,7,7-trichloro-3-hydroxy-2,2,6-trimethyl-4-(4,4,4-trichloro-3-methyl-1-oxobu-tylamino)-heptanoic acid methyl ester (8), and the primary metabolite 2’-deoxynucleoside thymidine (9), have been isolated from the Red Sea sponge Spongia sp. The stereoisomer of 3 was discovered in Ganoderma resinaceum, and metabolites 5 and 6, isolated previously from red algae, were characterized unprecedentedly in the sponge. Compounds 7 and 8 have not been found before in the genus Spongia. Compounds 1–9 were also assayed for cytotoxicity as well as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities.     

Anti-Inflammatory Polyketides from an Alga-Derived Fungus Aspergillus ochraceopetaliformis SCSIO 41020

A new linear polyketide, named aspormisin A (1), together with five known polyketides (2–6), were isolated from the alga-derived fungus Aspergillus ochraceopetaliformis SCSIO 41020. Their structures were elucidated through a detailed comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, as well as a comparison with the literature. An anti-inflammatory evaluation showed that compounds 2, 5, and 6 possessed inhibitory activity against the excessive production of nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages in a dose-dependent manner without cytotoxicity. Further studies revealed that compound 2 was active in blocking the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, MCP-1, and TNF-α) induced by LPS both in vivo and in vitro. Our findings provide a basis for the further development of linear polyketides as promising anti-inflammatory agents.     

The influence of anti-inflammatory therapy on bacterial clearance following intramammary Escherichia coli challenge in goats

Coliform mastitis in dairy cattle frequently results in systemic disease with occasional deaths in association with endotoxic shock. Systemic anti-inflammatory therapy has been used to alter the course of endotoxic shock in severe cases. Use of anti-inflammatory therapy has been questioned on the basis that such treatment may compromise immune function and decrease clearance of bacteria from infected mammary glands. The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether anti-inflammatory therapy influenced bacterial clearance following intramammary challenge of lactating goats with Escherichia coli.Standardized quantities of a pathogenic coliform culture were infused through the teat canal into one half of the mammary gland in 18 goat does. The does were then randomly assigned to receive one of three intravenous treatments: saline (controls), one dose of steroid (dexamethasone), or two doses of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (flunixin meglumine). The clinical signs, milk production, complete blood counts, serum clinical chemistry values, milk bacterial cultures and milk somatic cell concentrations were monitored sequentially.Goats treated with anti-inflammatory agents exhibited some improvement in clinical response to challenge with E. coli (e.g. rectal temperature, degree of appetite suppression) as compared to saline controls. There were no significant differences between treatments in the degree of inflammation present in the mammary glands or supramammary lymph nodes examined at necropsy. The most important finding was that anti-inflammatory therapy did not adversely influence the clearance of E. coli from challenged glands.     

中药金银花提取物抗炎作用研究

为研究金银花提取物对大鼠急性炎症的抗炎作用,了解金银花的抗炎免疫作用,本试验采用鸡蛋清致大白鼠足跖肿胀急性炎症模型,分别采用腹腔注射法和外敷法观察金银花提取物对炎症反应的抑制作用。腹腔注射法以5%地塞米松作为阳性对照;外敷法以皮炎平为阳性对照;均以生理盐水作为阴性对照。结果表明,金银花提取物对蛋清引起的局部急性炎症有明显的抑制作用。为金银花的开发和临床应用提供了试验依据。