Grapes＿meso数值模式预报对石河子定量降水检验研究

为了了解Grapes_meso数值模式预报对石河子垦区的预报能力,提高预报降水的准确率,利用TS评分对2017年11月至2018年9月的Grapes_meso数值模式降水资料进行了24h的时效检验分析。结果表明:晴雨检验的结果与石河子垦区降水气候概率基本一致,即表现为降水少的地方晴雨准确率较高,降水多的地方晴雨准确率低的空间分布特征。一般性降水检验存在较强的季节性,表现为春秋季降水准确率高于夏冬季。分级检验中小雨的准确率明显高于其他量级。此外,Grapes_meso数值模式对暴量雨雪的预报能力较差。     

Crack formation due to weathering of radial and tangential sections of pine and spruce

Abstract

The development of cracks and changes in appearance have been investigated on radial and tangential sections of pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and spruce (Picea abies Karst.) after exposure outdoors for 61 months. The degradation of the sections has also been studied at the micro-level. The annual ring orientation was the most important factor affecting crack development on weathering. After 61 months of outdoor exposure, the tangential sections of spruce had 1.7–2.2 times greater mean total crack length per area unit than the corresponding radial sections. In pine, the total crack length per area unit on the tangential sections was 2.2–2.6 times greater than that on the radial sections. Tangential and radial sections show the same colour change as a result of weathering. Tangential sections have more and deeper cracks than radial surfaces. The cracks on the tangential sections occur frequently in both earlywood and latewood. On radial sections, cracks occur primarily at the annual ring borders, but to a certain extent also in the earlywood. Decomposition of the cell wall takes place in both radial and tangential cell walls, and cracks tend to follow the fibril orientation in the S2-layer of the cell wall. The radial cell wall of the earlywood has a large number of pits which are degraded at an early stage.     

风景名胜区资源调查评价报告的作用

通过对亚布力风景名胜区资源调查评价报告的编制,系统地对亚布力的风景资源进行分析、筛选和分类,确定景源对象,综合评价景源特征;并根据风景资源类别及其组合特点,选择适当的评价单元和评价指标,这将会对风景名胜区的后期规划和景区未来发展起到重要作用。     

基于网络地理信息系统的林业资源统计数据可视化系统设计

针对传统林业资源统计数据多采用文字和表格等方式表达,其形式单一、可视化程度低,难以体现林业资源统计数据的空间分布特性等,文中提出构建基于网络地理信息系统（WebGIS）的林业资源统计数据可视化系统,介绍了该系统关键技术、设计方法、运行效果,并提出了系统发展与研究展望。该系统采用B/S模式下的3层架构:数据层存储了4年的世界森林资源统计数据和中国8次森林资源清查数据,并采用空间数据和属性数据分离存储的模式;后台服务层通过ArcGIS Server和Web Service相结合的方式为前端提供GeoJSON格式数据接口;前端页面层利用ArcGIS API for JavaScript实现具体模块。为提高可视化效果,采用Highcharts框架对数据进行图形化展示。该系统丰富了林业统计资源数据的可视化方式并有效表达出林业资源统计数据的空间分布性,提高了林业资源统计数据可视化程度。     

Crack formation due to weathering of radial and tangential sections of pine and spruce

The development of cracks and changes in appearance have been investigated on radial and tangential sections of pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and spruce (Picea abies Karst.) after exposure outdoors for 61 months. The degradation of the sections has also been studied at the micro-level. The annual ring orientation was the most important factor affecting crack development on weathering. After 61 months of outdoor exposure, the tangential sections of spruce had 1.7-2.2 times greater mean total crack length per area unit than the corresponding radial sections. In pine, the total crack length per area unit on the tangential sections was 2.2-2.6 times greater than that on the radial sections. Tangential and radial sections show the same colour change as a result of weathering. Tangential sections have more and deeper cracks than radial surfaces. The cracks on the tangential sections occur frequently in both earlywood and latewood. On radial sections, cracks occur primarily at the annual ring borders, but to a certain extent also in the earlywood. Decomposition of the cell wall takes place in both radial and tangential cell walls, and cracks tend to follow the fibril orientation in the S2-layer of the cell wall. The radial cell wall of the earlywood has a large number of pits which are degraded at an early stage.     

A family of segmented polynomial functions for modelling the border effect on the diameter growth of Ayous (Triplochiton scleroxylon K. Schum)

This paper introduces a family of four segmented (or grafted) polynomial functions for modelling the decrease in the diameter of Ayous (Triplochiton scleroxylon K. Schum) with distance from the border of the plantation. The functions, each comprising two segments of second degree or less, were fitted to data collected in the Cameroon rain forest. A comparative assessment of the fit was carried out using criteria such as mean deviation, root mean squared deviation, and fit index.

The border effect extended to 10 m inside the plantation where a 50% decrease in diameter occurred. Beyond that distance, the diameter appeared to be stable except for random variation. The estimated functions performed equally well as they all provided a good fit to the data, with a small bias. Most importantly, they proved to be flexible and thus adaptable to a wide variety of situations.

Recommendations are made concerning setting up a guard area and ways of improving the silviculture of Ayous. Also, the possibilities for an agrisilvipastoral system are explored.     

A05等刺槐无性系对比试验初报

以从北京、河南、山东引进的13个刺槐优良无性系为材料,于2005年初在武汉市黄陂区沙口林场、郧西县佘家湾林场、广水市中华山林场进行造林试验。根据试验期间调查的结果,A05、3-I等2个无性系显示出良好的生长趋向,极显著优于对照品种本地刺槐。     

奉化市“十二五”期间年森林采伐限额的编制

根据编制原则及范围,采用2007年森林资源二类调查成果,利用国家林业局调查规划设计院开发的森林合理年采伐量测算系统和由浙江省森林资源监测中心开发的浙江省十二五编限数据处理系统组成的软件,测算出奉化市合理年采伐量为49413m3.为利于林业可持续发展,确定奉化市十二五期间年森林采伐限额建议指标为46980m3,其中主伐4440 m3,抚育采伐32970 m3,更新采伐5570 m3,其它采伐4000 m3.     

辽宁冰砬山地区蒙古栎生长过程研究

在辽宁冰砬山地区不同立地条件的蒙古栎林分中设置5块样地进行各项因子调查,在每个样地内伐取1株蒙古栎平均木进行树干解析,解析木年龄为50～63 a,树干解析数据表明:胸径连年生长量高峰值出现在15 a,平均生长量高峰值出现在20 a;树高连年生长量高峰值出现在15 a,平均生长量高峰值出现在15～20 a;材积连年生长量和平均生长量在35 a前增长较快,45 a后有所减缓,从生长量变化趋势来看,数量成熟龄应在60 a左右。选用5个生长模型对胸径、树高、材积的总生长过程进行了拟合,结果表明Richards曲线拟合效果最好,可以用其作为胸径、树高、材积的生长预估模型。