影响反刍动物产品中共轭亚油酸富集因素的研究进展

共轭亚油酸(CLA)又被称为过瘤胃脂肪酸。近年来,随着CLA对人体健康的重要作用被陆续发现,通过饲养途径如何提高反刍动物产品中CLA含量成为当前动物营养研究领域的热点。本文在查阅国内外CLA最新研究进展的基础上,对影响反刍动物产品中CLA合成的因素加以综述。     

畜产品中兽药残留原因及危害

在畜禽饲养管理过程中使用违禁药物或滥用药物,使用饲料添加剂或超量用药,不遵守休药期规定等均可引起畜产品兽药残留。同时饲养环境遭到污染也能致使药物残留,并且我国关于食品安全的法律法规不健全、监管力度不够等,致使畜产品中药物残留问题更加严重。人体摄入存在药物残留的食品后,不仅会引起急性、慢性或蓄积性中毒,还会致使机体细菌产生耐药性,甚至污染整个生活环境等。     

规模化养殖场群体动物中草药服用方法的改进及其应用

利用中草药防治动物疾病已经成为养殖业研究的重要课题,但对动物服用中草药的难度较大,该文改进了传统的人工胃管灌服方法的缺陷,采用将中草药与精料共煮后饲喂,方法简便、价格低廉、节省人力,对规模化养殖场群体动物的中草药应用具有良好的推广价值。     

转基因技术与动物育种研究

转基因技术的成功给动物育种和生产带来了重大变革，综述了各种转基因技术应用于动物育种的进展情况，提出了今后转基因动物育种的工作建议。     

福州市野生动物救护情况的统计分析

福州动物园于2009-2013年共救护野生动物70种1 033只(羽、头、尾),其中福建省有分布的动物种类占70%。在救护种类上鸟类最多有32种,其次为爬行类、兽类、两栖类;而在救护数量上爬行类最多,有633尾,其次为鸟类、两栖类、兽类。救护动物的主要来源为林业执法部门罚没。通过对福州动物园5年来救护动物的种类、数量、保护级别、动物分布情况、救护病因等情况进行总结分析,为今后开展野生动物救护提供一定的思路和对策。     

影响绵羊冻胚移植妊娠率的因素分析

本研究对胚胎质量、胚胎移植数量、胚胎发育阶段、冷冻方法、移植方法及饲养管理水平等因素对移植产羔率的影响进行研究,以提高绵羊胚胎移植效率。结果表明:采用1.5mol/L乙二醇做冷冻保护剂对胚胎进行常规冷冻,冻前A级胚胎冷冻/解冻后可用胚率、存活率、降级率均高于B级,差异极显著(P<0.01)。移植1枚冷冻解冻后A级、B级或2枚(A+B)胚胎的受体移植产羔率分别为44.48%、46.84%和44.81%。经χ2检验分析,三者之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。移植双胚的受体双羔率为22(%53/241),以胚胎为单位计算,产羔率仅为33.40%。A级囊胚和桑椹胚的产羔率之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。1.5 mol/L乙二醇常规冷冻保存的体内胚胎移植产羔率高于EFS40玻璃化冷冻保存,但经统计学分析,二者无显著差异(P>0.05)。子宫手术移植和腹腔内窥镜法子宫移植之间产羔率不具统计学差异(P>0.05)。在牧场条件下大规模移植的平均产羔率为43.95%,范围在20%￣70%之间,受体饲养管理水平对绵羊移植产羔率有较大影响。     

The risk of death: the confidential enquiry into perioperative small animal fatalities

Objective To estimate the risks of anaesthetic and sedation‐related mortality in companion animals in the UK. (The Confidential Enquiry into Perioperative Small Animal Fatalities, CEPSAF). Study design A prospective cohort study with nested case–control study. Animal population All small animals anaesthetized and sedated at participating centres between June 2002 and June 2004. Methods Patient outcomes at 48 hours (alive, dead and killed) were recorded. Anaesthetic and sedation‐related death was defined as death where surgical or pre‐existing medical causes did not solely cause death. Species‐specific risks of anaesthetic‐related death and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. Risks were also estimated in the sub‐sets of dogs, cats and rabbits that were either healthy or sick (ASA 1–2 and 3–5, respectively). Results One hundred and seventeen veterinary practices participated in the study and 98 036 dogs, 79 178 cats and 8209 rabbits were anaesthetized and sedated. Overall risks of anaesthetic and sedation‐related death in dogs were 0.17% (1 in 601, 95% CI 0.14–0.19%), in cats 0.24% (1 in 419, 95% CI 0.20–0.27%) and in rabbits 1.39% (1 in 72, 95% CI 1.14–1.64%) within 48 hours of the procedure. In healthy dogs, cats and rabbits, the risks were estimated to be 0.05% (1 in 1849, 95% CI 0.04–0.07%), 0.11%, (1 in 895, 95% CI 0.09–0.14%) and 0.73% (1 in 137, 95% CI 0.54–0.93%), respectively. In sick dogs, cats and rabbits, the risks were 1.33%, (1 in 75, 95% CI 1.07–1.60%), 1.40% (1 in 71, 95% CI 1.12–1.68%) and 7.37% (1 in 14, 95% CI 5.20–9.54%), respectively. Postoperative deaths accounted for 47% of deaths in dogs, 61% in cats and 64% in rabbits. Most other small animal species had higher mortality risks. Conclusions and clinical relevance Small animal anaesthesia appears to be increasingly safe. Greater patient care in the postoperative period could reduce fatalities.     

动物腹腔手术后粘连的成因及防制概述

就术后粘连发生的诱因、发生机理进行了阐述,并结合动物粘连模型的试验研究结果及临床研究结果,对预防腹腔手术后粘连的药物和方法进行了综述。     

北京市顺义区畜牧业发展问题的思考

对北京顺义区畜牧业现状进行了调研,总结顺义区畜牧业发展的经验,分析其面临的新挑战和新机遇,对如何建设都市型现代畜牧业提出对策和建议。