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51.
家畜排泄物综合处理工艺的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
赵文峰 《农业装备与车辆工程》2006,(10):47-49
对我国广大农村家畜排泄物常规处理存在的利弊进行了调查研究,最终揭示出厌氧发酵制沼气、好氧发酵制复混肥的一套符合我国可持续发展、创建和谐社会、节约型社会的家畜粪便处理的科学、实用方法。 相似文献
52.
对2.25Cr-10钢与铁铝合金的高温抗氧化性能进行了对比研究。铁铝合金具有许多性能上的优点,尤其在其高温抗氧化性能方面。明显优于不锈钢、铬钼钢等传统的高温结构材料,并且随着温度的升高及铝含量的增加,其优势更加显著。 相似文献
53.
将用于厌氧消化反应器的载体经好氧挂膜预处理,采用有机负荷递增法启动厌氧附着膜膨胀床(AAFEB)反应器,好氧预处理后的反应器比对照提前15天完成启动,并且具有较好的耐冲击负荷能力和耐水力负荷能力。这与污泥结构良好,持留能力强,污泥流失量小呈正相关。在反应器的稳态运行和再启动运行期间,反应器的主要运行参数与对照反应器无明显差异。 相似文献
54.
本文综述了生活污水厌氧消化系统相关后处理技术的技术特点和研究进展,着重分析了好氧处理、稳定塘处理及土地处理三种后处理技术方法,简要介绍了户用一体化装置的研究及应用状况。 相似文献
55.
上流式厌氧污泥床处理豆制品废水启动研究 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:6
用上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)处理豆制品废水,以阐明这种消化器启动的效果。研究结果表明,产气率,COD去除率和甲烷含量分别为3.0L/(L.d),93%,58.4%。从第26天至46天的运转期间,UASB平均COD负荷率、产气率,COD去除率,甲烷含量分别为5.2gCOD/(L.d),3.5L/(L.d),90%,59.4%。出水乙酸,丙酸浓度分别为111mg/L,98mg/L,丁酸浓度不可测出。 相似文献
56.
Fatty acid composition of neutral lipids (NLs), phospholipids (PLs) and free fatty acids (FFAs) from intramuscular fat (IMF), lipid oxidation and lipase activity in muscle Semimembranosus (SM) and msucle Biceps femoris (BF) of dry-cured Xuanwei ham during the 90-d salting stages were analysed. The salt content increased from 0.34 to 3.52%in BF and from 0.10 to 5.42%in SM during the 90 d salting stage, respectively. PLs of IMF in both BF and SM decreased 54.70%(P〈0.001) and 34.64%(P〈0.05), furthermore, the saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) of PLs in both muscles were hydrolysed almost isochronously. FFAs were increased from 0.46 g 100 g-1 lipids to 2.92 g 100 g-1 lipids in BF at the end of salting, which was lower than SM (from 1.29 g 100 g-1 lipids to 9.70 g 100 g-1 lipids). The activities of acid lipase, neutral lipase and acid phospholipase all remained active in the 90 d. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) was slowly increased to 1.34 mg kg-1 muscle in BF and to 2.44 mg kg-1 muscle in SM during the salting stage. In conclusion, the controlled salting process prompted the hydrolysis of PLs of IMF notably and increased the lipid oxidation of muscles within some limits. 相似文献
57.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(6):707-716
Abstract Details and some evaluation are given of the use of a dialysis method for sampling pore water from depth in wetland substrata (peats), with particular reference to measurement of concentrations of ion species with stabilities dependent on redox potential. The method is based upon the burial and subsequent retrieval (after equilibration) of cells made from dialysis membrane filled with deionized water. Preliminary results of field investigations of concentrations of dissolved iron and sulphide in the pore water of base‐rich mires, as sampled by this method, are given. Results suggest that the method could have very considerable application and that its potential, and possible problems, deserve further examination. 相似文献
58.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(17-18):2479-2503
Abstract As a means of economic disposal and to reduce need for chemical fertilizer, waste generated from swine production is often applied to agricultural land. However, there remain many environmental concerns about this practice. Two such concerns, contribution to the greenhouse effect and stratospheric ozone depletion by gases emitted from waste‐amended soils, have not been thoroughly investigated. An intact core study at Auburn University (32 36′N, 85 36′W) was conducted to determine the source‐sink relationship of three greenhouse gases in three Alabama soils (Black Belt, Coastal Plain, and Appalachian Plateau regions) amended with swine waste effluent. Soil cores were arranged in a completely random design, and treatments used for each soil type consisted of a control, a swine effluent amendment (112 kg N ha?1), and an ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) fertilizer amendment (112 kg N ha?1). During a 2‐year period, a closed‐chamber technique was used to determine rates of emission of nitrous oxide (N2O)–nitrogen (N), carbon dioxide (CO2)–carbon (C), and methane (CH4)–C from the soil surface. Gas probes inserted into the soil cores were used to determine concentrations of N2O‐N and CO2‐C from depths of 5, 15, and 25 cm. Soil water was collected from each depth using microlysimeters at the time of gas collection to determine soil‐solution N status. Application of swine effluent had an immediate effect on emissions of N2O‐N, CO2‐C, and CH4‐C from all soil textures. However, greatest cumulative emissions and highest peak rates of emission of all three trace gases, directly following effluent applications, were most commonly observed from sandier textured Coastal Plain and Appalachian Plateau soils, as compared to heavier textured Black Belt soil. When considering greenhouse gas emission potential, soil type should be a determining factor for selection of swine effluent waste disposal sites in Alabama. 相似文献
59.
60.
OBJECTIVE: To measure the production and amount of oxidation of wool grease secreted immediately after shearing. To identify components of wool grease that might act as a carrier to facilitate lateral diffusion of topically applied insecticides. DESIGN: Fine-wool Merino sheep were shorn and residual greasy wool was collected from the sheep's flank. The quantity of grease produced, and the amount of oxidation was measured during 18 days after shearing. Wool grease was fractionated into five component groups based on their polarity and the degree of oxidation in these fractions determined. RESULTS: There was a 24% increase in grease production within 2 days after shearing but secretions returned to pre-shearing amounts after 4 days. During this period wool grease oxidized rapidly. Of the grease fractions examined, sterol and wax esters remained essentially unoxidized whereas free sterols such as cholesterol and lanosterol, fatty acids and polar lipids, aldehydes and alcohols were extensively oxidized within 7 days after shearing. CONCLUSION: The transient increase in grease production after shearing may facilitate diffusion of topically applied synthetic pyrethroid insecticides. Oxidation of grease components may then contain the insecticide and limit further diffusion. Incorporating the insecticide in non-oxidising fractions of wool grease may make insecticide dispersion more efficient. 相似文献