短日处理对感光型杂交稻组合性状的影响

以感温组合为对照,对7个感光型杂交水稻组合进行了人工短日和自然短日处理,结果显示,南宁感光型杂交水稻组合在人工短日处理下,能缩短生育期30d左右;而在自然短日下,能缩短生育期60d左右.遮光处理一般能使植株变矮,增加感光组合的单株有效穗,使每穗总粒数减少;自然短日能使主茎叶片数减少,结实率有所提高.     

湖北省马尾松人工林林分生长过程表的编制

根据３６０块标准地１９３株解析木资料，采用Ｃｈａｐｍａｎ－Ｒｉｃｈａｒｄｓ函数和二次项方程分别模拟平均树高和平均胸径的生长过程，运用迭代法分指数编制了湖北省马尾松人工林林分生长过程表。经预测检验，精度很高，可应用于湖北省马尾松人工林的经营。     

初配日龄对母猪产仔性能的影响

根据某猪场淘汰的203头母猪的生产记录,对不同初配日龄母猪的头胎产仔数、产仔胎数及产仔总数进行统计分析。结果表明,240～269日龄的初配母猪头胎产活仔数最少,270～299日龄的初配母猪平均产仔胎数最少,300～329日龄的初配母猪平均产仔胎数和产活仔总数最高,210～239日龄的初配母猪平均产仔胎数最低。从最佳经济效益来看,母猪的最佳初配日龄为210～239日龄。     

湖南慈利县地质灾害风险区划研究

采用单元网格法,利用计分规则绘制出慈利县地质灾害区划图,区划结果表明,慈利县的双溪、罗依溪镇和岩头寨的大部分地区是地质灾害高易发区,慈利南部的大部分地区相对来说不易发生地质灾害。地质灾害区划结果可为政府部门进行科学规划提供一定的参考。     

晴转阴天气日光温室内环境因素日变化研究

研究了黄瓜日光温室在晴转阴天气条件下的温度，相对湿度，光照强度和ＣＯ２浓度等环境因素的日变化以及黄瓜光合速率的日变化，黄瓜日光温室在该天气条件下具有温度较低，光照弱，光合速率正常情况减少１／２以上等特殊性，指出光照强度有限制因子，并提出了生产中应采取的相应措施。     

Landscape characteristics of disturbed shrubsteppe habitats in southwestern Idaho (U.S.A.)

We compared 5 zones in shrubsteppe habitats of southwestern Idaho to determine the effect of differing disturbance combinations on landscapes that once shared historically similar disturbance regimes. The primary consequence of agriculture, wildfires, and extensive fires ignited by the military during training activities was loss of native shrubs from the landscape. Agriculture created large square blocks on the landscape, and the landscape contained fewer small patches and more large shrub patches than non-agricultural areas. In contrast, fires left a more fragmented landscape. Repeated fires did not change the distribution of patch sizes, but decreased the total area of remaining shrublands and increased the distance between remaining shrub patches that provide seed sources. Military training with tracked vehicles was associated with a landscape characterized by small, closely spaced, shrub patches.Our results support the general model hypothesized for conversion of shrublands to annual grasslands by disturbance. Larger shrub patches in our region, historically resistant to fire spread and large-scale fires because of a perennial bunchgrass understory, were more fragmented than small patches. Presence of cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum), an exotic annual, was positively related to landscape patchiness and negatively related to number of shrub cells. Thus, cheatgrass dominance can contribute to further fragmentation and loss of the shrub patch by facilitating spread of subsequent fires, carried by continuous fuels, through the patch. The synergistic processes of fragmentation of shrub patches by disturbance, invasion and subsequent dominance by exotic annuals, and fire are converting shrubsteppe in southwestern Idaho to a new state dominated by exotic annual grasslands and high fire frequencies.     

The Influence of Day Length on Plant and Nodule Development of Fababeans (Vicia faba L.) and Grasspeas (Lathyrus sativus L.)

The valuation of the influence of different day length (DL) on plant and especially nodule development of fababeans ( Vicia faba L.) and grasspeas ( Lathyrus sativus L.) was the aim of these experiments. For that, experiments in growth chambers (Exp. 1) with DL of 10, 13, 16 and 19 hours and an experiment in vegetation boxes (Exp. 2) with DL of 7, 10, 13 hours and natural DL as control (CON) were conducted. The development of plants was studied by 6 and 7 harvests (HA) respectively beginning at 27 and 31 days after emergence (DAE) respectively, as well as consecutive determinations of leaf area, dry matter (DM) of the different plant organs and nodule number.
Total- and pod-DM of both species increased with higher DL (19 h, CON). Nodule-DM was positive influenced by longer assimilation duration and bigger leaf areas of the higher DL treatments. With onset of pod ripening, which occurred early under higher DL, lower nodule-DM was determined due to the beginning of nodule senescence. Under 19 h DL the fababeans established highest nodule-DM, 1,100 mg/plant, whereas the grasspea 410 mg only. Nodules under shorter DL (7 h, 10 h) showed less intensive red tissue and less nodules > 6 mm diameter. The grasspea established more bigger nodules than the fababeans. Total nodule number was not unequivocal affected by DL, however, it increased with the course of vegetation. Senescence of nodules was most evident at time of highest growth rates of the pod-DM.     

河北坝上三种饲用树种的年生长模型与饲草产量研究

通过河北坝上地区三个常见树种两年的研究说明，三个树种的年生长符合Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ方程，其生物量显著高于当地天然草地产量，而且其营养价值也很高。三人树种以榆树表现最好，建议其成为坝上区首先考虑的饲料种之一。     

1日龄火鸡新城疫LaSota苗与灭活苗联合接种后的免疫应答

火鸡１日龄时用新城疫ＬａＳｏｔａ苗与油乳剂灭活苗联合免疫后，在７、１４、２１、３５日龄及攻毒后，检测了火鸡免疫器官组织法氏囊、胸腺、脾脏、盲肠扁桃体、哈德尔腺中浆细胞、ＴＡＮＡＥ＋＿数量变化。结果表明：免疫火鸡法氏囊、脾脏、盲肠扁桃体、哈德尔腺的浆细胞明显增多，机体体液免疫应答显著增强；胸腺、脾脏、盲肠扁桃体、哈德尔腺中ＴＡＮＡＥ＋也程度不同地增多，细胞免疫应答也明显增强，免疫后６０ｄ，用新城疫苗强毒攻击，免疫火鸡获得了良好的保护。     

不同光周期条件下PhyB和ABA对不同苜蓿品种的秋眠性调控

短日照和低温是导致苜蓿秋眠的主要环境因子。本研究检测了3个不同秋眠型苜蓿在8,12和16 h光照光周期条件下叶片和顶芽中PhyB和ABA的含量,并探讨其对秋眠的影响机制。结果表明,1)和非秋眠苜蓿相比,秋眠苜蓿叶片中PhyB含量高,PhyB作为绿色植物主要光受体可能通过光周期调控或参与了苜蓿的秋眠;并且3个品种均是在8 h光照下PhyB合成量高,暗示长暗期利于其合成。2)和12,16 h光照相比,8 h处理顶芽和第一展开叶中ABA含量最高,显然短日照利于ABA的合成;8 h光照处理时,秋眠型苜蓿品种Vernal ABA含量分别比半秋眠型CW5 0 2和非秋眠型CUF1 0 1高2.1 2和2.0 3倍,1 2 h光照处理ABA含量Vernal比CW5 0 2和CUF1 0 1分别高3 6.2 4%和46.46%,但16 h光照处理ABA含量并不表现上述规律,说明8和12 h光照程度不同地为苜蓿创造了逆境效应,ABA可能是调控或诱导秋眠的激素。3)8 h光照下苜蓿秋眠特征明显,生长严重受抑,不开花;12 h光照下苜蓿秋眠特征比8 h光照处理轻,生长受抑但抑制程度低于8 h光照处理,不开花;16 h光照下3个品种生长、开花正常。可能是PhyB含量多寡程度不同地调控了光周期反应,进而影响了ABA合成,而ABA在不同光周期诱导下通过合成量不同调控了不同秋眠基因表达,诱发了秋眠。